| 释义 |
▪ I. scarf, n.1|skɑːf|
Pl. scarfs, scarves. Forms: 6–7 scarfe, scarff(e, scarph(e, skarf(e, 7 skarffe, 6– scarf.
[Of obscure history; not recorded before the middle of the 16th c., but prob. a. ONF. escarpe = Central OF. escharpe, mod.F. écharpe sash, sling for a wounded arm, etc. (whence It. sciarpa, ciarpa, Sp. charpa, G. schärpe, MDu. scharpe, and mod.Du. sjerp), prob. the same word as OF. escharpe, escarpe, esquerpe, escreppe, etc., a pilgrim's scrip suspended from the neck; of Teut. origin: cf. ON. skreppa scrip n.1
The more normal form scarp is found (almost as early as scarf) in the heraldic sense 5 a; possibly, though unrecorded, it may have been the original Eng. form in all senses. It is noteworthy that all the words of the form scarp have variants with f: for the change of final p into f after liquids cf. scalp n.2 Various Ger. dialects have scherf(e, scharfe (whence Russian sharf) for the literary Ger. schärpe, but this coincidence with Eng. seems to be merely accidental.
The original plural form scarfs has never gone out of use; but from the beginning of the 18th c. the form scarves (on the analogy of halves, etc.) has been common, and in London commercial use it appeared to have become universal in the early 20th c. No other n. of other than native origin had this change of f into v in the plural.]
1. A broad band of silk or other material, worn (chiefly by soldiers or officials) either diagonally across the body from one shoulder to the opposite hip, or round the waist; = sash n.1 2.
The purpose of the military ‘scarf’ or ‘sash’ is now merely decorative or significant of rank or the like. Originally, it served for carrying things, and some references to this use occur in the early quots. below.
1555[? alluded to in quot. for sense 2]. 1566Painter Pal. Pleas. I. 51 His wife Panthea brought him an armure of golde,..and a crimsen skarfe. 1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. iv. xiii. 126 b, The target..hee carryed in a scarfe about his shoulders. 1594Nashe Unfort. Trav. 20 Flourishing entred Iohn Leiden the Botcher into the field, with a scarffe made of lysts like a bow-case. 1599Shakes. Much Ado ii. i. 198 What fashion will you weare the Garland off?..vnder your arme, like a Lieutenants scarfe? 1644Symonds Diary (Camden) 41 A man in compleate coloured armour and scarfe. 1660F. Brooke tr. Le Blanc's Trav. 350 The men wear apparel of Deer-skins.., one arm uncovered, and so they wear their garment like a scarf. 1660Tatham Roy. Oak 2 Eight other Gentlemen carrying Banners in Plush Coats, and Skye coloured Scarffs about their Shoulders. 1689Lond. Gaz. No. 2445/4 Lost.., an Officers Scarf with four gold Fringes round the Wast, set on Crimson Silk, and a very deep Fringe at each end. 1732Pope Ess. Man ii. 279 Scarfs, garters, gold, amuse his riper age. 1762–71H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Paint. (1786) V. 130 Cromwell, half-length in armour, page tying his scarf. 1823Scott Quentin D. ii, Over his left shoulder hung an embroidered scarf, which sustained a small pouch of scarlet velvet. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. xiii. iii, Municipality and Mayor have on their scarfs. 1874Motley Barneveld I. ii. 126 Forty-eight pages in white, yellow, and red scarves. 1902L. S. Amery War S. Africa II. 189 Their colonel..had led waving his silk scarf to his men.
2. Eccl. A band of silk or other material worn round the neck, with the two ends pendent from the shoulders in front, as a part of clerical costume. In the 18th c. spec. the scarf worn by a nobleman's chaplain (cf. quot. 1866); hence, a chaplaincy.
1555Lady Vane Let. to Philpot in Foxe A. & M. (1583) 1829/1, I will supply your request for the Scarfe yee wrote of, that ye may present my handy worke before your Captayne. 1555Philpot Let. to Lady Vane 10 Dec. ibid. 1837/2 You haue so armed me to the Lordes battell both inwardly and outwardly... You haue appointed me to so good and gracious a General of the field,..that [etc.]... The Scarffe I desire as an outward signe to shew our enemies. 1710Swift Jrnl. to Stella 11 Dec., I dined with Mrs. Vanhomrigh, to desire them to buy me a scarf; and lady Abercorn is to buy me another, to see who does best; mine is all in rags. 1712Budgell Spect. No. 539 ⁋3, I yesterday heard a young Gentleman, that look'd as if he was just come to the Town, and a Scarf, upon Evil-speaking. 1738Mrs. Delany Life & Corr. (1861) II. 35 The Duke of Portland is very sorry not to be able to grant a scarf to our acquaintance—his are all filled up. 1844Life C'tess Huntingdon I. 132 The excellent Lady Huntingdon..invited him to her house.., gave him her scarf, and as her chaplain, he continued long to preach to the poor in her kitchen unmolested. 1866Direct. Anglic. (ed. 3) 359 Scarf worn by Chaplains; it is made of silk of the colour of the nobleman's livery to whom the cleric is chaplain... The Black Scarf is worn over the Gown by Doctors in Divinity, Cathedral Dignitaries and Bishops' Chaplains. 1903Church Times 11 Dec. 748/4 A deacon is entitled, like any other clergyman, to wear the broad black tippet, or scarf, over his surplice.
3. a. A broad strip of silk, gauze, or other fine material, worn hung loosely over the shoulders or otherwise as an ornamental accessory to the costume.
1562J. Heywood Prov. & Epigr. Bb j b, When do mothers fray their babes most from duggis. When they put on blacke scrafs [sic], and go like beare buggis. 1583Greene Mamillia ii. Wks. (Grosart) II. 220 Needlesse noughts, as crisps and scarphes worne Alla Morisco. 1583Stubbes Anat. Abuses i. G j b, Then must they haue their silk scarffes cast about their faces, & fluttering in the winde with great tassels at euery end, either of gold, siluer or silk. 1592Marlowe Massacre Paris i. A 7 b, They that shalbe actors in this Massacre Shall..tye white linnen scarfes about their armes. 1600Rowlands Lett. Humours Blood xxvii. 33 Why in the Stop-throate fashion doth he go, With Scarfe about his necke? Hat without band? 1601Shakes. Jul. C. i. ii. 289 Marcellus and Flauius, for pulling Scarffes of Cæsars Images, are put to silence. 1624Skelton's E. Rummyng Prol. 82 Scarfs, feathers, and swords, And thin bodkin-beards. 1631Heywood Fair Maid of West i. Wks. 1874 II. 264 Trickt in skarffe and feather. 1713Lond. Gaz. No. 5173/4 A black Gause Scarf;..a blue Lustring-Scarf with a Gause Body. 1748Richardson Clarissa (1811) IV. xlii. 282 What a pretty show they will make, with their white hoods, white gowns, white petticoats, white scarves! 1766Lond. Mag. July 335 The new thing called a Scarf, with its depending tassels, looks so much like an advertisement that if the place of abode was added, there is no doubt, but that it would draw in custom. 1837Dickens Pickw. iv, Two young ladies in scarfs and feathers. 1859Tennyson Marr. Geraint 169 A purple scarf at either end whereof There swung an apple of the purest gold Sway'd round about him. 1863Geo. Eliot Romola Introd., His..cap, with its..long hanging strip of drapery, to serve as a scarf in case of need. 1887Bowen Virg. æneid iv. 138 Dressed in a Tyrian scarf with a fringe of broidery gay.
†b. used as a bandage for the eyes, or a veil.
1587Golding De Mornay xx. (1617) 349 His [God's] spiritual nature, which we cannot possibly comprehend, but as it were through a glasse, or a scarfe. 1611Chapman May Day Plays 1873 II. 349 My assurance is that Cupid will take the scarfe from his owne eyes and hoodwinke the old buzzard. 1642R. Carpenter Experience ii. vii. 170 And if anything slip under the rehearsall it is to be a scarff over the face, and to shew, the griefe could not be expressed. a1656Bp. Hall Rem. Wks. (1660) 232 They have but a maske or scarfe over their faces.
c. transf. and fig.
1610Shakes. Temp. iv. i. 82 And with each end of thy blew bowe do'st crowne My boskie acres, and my vnshrubd downe, Rich scarph to my proud earth. 1614Drummond of Hawthornden Poems (1616) F j, Among the lesser Lights as is the Moone, Blushing through Scarfe of Clouds on Latmos Mountaine. 1822Shelley Triumph 357 Still before me on the dusky grass, Iris her many-coloured scarf had drawn. 1867A. J. Wilson Vashti xxvii, The moon had risen slowly, breaking through a rent scarf of cloud that barred her solemn, white disc. 1880Stevenson Across the Plains ii. (1892) 89 The fogs are in possession of the lower levels; they crawl in scarves among the sandhills.
d. spec. The scarf of black crape or silk worn over the shoulder by mourners at funerals.
1739Will in Payne Engl. Cath. (1889) 53 No scarves, gloves, nor hat-bands. 1842Tennyson Morte d'Arthur 194 A dusky barge, Dark as a funeral scarf from stem to stern. 1850G. J. French Tippets 8 note, The modern custom of wearing at funerals both a hatband and a scarf over the shoulder, curiously marks the extravagance which has crept into such ceremonies.
e. A band of warm and soft material worn round the neck in cold weather; = comforter 6.
1823C. Mathews Let. 17 Feb. in A. Mathews Mem. C. Mathews (1839) III. 368 And also two scarfs, I think they are called. 1844Mrs. Gaugain Knitting, etc. II. Accomp. 37 Warm Crochet Scarf. Worked in eight-ply Berlin wool.
f. A necktie or cravat that more or less covers the bosom of the shirt.
1865Morley Mod. Characteristics 79 Gorgeous scarves which have been long superseded by white ties. 1886Pascoe Lond. of To-day (ed. 3) xli. 355 Most gentlemen are now content with the made-up scarves of all sizes, colours, and materials, which [etc.].
†4. A sling for an ailing limb. Obs.
1597A. M. tr. Guillemeau's Fr. Chirurg. 29/2 He must weare his arme before on his breste in a scarfe. 1600Shakes. A.Y.L. v. ii. 23 Oh my deere Orlando, how it greeues me to see thee weare thy heart in a scarfe. c1645Howell Lett. (1650) I. 260 Lesly..carried his foot in a scarf for a wound he had received at Buckstobo. 1656Ridgley Pract. Physick 165 The arm must be carried in a Scarf. 1828Scott F.M. Perth xxi, His wounded arm was supported by a scarf, or sling of crimson silk.
5. Her.
a. = scarp n.1
1688Holme Armoury i. 30/1 He beareth Argent, a Scarpe Purpure, of some termed a Scarf. 1738Chambers Cycl. (ed. 2) s.v. Bend-sinister, The bend-sinister is subdivided into the scarf, or scarp, and the battoon. 1823–4Encycl. Metrop. (1845) XV. 431 The Bend sinister consists of similar lines drawn in an opposite direction from the sinister chief to the dexter base of the shield. Its diminutive is the scarf occupying one half of its breadth.
b. = banderole 2.
1780Edmondson Her. II. Gloss., Scarf, a small ecclesiastical banner, hanging down from the top of a crosier.
†6. A scroll or plate bearing an inscription.
1655Fuller Ch. Hist. xi. x. §49 The Vault thus prepared, a scarfe of lead was provided some two foot long,..therein to make an inscription.
7. attrib. and Comb., as scarf-end, scarf-maker, scarf-tie, scarf-veil; scarf-like adj. and adv.; scarf cloak, a light narrow cloak or tippet; scarf-loom, a loom for weaving figured fabrics of moderate breadth (Knight Dict. Mech. 1875); † scarf-man, a clergyman of rank entitling him to wear a scarf; † scarf-officer, an officer who is entitled to wear a scarf; scarf-pin, a pin for fastening a scarf, or worn for ornament in a scarf (sense 3 f); scarf-ring, a ring for holding a scarf (sense 3 f) in position.
1804Jackson's Oxford Jrnl. 4 Aug. 2/3 *Scarf cloaks of leno or worked muslin over coloured silks, are universally worn.
1868G. M. Hopkins Note-bks. & Papers (1937) 115 Fine afternoon with snow-white flying *scarf-ends in the clouds.
1611Cotgr., Escharpeux,..*scarfe-like. 1852Meanderings of Memory I. 109 Scarf-like and ethereally slight. 1874Boutell Arms & Armour iv. 67 Suspended from a baudrick, or scarf-like shoulder-belt, this sword reached from the hollow of the back to about the middle of the thigh.
1725Lond. Gaz. No. 6403/4 Anne Howard,..*Scarf-maker.
1711P. H. Impartial View of 2 late Parlts. 23 The inferior Priests and Deacons, and all under the Degree of *Scarf Men were made to understand.
1710–11Addison Spect. No. 21 ⁋2 We may divide the Clergy into Generals, Field-Officers, and Subalterns. Among the first we may reckon Bishops, Deans, and Arch-Deacons. Among the second are Doctors of Divinity, Prebendaries, and all that wear Scarfs... It is found that there has been a great Exceeding of late Years in the Second Division, several Brevets having been granted for the converting of Subalterns into *Scarf-Officers.
1859Habits of Gd. Society iii. (new ed.) 142 A *scarf-pin which is neither large nor showy.
1922Joyce Ulysses 440 In an oatmeal sporting suit.., tony buff shirt, shepherd's plaid Saint Andrew's cross *scarftie. 1976Billings (Montana) Gaz. 16 June 9-c/5 (Advt.), This dress is a breeze—buttons up one side to the flutter of a scarf tie.
1907Westm. Gaz. 12 Dec. 4/3 A useful *scarf-veil.
Add:[3.] [a.] Also, a square piece of material worn tied (usu. folded) round the head; = square n. 10 e.
1917Harrods Gen. Catal. 1420 (caption) Chiffon Motor Scarf, wide hem-stitched border..in all the latest shades. 4/6. 1959Encounter Oct. 32/2 A voile scarf tied babushka-style. 1978J. Morris Oxford ii. ii. 15 Despondent women look in with Paisley scarves on their heads, on their way to scrub floors or clean office desks. 1988N. Lowndes Chekago iv. 184 Marina looks silly in that pill-box hat... Why couldn't she have worn a scarf?
▪ II. scarf, n.2|skɑːf|
Also 5 scarffe, 6 skarfe, 8 scarfe, 8–9 scarph, 9 skerf.
[Words of related form and identical meaning (chiefly belonging to the nautical vocabulary) are found in several mod. langs., but recorded much later than in English: F. écart (:—*escarf) a scarf, vbl. noun from écarver (:—*escarver) to scarf; Sp. escarba, Pg. escarva a scarf; Du. scherf a scarf, verscherven (whence G. verscherben) to scarf; Sw. skarf, Norw. skarv piece added to lengthen a board or a garment, also the joint or seam by which this is effected; Sw. skarfva, Norw. skarva, skjerva to lengthen by joining or sewing on an additional piece (Da. has in this sense skarre, the relation of which to the Sw. form is obscure).
The relation of these words to each other and to the English n. and vb. is uncertain. The fact that the Sw. words are not, like those in the other langs., exclusively technical, but have a wider meaning, seems to afford a slight presumption in favour of Scandinavian as the ultimate source. But even assuming this, it remains doubtful whether the Eng. n. comes from Sw. (or some other Scandinavian dialect) directly or through the medium of OF. *escarf.
The Sw. skarf has commonly been referred to the Teut. root *skerƀ-, skarƀ-, represented by OE. scearfian (= OHG. scarpôn, G. scharben) to cut into shreds, OE. sceorfan str. vb., to gnaw, bite, scarify, Du. scherf (= OHG. scirbi, G. scherbe) potsherd; but affinity in meaning seems wanting.]
1. a. Carpentry and Shipbuilding. A joint by which two timbers are connected longitudinally into a continuous piece, the ends being halved, notched, or cut away so as to fit into each other with mutual overlapping.
1497[see scarf-timber in 3]. c1580H. Smith in Hakluyt's Voy. (1599) I. 453 Wee haled aground to stoppe a leake, which we found to be in the skarfe afore. 1626Capt. Smith Accid. Yng. Seamen 8 Next your Nauell timbers, and bind them all with sixe foote Skarfe at the least. 1691T. H[ale] Acc. New Invent. 47 The Scarfs of her Keel and Stern. 1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1780) s.v. Apron, The scarf thereof should be at some distance from that of the stern. 1779Barnard in Phil. Trans. LXX. 108 Pl. 3, Beams of Fir 12 inches square, put across in halves, with 12 feet scarph. 1823P. Nicholson Pract. Builder 280 In each piece of timber to be joined, the parts of the joints that come in contact are called scarfs. 1842Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. V. 362/1 The scarf of the poles is shown in Fig. 3. 1889Welch Text Bk. Naval Archit. viii. 109 The ends of these planks are supported on the frames, adjacent ones being formed into a scarph.
†b. Shipbuilding. The overlapping of adjacent timbers in a ship's frame, in order to secure continuity of strength at the joints. Phrase, to give scarf. Obs.
1711W. Sutherland Shipbuild. Assist. 39 Let the Top⁓timber be placed..that they may give Scarf to the Port⁓holes. 1769[see scarf v.2 1 b]. 1797Encycl. Brit. XVII. 379/2 These represent the length and scarf of the several timbers in the midship frame. c1850Rudim. Nav. (Weale) 141 The lower..riders..fay alongside the floor riders, and give scarph above them.
2. Metal-working. (See quots.)
1843Holtzapffel Turning, etc. I. 220 In smith's work likewise, the joinings are called scarfs... The scarfs required for the shut, are made by first upsetting or thickening the iron... It is next rudely tapered off. 1875Knight Dict. Mech., Scarf, the flattened or chamfered edges of iron prepared for welding. 1884C. G. W. Lock Workshop Rec. Ser. iii. 297/2 The point of the scarf is farthest into the fire.
3. Comb.: scarf-joint = senses 1 and 2; hence scarf-jointing, the process of joining timbers by means of a scarf; † scarf-timber, timber in short lengths for scarfing; scarf-weld (see quot.).
1791Smeaton Edystone L. §252 The four stones..were..to be united to each other by Hook-*Scarf-Joints. 1851–4Cycl. Useful Arts (ed. Tomlinson) I. 329 The common scarf joint is made by merely halving each piece of timber for a certain length, and then bolting or strapping the two pieces together. 1919S. F. Walker Electr. Mining Machinery xx. 154 A scarf joint is..good if it is well made and very carefully bound. 1948F. Wightman Wind is Free ii. 33 It had to be hoisted with a block & tackle on sheerpoles to bring it up to where its scarph joint fitted into the one cut on the forward end of the keel timber.
1907Proc. Soc. Antiq. 14 Feb. 349 The method of construction is that known technically as *scarf-jointing.
1497Naval Acc. Hen. VII (1896) 312 Certeyn *Scarffe Tymbre price—viijs vjd.
1882Ogilvie, *Scarf-weld, a peculiar joint made in welding two pieces of metal, as iron, together.
▪ III. † scarf, n.3 Mil.
[Alteration of scarp n.]
= scarp n.2
1591Percivall Sp. Dict., Coraxa entre dos muros, a scarfe between wals, Musculus. 1598Barret Theor. Warres v. i. 126 These Caualleres..haue also their Scarphe or Alambor [Sp. alambor declivity of a ditch]. 1603Court Roll in Athenæum 21 Nov. (1885) 668/3 Euerie man shall make vpe sufficiently all the Scarfes betwixt the milne & Restone Inges betwene this & Christmas next. 1645Enchir. Fortif. 6 The Talud, or Scarfe, of the outside of the Rampart. 1656Earl of Monmouth tr. Boccalini's Advts. fr. Parnass. ii. xlii. 297 Ditches, Ravelins, Scarfes, & Counter-scarfes.
▪ IV. scarf, n.4 Orkney and Shetland dial.|skɑːf|
Also 7, 9, scarfe, 9 scarff; and see scart.
[a. ON. skarf-r, Norw., Sw. skarf.]
A cormorant or a shag.
1668F. Jessop in Philos. Lett. Ray (1718) 38, I have procured the Skin of a great Bird which he that gave it me call'd a Scarfe. a1693Urquhart's Rabelais iii. xiii. 107 The sussing of Kitnings, clamring of Scarfes, whimpring of Fullmarts. 1744Preston Zetland in Phil. Trans. XLIII. 61 (2) Whaps, Toists,..Plovers, Scarfs, &c. 1805G. Barry Orkney Isl. 300 The Shag (pelecanus graculus), so well known by the name of Scarf, is very frequently seen. Ibid., The Cormorant..our great Scarf, is a species not so numerous as the former. 1868D. Gorrie Summers & Winters in Orkneys v. 153 A lazy scarff here and there raised himself up at length over the surface.
▪ V. scarf, n.5|skɑːf|
[Prob. f. scarf n.2]
1. Whaling A longitudinal cut made in a whale's body.
1851H. Melville Whale II. xxv. 181 As the blubber in one strip uniformly peels off along the line called the ‘scarf’. 1874C. M. Scammon Marine Mammals 63 (Cent.) A scarf is cut along the body and through the blubber, to which one end of a tackle is hooked.
2. Forestry. A V-shaped incision cut in a trunk during felling, to govern the direction in which the tree is to fall; also, the sloping surface left by such an incision.
18638th Ann. Rep. Maine Board Agric. 36 The bark of the stock opposite the scarf with a thin sliver of wood is cut down. 1887J. D. Billings Hardtack & Coffee (1888) 180 When an army first went into camp trees were cut with the scarf two or three feet above the ground. 1903R. J. Clow Pillar of Salt iii. 55 It meant a bit of work to cut down a tree seven feet in diameter... Stello cut in the inside scarf and I put in the back chip. 1926K. S. Prichard Working Bullocks xxxii. 296 Half-dozen men..stood on their rough-barked logs... The scarf showed ruddy as a wound in the logs. 1962J. N. Winburne Dict. Agric. & Allied Terminology 673/1 Scarf,..the beveled cut on a log or stump which results from undercutting a tree in felling.
▪ VI. scarf, n.6|skɑːf|
U.S. slang var. scoff n.2
1932Evening Sun (Baltimore) 9 Dec. 31/5 Scarf, food. 1944D. Burley Orig. Handbk. Harlem Jive 81 ‘Pick up on the scoff, cherub.’.. The ‘scoff’ or ‘scarf’ in the above simple statement is dinner food, meals. 1961Rigney & Smith Real Bohemia p. xvi, Scarf, food; eat, believed to have come from a French chef, Scarfannelli. 1973L. Snelling Heresy ii. iv. 89 How's for a bit of scarf, my tummy's anguished.
▪ VII. scarf, v.1|skɑːf|
Also 7 scarfe, skarfe, 9 skarf.
[f. scarf n.1]
1. trans. To clothe, cover, or wrap with or as with a scarf or scarves; to invest with a scarf; † to blindfold.
1598Bp. Hall Sat. iv. vi. 46 The sturdy Plough-man doth the soldier see, All scarfed with pide colours to the knee. 1613Heywood Brazen Age ii. ii. C 3, Why doth Adonis..shun this Iuory girdle of my armes? To be thus scarft the dreadfull God of warre Would giue me conquered kingdomes. 1632Sir T. Hawkins tr. Mathieu's Unhappy Prosperitie 95 Claudius caused that of Augustus to be taken from the Theater of the Gladiators, that it might not ever be present at murther, or be alwayes scarfed. a1640J. Day Peregr. Schol. (1881) 48 Slitely shadowed or scarft with a thin tinsell or Tirean vaile. 1805Southey Madoc ii. xix, Bare Of foot, of limb, scarfed only round the loins. 1849M. Arnold Resignation 5 Warriors..Scarf'd with the cross. 1894Du Maurier Trilby vi. (1895) 280 Our three friends..duly scarfed and scarfpinned [etc.].
b. transf. and fig.
1605Shakes. Macb. iii. ii. 47 Come, seeling Night, Skarfe vp the tender Eye of pittifull Day. 1630Drummond of Hawthornden Flowres of Sion 18 Scarff'd in a rosie Cloud, Hee doth ascend the Aire. c1640Rowley, etc. Witch of Edmonton ii. ii, Blushing Adonis scarft in modesties. 1814Cary Dante, Hell xxxiii. 92 Others skarf'd in rugged folds of ice. 1876Farrar Marlb. Serm. xxxi. 309 The great sun is still shining, though it be scarfed by earthly vapours. 1897F. Thompson New Poems 112 Who scarfed her with the morning?
2. To wrap (a garment) about or around a person in the manner of a scarf. Also transf. rare.
1602Shakes. Ham. v. ii. 13 Vp from my cabin My sea⁓gowne scarft about me in the darke, Grop'd I to finde out them. 1613Heywood Silver Age iii. I. 3 b, My fingers Il'e intangle in these curles, And scarfe my Iuory arme about thy necke. 1795Southey Joan of Arc ix. 256 On the earth the chieftain slept, His mantle scarft around him. 1807― Espriella's Lett. II. 252 They..had a large mantle of gray checquered cloth scarft round them.
†3. To bind up (wounds) with, or as with a scarf; ? to place (a limb) in a sling. Obs.
1601Bp. W. Barlow Defence 161 Wee scarifie them, we scarfe them not. 1605A. Wotton Answ. late Popish Articles 25 Let them shift themselues, as they list, and skarfe their soares, according to their fancies. 1643Trapp Comm. Gen. xliv. 1 Had it been fit for him to scarfe their bones before they were set.
▪ VIII. scarf, v.2|skɑːf|
Also 7 scarfe, scarff, skarf, 8– scarph.
[f. scarf n.2]
1. a. trans. To join by a scarf-joint.
1627Capt. Smith Seaman's Gram. ii. 3 Those are skarfed into the ground timbers. 1643Horn & Rob. Gate Lang. Unl. xlviii. §530 The Joyner plaineth plankes..he skarfeth and ioyneth them close with culver-tailes. 1704J. Harris Lex. Techn. I. s.v., Thus they say the Stem of a Ship is Scarfed into her Keel; and they imply by it, That the two Peices are shaped away slanting, so as to join with one another close and even. 1791Smeaton Edystone L. §42 Timbers, properly scarphed together. 1841Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. IV. 285/1 Tye-beams..were formed almost wholly of short lengths, averaging not more than 20 feet, lapped and scarfed. 1850Longfellow Building Ship 137 The keel of oak for a noble ship, Scarfed and bolted. 1860Encycl. Brit. (ed. 8) XX. 186/1 The several pieces are scarphed together. 1976Yankee Apr. 109/1 He forced me to scarph the keel timbers in watertight sections.
b. (See quot.)
1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1776) s.v. Scarf, But when the ends of the two pieces [of timber] are cut square, and put together, they are said to butt to one another; and when another piece is laid upon, and fastened to both, as in the case in all frame timbers, this is called scarfing the timbers; and half the piece which fastens the two timbers together is reckoned the length of the scarf.
2. Metal-working. To bevel or flatten (the ends or edges of the pieces of metal to be welded).
1831J. Holland Manuf. Metal I. 188 The extremities of each bar are scarfed. 1861Fairbairn Iron 211 Mr. Bertram scarfs the edges of the plates, places them together [etc.]. 1884C. G. W. Lock Workshop Rec. Ser. iii. 303/1 Scarf it for welding.
3. intr. To be joined with a scarf. Const. to.
1794Rigging & Seamanship I. 35 The inner end of the boom, to which it scarfs with a tongue. 1860Encycl. Brit. (ed. 8) XX. 185/2 The foremost end of the keelson scarphs to the stemson.
▪ IX. scarf, v.3|skɑːf|
[f. scarf n.5]
1. trans. Whaling. To make a ‘scarf’ or incision in the blubber of (a whale). Also absol.
1851H. Melville Whale II. xxv. 182 The heavers singing, the blubber-room gentlemen coiling, the mates scarfing, the ship straining, and all hands swearing occasionally. 1887Goode, etc. Fisheries U.S. v. II. 278/1 The second mate ‘scarfs’, or cuts the body blubber.
2. N.Z. Forestry. To cut a scarf in (timber). Also back-scarf, belly-scarf (see quot. 1928). Cf. scarf n.5
1899J. Bell Shadow of Bush xiv. 83 The smaller trees..had been ‘scarfed’, or cut partly through in readiness, and skilfully, so that each, when struck, might again in its turn strike and bring down another. 1904‘G. B. Lancaster’ Sons o' Men 164 He..scarfed the timber for the saw. 1928P. T. Kenway Pioneering in Poverty Bay v. 38 He will ‘belly-scarf’ and ‘back-scarf’ the lot, that is to say he will cut about a third through on both the lower and higher sides.
▪ X. scarf, v.4|skɑːf|
U.S. slang var. scoff v.2 1. Also absol. and const. up and down.
1960R. G. Reisner Jazz Titans 164 Scarf, eat. 1968C. Armstrong Balloon Man viii. 98 They don't want to faint from hunger, so..they scarf up what they call a bite before they go. 1974Black World June 77/1 King Dust would sit there, ‘scarfing’, as he called it, in silence. 1975High Times Dec. 80/3, I can pick jimsonweed and chop it up and scarf it down as well as the next guy. 1976R. Condon Whisper of Axe ii. xviii. 265 Let's..scarf up some of that osso bucco. |