| 释义 |
▪ I. † aught, n.1 Obs. exc. dial.
Forms: 1 æht, pl. æhta, 2–3 prop. pl. æhte, ehte, eahte, echte, 3 eiȝte, aihte, ahte, aȝte, 4 eyghte, eighte, ehte, aghte, aȝt, auht(e, auchte, auȝt(e, aughte, haut, ahut, 5 aght, aught, 6– (Sc.) aucht.
[Common Teutonic: OE. ǽht is cogn. with OHG. éht, Goth. aiht-s; f. ágan to own, possess, pa. tense áhte. The ME. form with final -e is perhaps the OE. plural ǽhta ‘possessions, property,’ used collectively, and at length as a sing. In Scotch aucht (ɑxt) is still a living word.]
1. Possession; that which one possesses as his own; property.
c1000Ags. Gosp. Mark x. 22 He hæfde mycele æhta. c1160Hatton G. ibid., He hæfde mycele ehte. c1175Cott. Hom. 233 Hit is muche sunne if mon echte luuieð. 1205Lay. 1311 Muchel ahte heo hæfden biwunnen. c1230Ancr. R. 214 Eorðlich eihte, nis buten eorðe & asken. c1300Cursor M. 3395 Bitwene his childre he delt his auȝt. c1300K. Alis. 6884 He highth hem aughtte and gret nobleys. c1320Seuyn Sag. (W.) 1101 He went hom with that eighte. c1460Towneley Myst. 11 To gif away my warldes aght. 1513Douglas æneis iii. ii. 140 Assynging ilk ane propir houss and aucht. 1609Skene Reg. Maj. Table 81 The best aucht, sould be given to the maister. 1823Scott Quentin D. I. vii. 126 The surest gear in their aught. 1862in Hislop Prov. Scot. 36 Better saucht wi' little aucht than care wi' mony cows.
†2. esp. Live stock, cattle. Obs.
c1200St. Marharete 2 Ant wiste..othe felt hire foster motheres ahte. 1297R. Glouc. 537 Sir Jon Giffard nom to him is quic eiȝte ech on. a1300Cursor M. 6765 Ox or ass, or cou or scepe, Hors or ani oþer aght [v.r. aȝt, auht, auȝt].
†3. Comb., as aught-greedy (in 2 eiht-gradi), aughtless (in 2 aihteles). Obs.
c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 29 To þe eiht-gradi men þe deuel runeð on his herte and þus queð. Ȝef þu best aihteles þu best unwurð and loð.
▪ II. aught, n.2 (pron.), adv., a.|ɔːt|
Forms: α. 1 áwiht, áwuht, áwyht, áwht, áuht, áht, 1–3 awiht, awht, aht, 3 æht, 3–5 auht, 4 aȝt, aght, auȝht, aut, (ahut), 4– aught. β. 1 ówiht, ówuht, 3 oht, 3–5 oȝt, ocht, ouht, out, 3–6 oght, 4 ouȝt, (ohut, hout), 4–5 oucht, owcht, (9 dial. owt), 4– ought. γ. 2–3 eawiht, 3 eawicht, eawet, eawt, ewt.
[f. OE. á, ó, ever + wiht creature, being, wight, whit, thing; lit. ‘e'er a whit,’ ‘anything whatever’; cogn. with OFris. âwet, âet, OS. êowiht, OHG. eowiht, iowiht, iawiht, iewiht, MHG. ieht, iht, iewet, iwet, iet, iut, Du. iet in iets. Already in OE. the full á-wiht was phonetically contracted through several stages to áht, whence regularly ME. ōht, ōght, mod. ought, the usual form in Eng. writers from 1300 to 1550. But there must also have been a form awht, aht, with the orig. long á shortened before the two consonants, whence regularly (as in caught, taught, etc.) ME. aht, aght, mod. aught, the spelling now preferred as distinguishing this word from ought vb. In Shakes., Milton, Pope, ought and aught occur indiscriminately. The EE. eawiht, ewt seem to point to an OE. ǽwiht with umlaut.]
A. n. (pron.) Anything whatever; anything. In interrogative, negative, and conditional sentences.
(α) Forms áwiht, aught.
a1000Ags. Ps. lviii. 8 Nafast þú for áwiht ealle þéoda. Ibid. cxiii. 14 Ne máᵹon hí áwyht ᵹehýran. Ibid. cxliii. 4 Þæt þú him áht wið ǽfre hæfdest. c1175Lamb. Hom. 103 Ȝif he awiht delan wule. c1230Ancr. R. 194 Er þan hi ham aȝt yeue. a1300Cursor M. 4836 If we may find here aught to sell. 1388Wyclif Prov. x. 4 To gete auȝt [v.r. ony thing] bi leesyngis. 1574tr. Marlorats Apocalips 114 Those..can⁓not bereeue them of aught that is theirs. 1593Shakes. Rich. II, ii. iii. 73 Before I make reply to aught you say. 1702Pope Jan. & May 790 Excuse me, dear, if aught amiss was said. 1773Goldsm. Stoops to Conq. iii. i. (1854) 60 For aught I know to the contrary. 1859Tennyson Vivien 239 Unfaith in aught is want of faith in all.
(β) Form ought. arch.
c1175Lamb. Hom. 65 Ȝif eni mon mis-deð us oht. c1300Cursor M. 4144 Quar-for suld we of oght be ferd? 1375Barbour Bruce i. 251 Gyff man bad his thryll owcht do. 1382Wyclif Gal. vi. 3 If ony man gessith him silf for to be ouȝt. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) III. 39 Ȝif out schulde be wiþdrawe of þis law or put out more þerto. 1413Lydg. Pylgr. i. ii. 3 Yf thou canst ought alledgen. 1583Stubbes Anat. Abus. ii. 83 Whether he be ought or naught. 1601Shakes. All's Well v. iii. 281 It might be yours or hers for ought I know. 1728Pope Dunc. i. 24 Grieve not, my Swift, at ought our realm acquires. 1845–6Trench Huls. Lect. i. i. 9 Who that knows ought of what is going forward.
† (γ) Forms eawiht, eawet, eawt, ewt. Obs.
c1175Lamb. Hom. 3 Ȝif eni man seid eawiht to eou. c1220Leg. St. Kath. 1193 For to drehen eawt. Ibid. 997 Butin ewt to leosen.
†B. adj. (Attributive use of prec. Cf. naught = worthless, found much earlier.) Anything worth, something worth; worthy, estimable, valiant, doughty. Obs.
[1086O.E. Chron. 222 An man þe hym sylf aht wære.] 1205Lay. 8141 Ahte cniht wes Auelin. Ibid. 4348 Þu eær muchele ahtere. Ibid. 18426 And æuerælc ocht [1250 oht] mon? sterkliche heom legge on. a1250Owl & Night. 1477 Ȝef he is wurthful and aht man. 1297R. Glouc. 183 Al þe bachelerye, Þat aȝt was in þe lond. Ibid. 459 As godemen & aȝte. Ibid. 569 Auȝte men inowe. 1340Alex. & Dind. 936 Whan he is eldure of age · þat auht is his strenke. c1340Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 2215 If any wyȝe oȝt wyl wynne hider fast.
C. adv. [The accusative of the n. used adverbially, as in ‘somewhat fresh,’ etc.] To any extent, in any degree, in any respect, ‘anything,’ at all.
c1205Lay. 7027 Ȝif heo wes awiht hende. c1300Beket 109 ‘If he me wolde spousi oȝt.’ c1340Cursor M. (Gött.) 3828 ‘Knau ȝe aut,’ he said, ‘laban?’ c1386Chaucer Can. Yem. Prol. 44 Can he ought telle a mery tale or tweye. a1460Townley Myst. 62 Or thay flytt oght far us fro. 1577Harrison England i. ii. xxiii. 353 When rain doth ought annoie them. 1659Fielder in Burton Diary (1828) IV. 129 It is against the order of your house to interpose aught. 1790Cowper Odyss. ii. 373 Neither wise Are they, nor just, nor aught suspect the doom. 1870Morris Earthly Par. I. i. 47 But none the glittering evil valued aught.
D. Comb. aughtways adv., any way, in any wise.
1878J. Thomson Plenip. Key 26 Let none be aughtways backward..To echo fervently this hymn of mine.
▪ III. aught
pa. tense of agan: see owe, ought.
▪ IV. aught(e
obs. and dial. form of eight. |