| 释义 |
▪ I. rhodium1|ˈrəʊdɪəm|
[mod.L. (sc. lignum wood), neut. of rhodius rose-like (f. Gr. ῥόδον rose), which has been sometimes associated with Rhodius Rhodian.]
1. rhodium-wood [partial translation of mod.L. lignum rhodium; cf. rhodian-wood], the sweet-scented wood of two species of Convolvulus, C. floridus and C. scoparius, of the Canary Islands.
1661Culpepper London Disp. 7/3 Wood of..Rhodium encreases milk in Nurses. 1741Compl. Fam.-Piece i. iv. 249 Take..Rhodium Wood, Yellow Saunders, each 6 Drams.
2. oil of rhodium [= mod.L. oleum rhodii]: oil obtained from rhodium-wood; rosewood oil.
1678Phillips, Lignum Rhodium, or Aspalathus, a certain sweet Wood; of which, the Oyl of Rhodium much used in Perfumes is made. 1764Museum Rust. I. 397 To the above-mentioned means of alluring by trailing..is added another of very material efficacy, which is, the use of oil of Rhodium. 1844H. Stephens Bk. Farm III. 1296 A mixture of wheaten-flour and sugar..flavoured with the oil of rhodium. 1846J. Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) II. 371 To entice Rats. Oil of Rhodium, twenty drops [etc.].
▪ II. rhodium2 Chem.|ˈrəʊdɪəm|
[f. Gr. ῥόδον rose + -ium.]
a. A very hard white metal of the platinum group, discovered by Wollaston (see quot. 1804). Symbol Rh, formerly Ro.
1804Wollaston in Phil. Trans. XCIV. 419, I design in the present Memoir to prove the existence..of another metal, hitherto unknown, which may not improperly be distinguished by the name of Rhodium, from the rose-colour of a dilute solution of the salts containing it. 1836T. Thomson Min., Geol., etc. II. 460 Rhodium is a white metal, of so difficult fusion, that hitherto it has been obtained only in grains. 1880E. Cleminshaw Wurtz' Atom. Theory 223 Iridium and rhodium..form well-characterised trichlorides and sesquioxides.
b. attrib., as rhodium plating, rhodium-plated adj. (hence rhodium-plate vb. trans.); rhodium salt; rhodium-black (see quot.); rhodium-gold, native gold containing rhodium; so rhodium ingot; rhodium pen, a steel pen tipped with rhodium.
1883Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 849 *Rhodium black, obtained by the action of formic acid on rhodium hexchloride and sodium chloride.
1868Watts Dict. Chem., *Rhodium-gold. 1882Dana Min. 110 A rhodium-gold from Mexico.
1895Daily News 2 May 3/1 A *rhodium ingot.
1839Ure Dict. Arts, etc. 1068 The inalterable nibs of the so-named *rhodium pens.
1962L. S. Sasieni Optical Dispensing i. 4 A very satisfactory alternative way of producing a frame with a white finish is to *rhodium-plate a yellow gold filled frame.
Ibid. vii. 170 A *rhodium-plated or gold-filled supra. 1971Flying Apr. 112/3 (Advt.), Pilots Sunglasses. Air Force style rhodium plated adjustable metal frame. 1978Neiman-Marcus Christmas Bk. 29 The glitter of rectangular cut crystals, hand-set in rhodium-plated 2{pp} bar pins.
1950Thorpe's Dict. Appl. Chem. (ed. 4) X. 539/1 *Rhodium plating baths have come into extensive use during the past 20 years for producing a non-tarnishing finish on silverware and on electrical-contact materials. 1962L. S. Sasieni Optical Dispensing i. 23 The effect of a white gold filled frame is often produced by rhodium-plating.
1853W. Gregory Inorg. Chem. 261 The *rhodium salt [is] insoluble in alcohol. |