| 释义 |
rudimentary, a.|ruːdɪˈmɛntərɪ|
[f. rudiment n. + -ary1. Cf. F. rudimentaire.]
1. Pertaining to, connected with, the rudiments of knowledge.
1839Hallam Hist. Lit. II. i. 35 They..put the rudimentary study of the languages on a better footing. 1865Maffei Brigand Life II. 47 To declare publicly that it was not necessary to provide rudimentary instruction.
2. Of the nature of a rudiment; undeveloped, immature, imperfect; esp.a. Of organic structures.
1840E. Wilson Anat. Vade M. 9 At its middle is a rudimentary spinous process. 1851Richardson Geol. viii. 217 The digestive organs have an intestine and rudimentary gland. 1873Mivart Elem. Anat. vi. 216 The ‘perforated’ transverse processes of man's cervical vertebræ consist, in part, of rudimentary ribs.
b. Of immaterial things.
1846Grote Greece i. xx. II. 107 A scene in harmony with the rudimentary political fabric just described. 1865Tylor Early Hist. Man. iv. 75 A rudimentary form of word language. 1884F. Temple Relat. Relig. & Sci. ii. (1885) 59 To live by duty is in itself rudimentary religion.
c. Of states or conditions.
1851Woodward Mollusca i. 25 In the attached bivalves it..exists only in a rudimentary state. 1861Bentley Man. Bot. 417 The embryo..contains within itself in a rudimentary condition all the essential organs of a plant. 188019th Cent. Apr. 617 Reducing to a rudimentary condition the eyes of..fish and crustacea.
Hence rudiˈmentariness.
1899W. James Talks to Teachers (1904) 233 No modern person ought to be willing to live a day in such a state of rudimentariness and denudation. |