| 释义 |
▪ I. rundle1|ˈrʌnd(ə)l|
Also 4–7 (9 dial.) rundel, 6–7 rundell, 9 dial. -all.
[var. of roundle. In senses 1 and 2 very common in the 17th cent.]
†1. A circle; a circular or annular form, appearance, or arrangement; a round. Obs.
In some cases approximating to sense 2.
c1305Pop. Treat. Sci. (Camden) 133 As me mai the mone i-seo while heo is nue riȝt, A lute rundel, as a sikel, me siȝth therof that liȝt. 1523[Coverdale] Old God (1534) O j b, Your hedde is well nere altogether shauen & smothe, a lytell garlonde & rundell onely beynge left. 1597Lyly Wom. in Moon i. i, Lastly the rundle of this Massiue earth, From vtmost face vnto the Centers point. 1611Speed Hist. Gt. Brit. ix. xxiv. §210 Which forced them..to gather themselues close into a rundell, their best and greatest Ships standing without. 1690Leybourn Curs. Math. 450 b, Saturn [is]..at other times represented with two Rundles adhering to each side. a1722Lisle Husb. (1752) 322 At the root of her horn she will put forth a rundle like a curled ring. a1843Southey Comm.-pl. Bk. Ser. ii. (1849) 474 The flat side [of the lute], where we use to carve a rose, or a rundle, to let the sound go inward.
Comb.1581T. Nuce Seneca's Octavia 175 The cyrcled world in rundel wyse ydight.
†b. A circular orbit. Obs.—1
1574Eden tr. Taisner's De Nat. Magnetis Ded., Euery of the Planettes are carried in their rundels or circles by course.
†c. A coil, curve, spiral. Obs.
1565Cooper Thesaurus s.v. Turbo, The rundell or windinge of a serpent. 1631Widdowes Nat. Philos. 63 The Jejunum beginneth where the Duodenum beginneth to turne into rundells.
†2. An object of a circular (or spherical) form.
1388Wyclif Exod. xxv. 33 Thre cuppis at the licnesse of a note..and litle rundelis togidere. 1611Cotgr., Tournet, a small turning rundle, or ring, in the mouth of a Bit, &c. 1669Sturmy Mariner's Mag. ii. vi. 67 This Instrument contains two Parts or Rundles..moving one upon the other. 1680Mackenzie Her. 99 The Collar..having thereunto pendent on a blew Rundle, the image of St. Andrew.
†b. = roundel 2 b. Obs.
1565Cooper Thesaurus, Orbis, a rundel to set dishes on for soilyng the table cloathe. 1611Cotgr., Esclisse, the Rundle, or Circlet put vnder a dish at Table.
†c. A round slice or paring; a small round cake. Obs.
1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts (1658) 326 Take a good great dock-root clean scraped, and cut thereof five little rundles or cakes to be used as followeth. 1611Cotgr., Trochisque, a little rundle, or cake, whereinto diuers medicinable things be reduced. c1700Kennett in MS. Lansd. 1033 fol. 331 Rundels, round pieces or parings, as the rundels of an apple or an onion, &c.
d. A circular enclosure or field. Now dial.
1577–87Holinshed Chron. I. 22/1 The maior bestoweth a costlie dinner within a mote or a rundell, and both the shiriffs within another. 1895Rye E. Angl. Gloss., Rundle, Rundall, or Roundle, a round field or marsh, or a field that lies round..a person's property or house.
3. = roundel 3.
1591Garrard's Art Warre 210 Carrying light Venetian rundels and targets on their backes.
4. Her. = roundel 5 b.
1562Legh Armory (1597) 86 Whether are Rundels of all such colours, as ye haue spoken of here before? or shal they be named Rundels of those colours? 1592W. Wyrley Armorie, Ld. Chandos 86 Those rundels in the loftie chiefe do stand In sable bordure deepely ingreled. 1661Morgan Sph. Gentry i. ii. 17 As the Ring hath no end, no more hath the Ball or Rundle. 1704J. Harris Lex. Techn. I, Rundles,..a Word used in Heraldry.
†5. Bot. A whorl, verticil, umbel. Obs.
1578Lyte Dodoens 269 The floures..do grow in spokie tuffets or rundels at the top of the stalkes. 1597Gerarde Herbal 914 There stande at the top tufts or spoked rundles. 1676Ray Flora 41 The Verginian Martagon..hath stalks set with small sharp-pointed whitish-green leaves in rundles. 1682Wheler Journ. Greece vi. 452 The Branches also grow at small distances in rundles, round the Body, like the Fir-Trees. c1700Dampier's Voy. (1729) III. 438 Its Burs grow in Rundles. 1784Twamley Dairying Exemp. 116 Water-hemlock—with rundles or flower branches opposite the leaves. 1807J. E. Smith Phys. Bot. 236 An Umbel, for which some authors retain the obsolete..name of Rundle.
attrib.c1700Dampier's Voy. (1729) III. 455 Rundle Plantain. Because it bears its Flowers in Whorles.
6. a. A rung of a ladder. Now rare or Obs.
1565Cooper Thesaurus s.v. Scala, To beare a ladder on his shoulders and put out his heade betweene the rundels. 1686W. de Britaine Hum. Prud. 200 Confidence..is the Scale and Rundle by which many climb up to the Pinnacle. 1856G. H. Boker Anne Boleyn iii. ii, You and I..Had climbed the rundles of a slippery ladder.
b. A cylinder or roller of wood; spec. one of the bars in a lantern-wheel.
1565Cooper Thesaurus, Magis, a kneadinge trough; also a rundell that they vse to kneade with. 1611Florio, Rotoloni, rundles or rowlers of wood. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 2634 Trundle, a pair of round disks united by round bars or rundles which act as teeth. Ibid. 1252.
c. A solid wheel or barrel.
1611Florio, Raggij, the shiuers or rundles of a pullie. 1615R. Brathwait Strappado (1878) 64 He had a wit at will: Running like the rundell of a blind horse-mill. 1648Wilkins Math. Magic i. vi. 37 It consists of an axis or cylinder, having a rundle about it, wherein there are fastned divers spokes. 1728Chambers Cycl., Pulley,..a little Wheel, or Rundle, having a Channel around it, and turning on an Axis. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. 586 Rundle, that part of a capstan round which the messenger is wound, including the drum-head.
†7. An umbrella; = roundel 3 c. Obs.
1677–8in J. T. Wheeler Madras III. 438 Rundells shall not be worne by any men in this Towne, without the Governours permission. 1680in Yule & Burnell Hobson-Jobson (1886) 850 A Rundell to be carried over him, in respect to the memory of Verona.
8. dial. A pollard tree.
Possibly an alteration of runnel n.2
a1697Aubrey Wilts. (Halliw.), The little rundels in shrowdes, which are come to their full growth (which will be about eighteen yeares). 1839Sir G. C. Lewis Gloss. Hereford, Rundle, a hollow pollard tree. 1879G. F. Jackson Skropsh. Word-bk. s.v., These pollards are usually spoken of as ‘old rundels’, because for many years oaks have not been polled.
▪ II. ˈrundle2 Now dial.
Also 6–7 rundel.
[var. runnel n.1 For the intrusive d cf. rindle n.]
A small stream or rivulet.
1587Harrison Descr. Brit. xi. in Holinshed 45 An infinit sort of small streames, brookes, beckes, waters, and rundels. 1600Surflet Countrie Farme ii. lxi. 403 Let their place of abode be neere some small brooke.., and this rundle must haue by the edges stones or boughes of trees for the bees to light vpon. 1650in Trans. R. Hist. Soc. (N.S.) XIV. 32 A great dike..with a little rundle of water running in the middle of it. 1651tr. De-las-Coveras' Don Fenise 58 There was a little rundle betwixt them which stayed the course of Marcell. 1877–86in Cheshire glossaries.
▪ III. † ˈrundle3 Obs. rare.
Also 5 roundeles, rundelis, 6 ronnelles, 7 runnell.
[var. of rendles.]
Rennet. Also attrib.
c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 21 Riȝt as þe roundeles of chese haþ bi him-silf wei of worchinge.., & riȝt as þe rundelis & þe mylk maken a chese. 1530Palsgr. 177 The ronnelles suche as chese is made with. 1611Cotgr., Gallion,..also, the hearbe Cheese-runnell. 1758Mrs. Delany Life & Corr. (1861) III. 474 The plant you call Runnet or Rundle grass... She thinks it is the jagged spearwort. |