| 释义 |
prostate, n. (a.) Anat.|ˈprɒsteɪt|
[ad. med.L. prostat-a the prostate, ad. Gr. προστάτ-ης one who stands before, agent-n. from προΐσταναι to set before: cf. στατός placed, standing. (So F. prostate.)]
A large gland, or each of a number of small glands, accessory to the male generative organs, surrounding the neck of the bladder and the commencement of the urethra, in man and other Mammalia.
(In first quot. app. confounded with the seminal vesicles.)
1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 189 An Horse or Bull may generate after castration, that is, from the stock..of seminall matter, already prepared and stored up in the Prostates or glandules of generation. c1720W. Gibson Farrier's Guide i. ii. (1738) 17 There are several glandular bodies situated..immediately before the seed bladders [in the horse], and are therefore called Prostates. 1804Abernethy Surg. Obs. 234 The chief cases..are those of enlarged prostates. 1847–9Todd's Cycl. Anat. IV. 146/1 In shape the prostate resembles a Spanish chesnut. 1888Rolleston & Jackson Anim. Life 31 It is in accordance with general usage to speak of both of [the two other] sets of glands [in the male rabbit] as ‘prostates’ , the smaller as the ‘anterior’ and the larger as the ‘posterio prostates’.
b. attrib. or adj., esp. in prostate gland.
(In first quot. applied to the gland of Bartholin in the female, the homologue of the Cowperian gland.)
1754–64Smellie Midwif. I. 94 On each side of the Meatus urinarius are two small..openings the tubes of which..come from the prostate gland. 1840G. V. Ellis Anat. 582 The prostate gland..is situated at the front of the pelvis, and near the symphysis pubis.
Hence prostaˈtalgia, pain in the prostate (Dunglison, 1842); prostatectomy |prɒstəˈtɛktəmɪ| [Gr. ἐκτοµή cutting out], excision of the prostate, or of part of it; ‖ prostatitis |-ˈaɪtɪs| [-itis], inflammation of the prostate; hence prostatitic |-ˈɪtɪk| a.; proˈstatolith [-lith], a calculus formed in the prostate; prostaˈtometer [-meter], ‘an instrument for measuring the prostate’ (Syd. Soc. Lex.); ‖ ˌprostatoˈrrhœa |-ˈriːə| [Gr. ῥοία flux], a discharge, esp. of mucus, from the prostate; prostatotomy |-ˈɒtəmɪ| [Gr. τοµή cutting], incision of the prostate; ˌprostato-ˈvesical a. [L. vesica bladder], belonging to the prostate and bladder.
1890Billings Nat. Med. Dict., *Prostatectomy. 1904Brit. Med. Jrnl. 17 Dec. 1641 Prostates removed by perineal prostatectomy.
1890Cent. Dict., *Prostatitic. 1895Syd. Soc. Lex., Prostatitic, belonging to, or affected with, prostatitis.
1844Dunglison Med. Lex., *Prostatitis. 1860Sir H. Thompson Dis. of Prostate (1868) 53 The morbid anatomy of acute prostatitis.
1895Syd. Soc. Lex., *Prostatolith... *Prostatometer.
1858Mayne Expos. Lex., *Prostatorrhœa. 1899J. Cagney Jaksch's Clin. Diagn. ix. (ed. 4) 425 Their presence in large numbers..indicates prostatorrhœa.
1890Billings Nat. Med. Dict., *Prostatotomy.
1878T. Bryant Pract. Surg. (1879) II. 85 The dumb⁓bell calculus is usually *prostato-vesical or encysted. |