| 释义 |
sadness|ˈsædnɪs|
[-ness.]
The condition or quality of being sad.
†1. Firmness, hardness, solidity. Obs.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. iii. xvii, The fyfþe is sadnesse and þiknesse of þe þinge þat is sen [L. soliditas sive densitas rei visæ]. c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 90 Þou schalt knowe by reednes & sadnesse of fleisch þat is wiþinne þe festre al aboute. c1420Pallad. on Husb. vi. 152 When hit [cheese] is wel confourmed to sadnesse. c1485Cath. Angl. 515/1 A Sadnes, solidamen, soliditas. 1577–87Harrison England ii. xxii. 212/2 If you respect the sadnes therof, it doth proue in the end to be verie hollow & not able to hold out water. Ibid. 214/1 Which moulds wanting their due sadnesse are now turned into moorie plots.
†2. Seriousness, soberness, staidness; gravity of mind or demeanour. Obs.
c1315Shoreham 7 Sacram. 1428 For ȝeres Ne makeþ so nauȝt þane prest ald, Ac sadnesse of maneres. c1386Chaucer Merch. T. 347 Another stant so in the peples grace ffor hire sadnesse, and hire benygnytee. 1451J. Capgrave Life St. Aug. (E.E.T.S.) 20 A bord on whech þei vsed to pleye certeyn games to refresch with þe sadnesse of her study. 1495N. Riding Rec. (N.S.) I. 127 We trustyng in youre pollicie, sadness, wisdome, and discrecion. c1515Cocke Lorelles B. 13 They banysshed prayer, peas, and sadnes; And toke with them myrthe, sporte, and gladnes. 1593Shakes. 3 Hen. VI, iii. ii. 77 But mightie Lord, this merry inclination Accords not with the sadnesse of my suit. 1611Speed Hist. Gt. Brit. ix. xix. (1632) 928 Other persons of approued sadnesse, prudence, pollicy and experience.
†b. Phr. in sadness, in good or sober sadness: in earnest, not joking. Obs.
1544R. Ascham Toxoph. i. (Arb.) 102 But in good sadnesse Toxophile thus you se. a1553Udall Roister D. iv. iii. (Arb.) 61, I haue nought to them, nor they to me in sadnesse. 1593Nashe Strange Newes Wks. (Grosart) II. 245 Thou hast borrowed aboue twenty phrases and epithites from mee, which is sober sadnesse thou makst vse of as thy owne. c1610Middleton, etc. Widow v. i. 228 Pray, in sadness, say, that is the gentleman? 1696S. Sewall Diary 13 Oct. (1878) I. 435 Seem'd to be in good sober sadness. 1705Vanbrugh Confederacy iii. ii, In serious sadness. 1708S. Centlivre Busy Body i. i, In sober sadness she cannot abide 'em.
†3. Dignity, importance. Obs.
1494Fabyan Chron. vi. clix. 149 The sayd Lewys..causyd them to vse and were browne, and sad colours, accordynge to theyr honours and sadnes.
†4. Steadfastness, constancy; firmness of faith.
1377Langl. P. Pl. B. vii. 150 Catoun and canonistres conceilleth vs to leue To sette sadnesse in songewarie, for sompnia ne cures. 1382Wyclif Coloss. ii. 5 The sadnesse of that ȝoure bileue that is in Crist. ― 2 Pet. iii. 17 Lest ȝe..falle awey fro ȝoure owne sadnesse [Vulg. a propria firmitate]. 1426Lydg. De Guil. Pilgr. 11177 But yiff he hadde ffeet off led, In gret sadnesse to endure. a1529Skelton Dyuers Balettys iii. 17 Saphyre of sadnes, en⁓uayned wyth indy blew.
5. Sorrowfulness, mournfulness.
1500–20Dunbar Poems xxiii. 13 Seik to solace quhen sadnes the assailis. 1588Shakes. L.L.L. i. ii. 7 How canst thou part sadnesse and melancholy my tender Iuuenall? 1611Bible Eccl. vii. 3 By the sadnesse of the countenance the heart is made better. 1667Milton P.L. x. 23 Dim sadness did not spare That time Celestial visages. 1707Floyer Physic. Pulse-Watch 409 In a malignant Fever from Heat, there is a Delirium, Fluxes, Sadness. 1784Cowper Task v. 464 Thy clime..disposes much All hearts to sadness. 1847Tennyson Princess vii. 14 Sadness on the soul of Ida fell.
b. A condition of sorrowfulness.
1602Shakes. Ham. ii. ii. 147 [He] Fell into a Sadnesse. a1631Donne Serm. xlv. 450 To blow away and scatter these sadnesses with a false, an illusory, and a sinfull comfort. 1737L. Clarke Hist. Bible (1740) II. v. 96 After this he thunders out woes and sadnesses against their impieties. 1818Byron Juan i. lxxii, She look'd a sadness sweeter than her smile.
c. Gloomy appearance.
1849Ruskin Sev. Lamps iii. §xii. 76 The architect not being able to secure always the same depth or decision of shadow, nor to add to its sadness by colour. |