| 释义 |
▪ I. aˈssimilate, pple. and n.
Also 7 -ulat.
[ad. L. assimilātus: see next.]
†A. pple. Likened, compared. Obs.
B. n.
†1. That which is like. Obs.
2. Something which has been assimilated (see assimilate v. 7).
1671True Non-Conf. 463 How then can our necessary undertaking..be assimulat to that precedent. 1691E. Taylor Behmen's Theosoph. Philos. ii. 357 When the will findeth its assimilate.
1935Ann. Reg. 1934 56 Work on the transport of assimilates and other dissolved substances. 1936Nature 14 Nov. 851/2 The movement of assimilate in seedling tomato plants.
▪ II. assimilate, v.|əˈsɪmɪleɪt|
Also 7–8 -ulate.
[f. L. assimilāt- ppl. stem of assimilā-re to liken, f. ad- to + simil-is like: cf. F. assimiler, 16th c.]
I. To make or be like.
1. a. trans. To make like to, cause to resemble.
1628Bp. Hall Old Relig. 195 Religion..doth more assimilate and vnite vs to that vnchangeable Deity. 1721R. Keith T. à Kempis' Vall. Lillies i. 5 Thou art assimilated to the holy Angels. 1865Dickens Mut. Fr. x. 346 Observe the dyer's hand, assimilating itself to what it works in. 1866Bright Reform, Sp. 13 Mar. (1876) 344 To assimilate our law in this respect to the law of Scotland.
b. with with. (In this const. some influence of II is apparent; as not only resemblance, but also alliance or incorporation is implied.)
1849Ruskin Sev. Lamps vi. §16. 178 Stains, or vegetation, which assimilate the architecture with the work of Nature. 1865Mill Repr. Gov. 52 Whose education and way of life assimilate them with the rich.
c. without prepositional const.: To make alike.
1785Cowper Task iv. 328 The downy flakes..Softly alighting upon all below, Assimilate all objects.
d. Philol. To render (a sound) accordant, or less discordant (to another sound in the same or a contiguous word). Also intr.
1854Proc. Philol. Soc. V. 200 In our own language..it is to be expected that some traces of the law of assimilated vowels should appear. 1871H. J. Roby Gram. Latin Lang. I. i. viii. 48 Before s, d is assimilated or falls away. 1946E. A. Nida Morphology ii. 43 Nasal consonants assimilate regressively according to the point of articulation of the following consonant.
2. a. intr. To be or become like to, resemble.
1837Lytton Athens II. 189 Whose courage assimilated to their own. 1849Miss Muloch Ogilvies xxxii. (1875) 244 That outward empressement which sometimes assimilates to affectation.
b. with with. (See note to 1 b.)
1768Blackstone Comm. V. 408 Which revenues..do always assimilate, or take the same nature, with the antient revenues. 1851D. G. Mitchell Fresh Glean. 245 It yet more assimilates with the character of New England scenery.
3. trans. To bring into conformity to, adapt. arch.
1664H. More Apol. 501 That the Body of Christ assimilated itself to the Regions it passed in his Ascension. 1748Richardson Clarissa (1811) IV. 245 This lady..half-assimilates me to her own virtue. 1791Mackintosh Vind. Gall. Wks. 1846 III. 35 Absolute monarchies..assimilate every thing with which they are connected to their own genius.
4. intr. (for refl.) To conform to, act in accordance with. arch.
1792Anecd. Pitt III. xliv. 177 The honest American, that will not assimilate to the futility and levity of Frenchmen. 1795Coleridge Friend iii. xvi. (1867) 214 With whose prejudices and ferocity their unbending virtue forbade them to assimilate.
5. trans. To liken, compare, put into the same class. Const. to, with.
1616R. C. Times' Whis., etc. (1871) 118 To these 4 brutes..Foure kindes of men we may assimilate. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1862) I. v. 22 Which we can assimilate with no shells that are known. 1794J. Hutton Philos. Light, etc. 114 To assimilate things upon fallacious grounds. 1855H. Spencer Psychol. (1872) I. ii. vii. 255 A mouse's squeak assimilates itself in thought with sounds of high pitch. 1869Lecky Europ. Morals II. iv. 273 Marcus Aurelius mournfully assimilated the career of a conqueror to that of a simple robber.
†6. trans. To resemble, be like, take after. Obs.
1578Banister Hist. Man i. 17 The Image of it [the Larynx] assimulateth a Shield. 1652Gaule Magastrom. 139 The reason that children..assimulate their nurses more than their mothers. 1661K. W. Conf. Charac. (1860) 30 He much assimulates the Saracen's head without Newgate.
II. To absorb and incorporate.
7. a. To convert into a substance of its own nature, as the bodily organs convert food into blood, and thence into animal tissue; to take in and appropriate as nourishment; to absorb into the system, incorporate. Cf. assimilation 4.
1578Banister Hist. Man v. 64 Those thynges were..assimulated, and made like to nourish, and restore the body. 1677Hale Prim. Orig. Man. i. iii. 85 The Fire assimulates the Stubble, and converts it into Fire. 1732Arbuthnot Rules Diet 309 Aliment that is easily assimilated or turned into Blood. 1869M. Somerville Molec. Sc. i. i. 14 Vegetables decompose it [carbonic acid], assimilate the carbon and set the oxygen free.
b. fig.
a1631Donne Select. (1840) 28 The understanding believer, he [the adversary] must chaw, and pick bones, before he come to assimilate him, and make him like himself. 1751Johnson Rambl. No. 95 ⁋20 Falsehood by long use is assimilated to the mind, as poison to the body. 1850Merivale Rom. Emp. (1865) I. ii. 73 His mind had no power to assimilate the lessons of history.
8. a. intr. To become of the same substance; to become absorbed or incorporated into the system.
1626Bacon Sylva §680 Birds be commonly better meat than beasts, because their flesh doth assimilate more finely. 1658A. Fox tr. Wurtz' Surg. i. iii. 12 Stitch none of the loose pieces of flesh, they will assimilate no more. 1866Dickens Uncomm. Trav. xvi. 115/1 The nightly pint of beer, instead of assimilating naturally.
b. fig.
1761Churchill Rosciad Wks. 1763 I. 23 He stands aloof from all..And scorns, like Scotsmen, to assimilate. 1864J. H. Newman Apol. 350, I am a foreign material, and cannot assimilate with the Church of England.
¶ Occas. for assimulate, q.v. |