| 释义 |
▪ I. † ˈscapple, n. Obs.
Also scaple.
Anglicized form of scapula.
1578Banister Hist. Man i. 2 Some great bones haue no manifest hollownes, as the..Scapple bones. Ibid. 25 b marg., The shoulder blades or scaple bones. Ibid., The vse of y⊇ cartilage in y⊇ vniting of the shoulder to the scaple.
▪ II. scapple, v.|ˈskæp(ə)l|
Forms: (4 ? scorpil), 5–7 scaple, 8 scappel, 9– scapple. See also scabble v., scalp v.3
[Aphetic a. OF. escapeler, eschapeler to dress timber.]
trans. To reduce the faces of (a block of stone; † in 15th c. also of timber) to a plane surface without working them smooth.
1443Contract in Willis & Clark Cambridge (1886) I. 386, xvj fote of Seuerant table scapled with poynts. 1479W. Waynflete ibid. 410 He..shalle dygge and reyse and scaple the best stone yn the same quarrey. 1587Holinshed Chron. III. 1538/1 And there was for this purpose alreadie perfectlie hewed of the same stone seuen thousand foot, and six thousand foot more was scapled. 1665J. Webb Stone-Heng 88 They [many of the upright Stones] were scapled at the Quarries. 1793Smeaton Edystone L. §113 The best way to get our stone rough scappelled, nearly to the shape I required. 1842Civil Engin. & Arch. Jrnl. V. 320/1 The face stones should be roughly squared on the beds and joints, or what is called in the North ‘scappled’ to the form of the curve. 1845Parker Gloss. Archit. (ed. 4), Scapple,..the term is now used exclusively (or nearly so) in reference to stone, but was formerly applied to timber also, and must have signified the barking of a tree, or, more probably, squaring it with the axe. 1849E. Dobson Masonry & Stonecutting 89 The block being roughly scappled to its shape. 1904Griffiths 50 Years Public Life xxii. 333 His brother, in a Portland Quarry, scappling a block of stone, presents a family likeness.
Hence ˈscappled ppl. a. ˈscappling vbl. n., the action of the vb. (also attrib.); in dialectal use concr. in pl., fragments of stone chipped off in scappling.
Also scapple-dress v. trans., in the same sense.
[1399in Fabric Rolls York Minster (Surtees) 15 Pro scorpillyng lapidum.] 1473–4in Swayne Sarum Churchw. Acc. (1896) 15 Item in hewinge and scapelynge of j elme viij d. 1793Smeaton Edystone L. §107 The stone..had always been shipped off in..what is called rough scappelled blocks; to be sawn and fair wrought to the particular purposes, where wanted. 1890Archæol. Jrnl. XLVII. 162 Of the tools it is clear the scappling hammer and small axe were the chief.
1840Civil Engin. & Arch. Jrnl. III. 30/1 All the front stones of the foundation were laid with a lewis of this kind, as well as the backing of squared stones, which were previously scapple-dressed at the quarry. |