| 释义 |
▪ I. bein, a. and adv. Obs. except dial.|biːn|
Forms: 2–7 bene, 5–6 beene, (Sc.) beyne, beine, 8–9 bien, bein, 9 been.
[Of unknown derivation: the spellings bein, bien, are merely modern Sc. ways of writing been, the regular repr. of ME. bene; the latter rimed with words in ē, from OE. é or eo, but no OE. *bén, *béne, *beon is found or etymologically accounted for.
The phonetic history shows that the word cannot be connected with ON. beinn, to which, in its fig. sense of ‘hospitable,’ some have plausibly referred it; that word duly survives in north. Eng. as bain. Others have turned to the L. bene or Fr. bien well; but it is not intelligible how either of these could have been adopted in Eng. as an adjective, which appears to have been the earlier use of bene.]
A. adj.
†1. Pleasant, genial, kindly; ‘nice.’ (L. amœnus, almus, benignus.) Obs.
a1200Moral Ode 170 in E.E.P. (1862) 32 Læte we þe brode stret, & þe wei bene. c1325E.E. Allit. P. A. 110 Bonkez bene of beryl bryȝt. Ibid. C. 418 Þy bounte of de⁓bonerte & þy bene grace. c1340Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 2475 Gaweyn on blonk ful bene To the kynges burȝ buskez bolde. c1450Henryson Mor. Fab. 45 On sleepe I fell among the Bewes beene. 1513Douglas æneis vi. x. 108 In soft bene medois by clere strandis..Our habitatioun is. Ibid. vi. v. 36 Into sum benar realm and warm countre. Ibid. ix. xi. 41 Besyde the bene river Athesys.
2. Comfortable, comfortably furnished.
1533Bellenden Livy (1822) 401 Somer fowlis, quhilkis flies, als sone as hervist cummis, to sum bene hous or secrete hollis. a1560Rolland Crt. Venus ii. 130 Thair riche array, and thair habillement..So bene, so big, and so Auripotent. 1725A. Ramsay Gentle Sheph. i. i, Were your bien rooms as thinly stock'd as mine. a1805Macneill Poems (1844) 110 A bein house to bide in, a chaise for to ride in. 1816Scott Antiq. xlv, ‘This is a gey bein place, and it's a comfort to hae sic a corner to sit in.’ 1837Nicoll Poems (1843) 141 To make our bien but-house his chaumer.
3. a. Of persons: Comfortable, well-to-do, well off.
a1548Thrie Priests Peblis (1603) 78 Syne in ane Hal..He harbourit al his Burgessis rich and bene. 1603Philotus, He wantis na jewels, claith, nor waith, Bot is baith big & beine. 1784Burns Wks. III. 155 The great folk..that live sae bien an' snug. 1816Scott Old Mort. 58 ‘If we're no sae bein and comfortable as we were up yonder, yet life's life ony gate.’ 1830Galt Lawrie T. iv. i. (1849) 14 A mother-looking personage, not unlike a bein Scotch wife.
b. Of a horse: Well fed, lazy.
1847Mrs. Gaskell Sexton's Hero in Howitt's Jrnl. II. 151/1 The old mare..was a deal beener than she was in the morning.
¶4. In thieves' cant [perh. distinct from the prec., and immediately from L. bene or F. bien]: Good. bene bowse: good drink; hence bene-bowsie a.
1567Harman Caveat (1869) 59 Sell it out right, for bene bowse at their bowsing ken. 1609Dekker Lant. & Candle-Lt. Wks. 1885 III. 198 Cut benar whiddes [= speake better words]. 1621B. Jonson Gipsies Metam., You must be ben-bowsy, And sleepy and drowsy. 1622Fletcher Beggar's Bush iii. iii, I crown thy nab with a gage of bene-bowse. 1652Brome Jov. Crew. ii. Wks. 1873 III. 388 For all this bene Cribbing and Peck let us then Bowse a health to the Gentry Cofe of the Ken. Ibid. 391 This is Bien Bowse, this is Bien Bowse, Too little is my Skew. 1834New Dict. Canting Crew, Bene cove, a good fellow.
B. adv. Pleasantly, genially, kindly.
c1400Anturs Arth. vi, A lefe sale, Of box and of barbere byggyt ful bene. Ibid. xxix, Beten with besandus, and bocult ful bene. 1513Douglas æneis xiii. ix. 76 And full beyne [ed. 1553 bene] Tawcht thame to grub the wynis.
▪ II. † bein, v. Obs.|biːn|
[f. prec.]
To make ‘bein’; to furnish bounteously, to fill. (L. locupletare.)
c1450Henryson Mor. Fab. 55 Haruest heat, when Ceres that goddesse Her barnes beined hes with aboundance. |