| 释义 |
praxeology|præksɪˈɒlədʒɪ|
Also praxiology, praˈxology.
[ad. F. praxéologie (L. Bourdeau 1882, in Théorie des Sciences II. vii. i. 463), or directly f. Gr. πρᾶξις action: see -ology.]
The study of such actions as are necessary in order to give practical effect to a theory or technique; the science of human conduct; the science of efficient action. So praxeoˈlogical, -iological a.; praxiˈologist, one who studies practical activity.
1904W. R. B. Gibson Philos. Introd. Ethics ix. 190, I say ‘theory of experience’ instead of theory of ‘knowledge’ or ‘epistemology’, in order to include the theory of action or ‘praxology’. 1911C. A. Mercier Conduct & its Disorders p. viii, Apart from the general advantage..of having a systematic knowledge of conduct as a whole; there are certain special advantages to be derived from a study of Praxiology, if I may so term it. 1944Philos. & Phenomenol. Res. IV. 527 The theoretical science of human action, praxeology, and especially its hitherto best developed part, economics or catallactics. Ibid. 533 Praxeology does not employ the term rational. It deals with purposive behavior, i.e., human action. Ibid. 537 The technological and the praxeological methods. 1945Z. Jordan Devel. Math. Logic Poland viii. 33/2 Kotarbinski's first published papers dealt with some problems of ethics and sociology, which were to supply the foundations of a general theory of action, called by him praxeology. 1961T. Kotarbinski in Methodos XIII. 163 (title) The aspirations of praxiologists. 1962E. Nagel et al. Logic, Methodol. & Philos. of Sci. 211 (title) Praxiological sentences and how they are proved. 1965D. Wojtasiewicz tr. Kotarbinski's Praxiology i. 1 Considerations included in the present work come within the scope of praxiology—the general theory of efficient action. Ibid., The praxiologist concerns himself with finding the broadest possible generalizations of a technical nature. 1966Howard & Fox tr. Aron's Peace & War p. xviii (heading) Praxeology, the antinomies of diplomatic-strategic conduct. Ibid. i. 4, I must first define international relations, then specify the characteristics of the four levels of conceptualization which we call theory, sociology, history, praxiology. 1973Times Lit. Suppl. 6 July 787/3 The synthesis of these two modes of knowledge he labels ‘praxeological’. 1973B. B. Wolman Dict. Behavioral Sci. 286/1 Praxiology, psychology viewed as the study of actions, and overt behavior... Any normative science, such as, e.g. education, social philosophy, ethics, etc., that sets norms and goals for human actions. |