| 释义 |
psychoˈsurgery
[f. psycho- + surgery.]
Brain surgery intended to alter the behaviour of patients with certain kinds of severe mental stress or disorder.
1936Q. Cumul. Index Medicus XIX. 249/1 First attempts at psychosurgery using leukotome; technic and results. 1938Jrnl. Nerv. & Mental Dis. LXXXVIII. 589 (heading) Psychosurgery. Effect on certain mental symptoms of surgical interruption of pathways in the frontal lobe. 1952Mettler & Candis in F. A. Mettler Psychosurgical Probl. xvi. 319 As a result of such adverse criticism practitioners of psychosurgery were forced to restrict the operative procedure to more rostral areas. 1973Nature 23 Mar. 222/3 Unlike the classical lobotomy operation,..psychosurgery now rarely involves actually cutting into the brain... Psychosurgery, which is designed to alter behaviour, is usually distinguished from the treatment of epilepsy and the removal of brain tumours. 1977M. Edelman Political Lang. iv. 58 Some psychiatrists..see political demonstrators or ghetto rioters as sick, calling for drugs or psychosurgery.
Hence psychoˈsurgical a.; also ˈpsychosurgeon, a surgeon specializing in psychosurgery.
1945Webster Add., Psychosurgeon. 1946Canad. Med. Assoc. Jrnl. LV. 435/1 In 1941 the research unit of the Toronto Psychiatric Hospital embarked upon the psychosurgical treatment of hopelessly mentally ill patients. 1949M. Clark Medicine on March v. 99 Summing up their ten years' work, the two psychosurgeons declared: ‘The results are sufficiently good to warrant the use of prefrontal lobotomy..for the relief of the very serious and chronic forms of mental disease.’ 1950[see leucotomy]. 1952B. Wolfe Limbo '90 (1953) xxii. 368 The phony rapist's phony premises become the premises of the psycho-surgeon's science. 1972Lancet 8 July 70/1 The modern psychosurgeon must be versatile enough to employ different operations for different symptom complexes. 1972M. Crichton Terminal Man. vi. 46 Computer scientists and neurobiologists had worked together for several years. From that association had come Form Q, and programs like George and Martha, and new psychosurgical techniques. |