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▪ I. Sabbatian, n.1|sæˈbeɪʃɪən|
[f. Sabbati-us (see below) + -an.]
A member of a sect founded by Sabbatius (originally a convert from Judaism), who seceded from the Novatianists before 380, having adopted Quartodeciman views.
1708–22Bingham Orig. Eccles. xx. iii. §5 The Marcianists..kept the Sabbath also a fast. So did also the Sabbatians, Lampetians [etc.]. 1727–41Chambers Cycl. s.v., The Sabbatians are recorded by ecclesiastical historians, as having a great abhorrence of the left-hand. 1882–3Schaff's Encycl. Relig. Knowl. III. 2090 By his followers, the Sabbatians, he was honored as a martyr.
▪ II. Sabbatian, a. and n.2|sæˈbeɪʃɪən|
[f. *Sabbatius (mod.L. form of Shabbethai: see Sabbathaism) + -an.]
A. adj. Pertaining to Sabbathaism.
1892tr. Grätz's Hist. Jews V. 151 The Sabbatian mystics. 1941G. G. Scholem Major Trends in Jewish Mysticism viii. 284 The swift rise and the sudden collapse of the Sabbatian movement in 1665 and 1666, from Sabbatai Zevi's proclamation of his messianic mission to his renunciation of Judaism. 1974Times Lit. Suppl. 20 Sept. 1024/5 The seventeenth-century mystical Messiah, Sabbatai Sevi (1626–1676), and the Sabbatian heresy named after him.
B. n. A believer in Sabbathaism.
1892tr. Grätz's Hist. Jews V. 159 At Venice..a quarrel broke out between the Sabbatians and their opponents. 1974Encycl. Brit. Micropædia IX. 99/1 A sect of Muslim Sabbatians—the Dönme of Salonika—survived him [sc. Shabbetai Tzevi]. 1977N.Y. Rev. Bks. 14 Apr. 27/1 The antinomian energies of the Sabbatians..did in fact feed the subsequent currents of enlightenment and reform in Western Europe.
Hence Saˈbbatianism = Sabbathaism.
1892tr. Grätz's Hist. Jews V. Index, Sabbatianism, revival of, v. 219. 1898Zangwill Dreamers Ghetto vi. 205 Sabbatianism did not play much part in my early life. 1941G. G. Scholem Major Trends in Jewish Mysticism viii. 297 Sabbatianism as a movement was long identified with its more extreme, antinomian and nihilistic aspects. 1977N.Y. Rev. Bks. 14 Apr. 28/1 The way was thus prepared for the mighty swell of Sabbatianism. |