| 释义 |
arsenal|ˈɑːsɪnəl|
Forms: 6 archy-, archinale, 6–7 ars-, arzenale, 6–7 arcenal, 7 -all, -el, arci-, arsi-, arsenall, 6– arsenal.
[a. It. arze- arsenale, Sp. Pg. F. arsenal, earlier forms of which are It. arzenà (Dante), arzanà (still in use), 16–17th c. F. arsena, arsenac (see Littré), all in the current sense; cf. It. and Sp. darsena, Sicilian tirzanà (Diez), Pg. taracena, tercena, F. darse, darsine, ‘a dock’; also Sp. atarazána, atarazanál, ‘arsenal, factory, wine-cellar, etc.’ The original is the Arab. dār aççināﻋah, workshop, factory (i.e. dār house, place of, al the, çināﻋah, art, mechanical industry, f. çanaﻋa to make, fabricate), which is directly represented by the Romance darsena, taracena; atarazana is prob. a Sp. Arab. form with article al-, ad- prefixed; arsena is either (as Diez thinks) from darsena, with d dropped (perh. by assoc. with de, d', preposition, cf. dante, ante n.1), or (as Defréméry and others hold) from aç-çināﻋah alone. See Dozy, and Devic in Littré's Supp. The final -ale, -al was added in It. or Sp. The wider sense of the Arabic is retained in Sp.; the other languages have narrowed it to dock and armoury. The earliest forms in Eng. were from It., but the existing one is that common to Fr., Sp. and Pg.]
1. A dock possessing naval stores, materials, and all appliances for the reception, construction, and repair of ships; a dockyard. Obs. exc. Hist.
1506Sir R. Guylforde Pilgr. (1851) 7 At the Archynale there be closed within..an .C. galyes. 1549Thomas Hist. Italy (1561) 74 b, The Arsenale [at Venice] in myne eye excedeth all the rest: For there they haue well neere two hundred galeys. 1580North Plutarch (1676) 372 Set up an arsenal or store-house to build gallies in. 1601Holland Pliny I. 175 Making the Arsenall at Athens, able to receiue 1000 ships. 1611Coryat Crudities 216, I was at the Arsenall which is so called quasi ars naualis, because there is exercised the Art of making tackling and all other necessary things for shipping. 1693Urquhart Rabelais iii. lii, Carricks, Ships..and other vessels of his Thalassian arsenal. 1838Arnold Hist. Rome (1846) I. xxi. 461 Building ships, and arsenals to receive and fit them out properly.
2. A public establishment for the manufacture and storage, or for the storage alone, of weapons and ammunition of all kinds, for the military and naval forces of the country.
1579Fenton Guicciard. viii. (1599) 317 A fire kindled..in their storre house called the Arzenale..where was their saltpeter. 1625Bacon Ess. (Arb.) 473 Stored Arcenalls and Armouries. 1660Howell Let. Ital. Prov. in Dict., The whole Arsenal of Venice is not able to arm a Coward. 1676Bullokar, Arcenel, an Armoury, Storehouse of Armour or Artillery. 1727Chambers Cycl. s.v., The Arsenal at Paris is that where the cannon or great guns are cast. 1781Gibbon Decl. & F. II. 53 Offensive weapons of all sorts, and military engines, which were deposited in the arsenals. 1811D. Lysons Environs Lond. I. 594 The gun-wharf at Woolwich..is now called the Arsenal, or Royal Arsenal. This Arsenal is the grand depôt of the ordnance belonging to the navy. 1876J. Thorne Environs Lond. II. 742/1 The Royal Arsenal [Woolwich] stretches for a mile along the Thames E. of the Dockyard. It is the only arsenal in the kingdom; the smaller establishments at the other dockyards are called gun-wharfs, and receive their supplies from Woolwich.
b. fig.
1598Sylvester Du Bartas i. (1633) 24 Of changefull chances common Arcenal. 1604T. Wright Passions Mind v. §4. 185 Their arcinall or storehouse of persuasiue prouission. 1643Featly Pref. Newman's Concord. 1 Scripture is..the spirituall arsenall of munition. 1857H. Reed Lect. Brit. Poets ix. 300 Weapons from the arsenal of poetic satire. |