| 释义 |
‖ rete|ˈriːtiː|
Pl. retia |ˈriːtɪə, ˈriːʃɪə|. Also 4 riet, 6 rethe.
[L. rēte net.]
1. a. An open-work metal plate, affixed to an astrolabe, and serving to indicate the positions of the principal fixed stars.
c1391Chaucer Astrol. i. §3 Thi Riet shapen in manere of a net or of a webbe of a loppe. 1594Blundevil Exerc. vi. (1636) 604 And though there be cut out in the Rete but 30 Almicanteraths. 1613M. Ridley Magn. Bodies 106 Place the horizon of the rete to the altitude of the pole for that place. 1905Sci. Amer. 12 Aug. 120/3 Above the planisphere lies the neatly cut out and decorated ‘rete’ carrying upon its circular interior the constellations of the ecliptic. 1957Encycl. Brit. II. 575/1 Having noted the sun's position for the day in the zodiac circle, rotate the rete until the sun's position coincides with a circle on the plate corresponding to the observed altitude. 1974Sci. Amer. May 8/2 This modern descendant of the astrolabe comes packed in a leatherette case with a rete, nine climates, a planet-plotting device and instructions.
†b. A graduated scale affixed to an astronomical telescope. Obs.
1665Hooke Microgr. 236 These [telescopes] should be fitted with a Rete or divided Scale. 1677Plot Oxfordsh. 227 To which Instrument he has added many sorts of Rete's, Screws, and Apertures.
2. Anat.
a. rete mirabile, an elaborate network or plexus of blood-vessels; in early use spec. that of Galen, which is formed by the intracranial part of the internal carotid artery in some animals, and was supposed to exist also in man. Also spec. in Zool., such a network that supplies the swim bladder of many fishes and releases gas from the circulation for secretion into the bladder so as to increase buoyancy. Also rete simply.
1541Copland Guydon's Quest. Chirurg. D iv, The sondry ensuyng withinforth ben the dura mater and the pia mater, and than rethe myrable. 1548–77Vicary Anat. iv. 32 Rete mirabile, or wonderful caule vnder the Pannicles. 1615Crooke Body of Man (1631) 470 The Rete mirabile..is made of soporary arteries, which arising upward from the heart through the chest climbe vnto the head and at the Basis of the braine neere the originall of the opticke Nerues, do make this web or Net. 1727–38Chambers Cycl. s.v., Vieussens asserts, with many other anatomists, that there is no rete mirabile in man. 1848Quain's Anat. (ed. 5) I. p. ccxliii, Of such retia mirabilia there are many examples in the lower animals. Ibid. II. 1196 An artery breaking up into a rete mirabile. 1883Encycl. Brit. XV. 390/1 The principal arteries form very extensive and complex retia mirabilia. 1896[see red body s.v. red a. 19 a]. 1897,1949[see glomus 2]. 1961Jrnl. Gen. Physiol. XLIV. 539 The gas gland consists of a cellular layer interposed between the gas gland capillaries emanating from the rete and the lumen of the swim-bladder. 1962K. F. Lagler Ichthyology viii. 254 In the eel..over 100,000 arterioles and a slightly smaller number of venules give the rete a total surface of over 2 square meters where blood vessels are opposed to one another. 1973Sci. Amer. Feb. 39/3 The tiny vessels intermingle to form slabs of vascular tissue, the retia, that lie close to the upper and lower surfaces of the dark muscle... These retia are the heat exchangers that ensure the warmth of the dark muscle. 1974[see red gland s.v. red a. 19 a].
b. The under portion of the epidermis, in which the pigment-cells are situated. Usually in full, rete mucosum, or rete Malpighii.
1797Encycl. Brit. (ed. 3) I. 700/1 The colour of the body is found to depend on the colour of this rete mucosum. 1824Trans. R. Soc. Edin. X. 250 A structure..quite analogous to the coloured portion of the rete mucosum of the skin. 1842Prichard Nat. Hist. Man 88 Those parts of the rete which..correspond with the furrows on the surface of the cutis. 1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VIII. 865 The female..penetrates the horny layer of the skin and then wriggles through the rete.
c. In full rete testis. A network of vessels through which spermatozoa pass before leaving the testicle for the epididymis.
1786W. Cruickshank Anat. Absorbing Vessels Human Body ii. 140 The absorbents which arise out of the rete testis are exceedingly large. 1821J. Wilson Lect. Struct. & Physiol. Male Urinary & Genital Organs iv. 96 Each of the vessels forming the rete testis sends off a tube, which leaves the body of the testicle and enters the epididymis singly. 1849–52R. B. Todd Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. IV. 977/2 The canals of the rete. 1906Practitioner Nov. 663 Most of these recorded cases [of testicular tumour]..are characterised by complexity of growth; and this is explained, I believe, as regards my own, by its origin, which I have traced to the tubules of the rete testis. 1968Passmore & Robson Compan. Med. Stud. I. xxxvii. 22/1 Each seminiferous tubule is highly coiled... They are looped in such a way that both ends join a series of about thirty short, so-called straight tubules which converge on a network of vessels lying in the mediastinum, the rete testis.
3. Ent. (See quot.)
1871T. R. Jones Anim. Kingd. (ed. 4) 382 The whole body of the larva is filled with a peculiar fatty tissue..called by entomologists the rete, epiploon, or fat-mass. This material..consists of an oily or greasy substance enveloped in a most delicate cellulosity. |