| 释义 |
▪ I. rutter1|ˈrʌtə(r)|
Also 6 ruter, 9 ruttier.
[a. MDu. rutter, var. of ruter, ruyter (Du. ruiter ruiter, whence G. reuter), ad. OF. routier, routeur: see router n.1 Cf. med.L. rut(t)arius rutar, and (M)Sw. ryttare, Da. rytter.]
1. A cavalry soldier (esp. a German one), of the kind employed in the wars of the 16th and 17th centuries. Now arch.
1506Paston Lett. III. 405 Thyse to the rutters of the spers. 1523Ld. Berners tr. Froiss. I. cccxlvii. 551 There he assembled a great nombre of such rutters, englisshe, gascons, bretons, almayns. 1592Kyd Sol. & Pers. i. iii, You are a Rutter borne in Germanie. 1630R. Johnson's Kingd. & Commw. 148 An Army..amounting all to ten thousand horse. To which he might adde three or foure thousand German Rutters. 1654Earl of Monmouth tr. Bentivoglio's Wars Flanders 206 Mustering a considerable strength of Foot..together with a good number of Rutters. 1865Kingsley Herew. xxi, He and his troop of Angevine ruttiers had fought like tigers by William's side at Hastings.
†b. Used with allusion to the dress or manners of such persons; hence, a gay cavalier, a dashing gallant. Cf. router n.1 2. Obs.
a1500H. Medwall Nature (Brandl) i. 1078 Whan he is in suche aray, There goth a rutter, men wyll say, a rutter huf a galand. 1526Skelton Magnyf. 762 Howe sayst thou, man? am not I a ioly rutter? 1567–9Jewel Def. Apol. (1611) 360 Zuinglius was a godly Preacher, and no Rutter.
comb.1603Knolles Hist. Turks (1621) 832 The high Dutch attired in blacke, with..long breeches little lesse than Rutter wise.
†2. One of a party of swindlers (see quot.). Obs.
1591Greene Conny Catch. To Rdr., Four persons were required to perfourm their coosning commodity. The taker⁓vp, the Verser, the Barnard and the Rutter. Ibid., Then standeth the Rutter at the doore.
▪ II. ˈrutter2
Also ritter.
[f. rut v.2, rit v.1+ -er1.]
A spade for cutting or slitting peat turf.
1877[see rit v.1 1 b]. 1923Chambers's Jrnl. 12 May 370/1 The rutter is a two-handed spade, the blade heart-shaped and sharp. 1975Times 27 Aug. 8/5 A curved rutter is used for cutting the [peat] turf, a long-handled spade or flaughter for removing it.
▪ III. ˈrutter3 N. Amer.
[f. rut n.2 or rut v.4 + -er1.]
A kind of plough used by lumberjacks for making tracks for sleighs.
1969L. G. Sorden Lumberjack Lingo 100 Rutter, a form of plow for cutting ruts in an iced logging road for the runners of a sleigh. It was often combined with a snowplow. The roads were sprinkled with water from the water tank and frozen to make ice roads. 1972Islander (Victoria, B.C.) 19 Nov. 4/3 The lumbermen had a unique system of hauling logs. In early fall, while the ground was still soft, they would build a rutter. Using the front bob of a wide logging sleigh, a small V-shaped plow was welded to the point of each sleigh runner. Then the sleigh bob was taken to the top of the proposed logging road, turned around, and twin tracks were then plowed eight inches deep and six inches wide down to the main camp.
▪ IV. rutter
obs. form of ruttier. |