| 释义 |
‖ potestas|pəʊˈtɛstæs|
Pl. potestates |-ˈeɪtiːz|.
[L. potestās power, used in certain connexions.]
†1. Alg. = power n.1 11. Obs.
1656Hobbes Six Less. Wks. 1845 VII. 330 The roots and potestates themselves. 1675Collins in Rigaud Corr. Sci. Men (1841) I. 213 They will both ascend to the 18th potestas of the unknown symbol.
†2. Chemical or pharmaceutical power; active principle; = essence n. 9. Obs.
1683Salmon Doron Med. i. 290 That Potestates or Powers of things are as if they were the Nature. 1694― Bate's Dispens. (1713) 152/1 After the same Manner..prepare the Potestates or Powers of other Vegetable Productions.
3. Roman Law. The power or authority of the head of a family over those depending on him; esp. parental authority.
1870Abdy & Walker tr. Gaius i. §109. 35 Whereas both males and females may be in our potestas, females alone come into manus. 1880[see potestal].
4. Philol. The phonetic or phonemic value of a letter in an alphabet.
1949J. R. Firth in Trans. Philol. Soc. 1948 135 Each Arabic letter has..syllabic value, the value or potestas in the most general terms being consonant plus vowel, including vowel zero, or zero vowel. 1963English Studies XLIV. 4 Thus if there is a contrast..between the North and elsewhere, then..it is best treated as a contrast in graphemes irrespective of their phonemic ‘value’, or, to speak in more mediaeval terms, as a contrast in figurae irrespective of the potestas of each. 1967R. H. Robins Short Hist. Linguistics iii. 56 Priscian worked systematically through his subject, the description of the language of classical Latin literature. Pronunciation and syllable structure are covered by a description of the letters (litterae), defined as the smallest parts of articulate speech, of which the properties are nōmen, the name of the letter, figūra, its written shape, and potestās, its phonetic value. 1972H. Benediktsson First Grammatical Treat. iii. 90 He is willing to establish new letters with a value (potestas) of a combination of two consecutive letters. |