| 释义 |
▪ I. roll-call, n.|ˈrəʊlkɔːl|
[f. roll n.1 + call n.]
1. a. The act of calling over a list of the names of persons forming a military or other body, in order to ascertain who are present; the marking of such a list at a particular time. Also (U.S.), a calling over of a list of members of a legislative or similar body in order to ascertain how each wishes to vote on a particular measure.
1775Essex Inst. Hist. Coll. (1912) XLVIII. 61 This morning we went to rol col & then got our Brefust. 1777Ibid. (1877) XIII. 118 Ordered that the Hour for Roll Call be altered to Nine o'clock in the morning. 1802James Milit. Dict. s.v., On critical occasions, and in services that require promptitude and exertion, frequent roll-calls should be made. 1834H. Martineau Demerara ix. 124 There was no roll-call that night. 1883H. W. V. Stuart Egypt 3 Many of the poor fellows will never answer a roll call again. 1899Crockett Kit Kennedy 304 The professor of that class..was strict on roll-calls. 1902Ann. Rep. Amer. Hist. Assoc. 1901 I. 323 Except for the provision in the constitution there would have been no roll call on these votes. 1947Economist 27 Dec. 1047/1 The sponsors of ERP avoided a roll⁓call on the first vote in order to take one on the agreed Bill. 1955Times 4 Aug. 6/7 In foreign policy the President secured bipartisan support on nearly every occasion; in 32 Senate roll-calls the Democratic majority failed to agree with the Republican majority only once. 1972Computer & Humanities VI. 184 The data are placed on cards with one record holding the yea..or nay..votes of one congressman on every roll-call.
transf.1867Freeman Norm. Conq. (1877) I. 2 Wiped out of the roll call of nations. Ibid. 406 In the roll-call of his titles England held the first place.
b. attrib., as roll-call analysis, roll-call vote.
1860Q. Rev. Oct. 411 If the scapegrace of a public school is apt to lay the blame of his irreligion on his forced attendance on ‘roll-call’ chapels. 1899Westm. Gaz. 1 July 5/3 The ruling of the President in respect to a roll-call vote. 1950N.Y. Times 20 Apr. 1/6 The Senate adopted today, by a roll-call vote of 66 to 0, a resolution directing the Secretary of the Navy to confer appropriate posthumous decorations on the crew of the Privateer that presumably was shot down..over the Baltic sea. 1963Midwest Jrnl. Polit. Sci. VII. 156 (heading) A second look at the validity of roll-call analysis. 1970Computers & Humanities V. 8 Several embarked on similar scalogram excursions into roll-call analysis of collegial bodies, both with and without computers. 1970Internat. & Compar. Law Q. XIX. i. 68 On a vote by show of hands, the required two-thirds majority was not obtained, but a second (roll-call) vote was taken, and the retention of the reference..was confirmed. 1979Tucson (Arizona) Citizen 20 Sept. 2a/4 Rep. Robert Bauman, R-Md., said the House voted against the bill because it came on a roll call vote, which puts each member on record as either supporting or opposing the measure to which the pay raise was attached.
2. Mil. The signal summoning men to be present at the calling of the roll.
1890in Cent. Dict.
So ˈroll-calling.
1763Ann. Reg. 159 The soldiers,..immediately after roll calling,..assembled to a man. 1891Daily News 9 Nov. 3/1 The gathering of the five or six hundred children together in the morning for roll-calling and Bible-reading.
▪ II. ˈroll-call, v.
[f. the n.]
trans. To call the roll for (a group or body of persons). Also fig.
1928Daily Express 19 Mar. 12/2 The German officers were counted or ‘roll-called’ in their rooms to save them the trouble of having to assemble or fall in with the other prisoners. 1962V. Nabokov Pale Fire 55 But who can teach the thoughts we should roll-call When morning finds us marching to the wall? |