| 释义 |
atomism|ˈætəmɪz(ə)m|
[f. atom n. + -ism.]
1. a. Atomic philosophy; the doctrine of the formation of all things from indivisible particles endued with gravity and motion.
1678Cudworth Intell. Syst. 16 This spurious and counterfeit atomism of his [Anaxagoras']. 1865Q. Rev. Jan. 29 The Atomism of the philosopher of Abdera.
b. In modern philosophy: the theory that all statements, propositions, situations, etc., are composed of mutually independent, simple, primary, and irreducible elements; the elucidation and study of these elements; spec. logical atomism.
1914B. Russell Sci. Method in Philos. 16 The philosophy which I wish to advocate may be called logical atomism or absolute pluralism, because while maintaining that there are many things, it denies that there is a whole composed of those things. 1918― in Monist 497 The reason that I call my doctrine logical atomism is because the atoms that I wish to arrive at as the..last residue in analysis are logical atoms and not physical atoms. 1956D. F. Pears in Ayer et al. Revol. Philos. 49 You see how the theory of logical atomism develops. You begin with statements, subject them to analysis and find that they are built up out of parts.
2. The doctrine of the action of individual atoms.
1836Athenæum No. 434. 142 Unstable atomism is to give to the Church and the State new solidity and unity. 1879Baring-Gould Germany II. 260 He repudiated altogether Liberal atomism, the doctrine that all social and political economy must start from the individual.
3. Psychol. (See quot. 1934.)
1883F. H. Bradley Logic II. ii. i. 276 The philosophy of Experience is psychological Atomism. 1934H. C. Warren Dict. Psychol. 23/1 Psychological atomism, the theory of mind which assumes that experiences are composed of elementary psychic units or atoms. |