| 释义 |
‖ régie|reʒi|
Also with capital initial.
[Fr., f. régir to rule.]
In France and certain other countries: a government department that administers a state-controlled industry or service; formerly esp., one responsible for taxation, customs and excise, etc.; a government monopoly used as a means of taxation, esp. the tobacco monopoly in the former Turkish Empire. Also attrib.
1791Ld. Gower in Despatches Earl Gower (1885) 61 The 4th [article of a decree] allows tobacco in leaves to be stored, for a year, in the ware-houses of the Régie. 1879Encycl. Brit. IX. 738/1 Unfortunately, he [sc. Frederick the Great] adopted the French ideas of excise, and the French methods of imposing and collecting taxes,—a system known as the Regie. 1883Pall Mall Gaz. 9 May 5/1 The Turkish tobacco régie..is designed to include a company having the exclusive right of preparing tobacco for home consumption and of selling it to the public. 1884Ibid. 5 Sept. 6/2 Ladies..smoke the strong régie cigar with evident enjoyment. 1890Athenæum 11 Oct. 474/3 All the frequenters of a country inn [in France]..consume the tobacco of the régie. 1923Glasgow Herald 26 Feb. 10 The exploitation of the railways of the Ruhr and the Rhineland by a Franco-Belgian ‘regie’ is believed to have been decided. 1929W. Ray tr. Hegemann's Frederick the Great 122 The King indeed was thoroughly well satisfied with his Régie escapades... The patient Prussians had barely two more years to wait before death came to rid them of their great king, the extortions of the French Régie, [etc.]. 1958G. T. Matthews Royal Gen. Farms 18th Cent. France i. ii. 43 Prior to 1548 the various salt taxes and commercial concessions constituting the grandes gabelles were partly farmed to individual tax-farmers and partly managed by government régies. 1964Ridley & Blondel Public Administration in France ii. vii. 181 Finally we come to the revenue or, as the French call them, fiscal divisions. Until recently there were four more or less autonomous services (or régies). These had remained virtually unchanged since the Revolution and corresponded roughly to the main sources of state revenue: direct taxes, indirect taxes, customs duties, and registration fees, stamp duties and the national domain... After the war it was decided that the four régies should be transformed into two divisions of the ministry. Ibid. x. 239 Traditionally there were two ways of organizing a public service, the régie and the concession; the former operated by a government department or a local authority, the latter on contractual terms by private enterprise. 1977S. J. & E. K. Shaw Hist. Ottoman Empire & Mod. Turkey II. iii. 233 In 1883 the Public Debt Commission turned the tobacco monopoly over to a private German-French company called the Régie cointéressée de tabacs de l'Empire Ottoman, which paid a fixed annual fee..in return and then divided the profits with the Ottoman treasury. The Régie had the sole right to buy and process all tobacco sold in the empire and regulate its cultivation... The tobacco..was stored in the Régie warehouses. |