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▪ I. scarify, v.1|ˈskærɪfaɪ|
Also 6–8 scarrify.
[a. F. scarifier (13–14th c. in Hatz.-Darm.), ad. late L. scarīficāre, altered form of scarīfāre to scarify, ad. Gr. σκαρῑϕᾶσθαι, recorded in the senses ‘to scratch an outline, sketch lightly, to do anything slightly or slovenly’ (L. & Sc.), f. σκάρῑϕ-ος pencil, stylus.]
1. a. trans. (chiefly Surg.) To make a number of scratches or slight incisions in (a portion of the body, a wound). Hence gen., to cover with scratches.
1541R. Copland Galyen's Terap. F iv, Yf it appere pale,..it must be scarified and made to blede. 1582Stanyhurst æneis ii. (Arb.) 43 You me byd, O Princesse, to scarrify a festered old soare. 1601Holland Pliny xxxii. vii. II. 440 Divers..with foure..teeth of this serpent, scarifie the gums of the upper chaw, in case the teeth therein doe ake. 1604R. Cawdrey Table Alph., Scarifie, to launce, or open a sore. 1662Evelyn Chalcogr. 19 By Insculping, Scarrifying, and making a kind of Incision into it. 1749Fielding Tom Jones ii. ix, The captain..had his veins scarified. 1751Smollett Per. Pic. xxxix. (1779) II. 28 Fixing her nails in his antagonist's face, she scarified all one side of his nose. 1788Gibbon Decl. & F. lv. V. 552 They shaved their hair, and scarified their faces. 1865Lubbock Preh. Times xiii. (1878) 459 The body was scarified in horizontal bands. 1876Trans. Clin. Soc. IX. 169 These places were accordingly scarified under the ether spray. 1908H. D. Rolleston Dis. Liver 118 The local pain..[should be] relieved by cold applications, poultices, scarifying the skin [etc.].
transf.1861Geo. Eliot Silas M. xi. 198 If I offend her, she's sure to scarify my throat with black pepper the next day.
b. fig. To make sore, wound. Also, in mod. use, to subject to merciless criticism.
1582Stanyhurst æneis ii. (Arb.) 55 Theese woords theyre valiant courradge dooe scarrifye deeply. 1714Spect. No. 595 ⁋6 You have Quartered all the foul Language upon me, that could be raked out of..Billingsgate, without knowing..whether I deserve to be Cupped and Scarified at this rate. 1721(title) Medicina Flagellata, or the Doctor scarify'd. 1844Disraeli Coningsby i. ii, There..he..cut up a rising genius..or scarified some unhappy wretch. 1884West. Morn. News 13 Sept. 4/4 Next week he will be heard at Northampton, whither he goes to scarify the Tories.
c. transf. (? Associated with scar n.) To cover with scars, to scar.
1687Lond. Gaz. No. 2271/4 A Chesnut Gelding.., scarrified with the Farcie in both his hind Legs. 1697Ibid. No. 3318/4 A Bay Nag with the near Flank a little Scarrified with some former hurt. 1862Dana Man. Geol. 540 Mount Monadnock..is scarified from top to bottom on its northern and western sides.
¶d. App. misused for: To anoint (a wound).
1596Warner Alb. Eng. ix. xlix. (1612) 226 Which had scarrifide our wounds, if wounded, with the Balme Of her sweete Presence. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts 78 Then scarifie the wound with that oyntment, till it be wrought in.
2. To make incisions in the bark of (a tree).
c1440Pallad. on Husb. iv. 601 The turgent trunk let scarifie, That humour effluent out of hit hie. 1658tr. Porta's Nat. Magic iii. xvii. 98 Boring the stock, or scarrifying it round about. 1824Loudon Encycl. Garden. §7455 As the trees get old..or infected with canker,..or rottenness, they are scarified. 1856Olmsted Slave States 326 Every tree..was scarified for turpentine. 1887A. Brassey Last Voy. xiii. (1889) 300 The vineyards [Australia]..were not in their best looks, having only just been scarified, as the process is called. It means cutting off the branches and reducing the vines to small and ugly bushes, destitute of leaves at this season.
3. a. Agric. To break up or loosen (ground) with a scarifier. b. Road-making. (Cf. quot. 1817 and scarifier 4.)
1805R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. I. 21 Instruments..for scarifying and stirring the earth between the rows of drilled crops. Ibid. 468 Scarifying the corn, first operation. 1817in Repert. Arts, etc. XXXII. 132 Secondly, a harrow, which is intended to scarify the uneven parts of any road, leaving it even after the operation, previous to the use of the great roller. 1893Jrnl. R. Agric. Soc. Dec. 822 Scarify or cultivate the stubble as soon as possible.
absol.1829Glover's Hist. Derby I. 196 Skerrify [sic] and harrow two or three times over each field.
Hence ˈscarifying vbl. n.; ˈscarifyingly adv.1
1533Elyot Cast. Helthe (1541) 53 b, Letting of bloude, scarifieng callid cupping, sweating, &c. 1667Decay Chr. Piety Pref. §10 It being too probable that this is Gods last experiment upon us, like the causticks and scarifyings to a lethargic patient. 1783Cullen First Lines Physic §ccxcv. Wks. 1827 II. 32 To draw blood..by cupping and scarifying. 1865W. White Eastern England xvi. 222 The engine..is ready for ploughing, scarifying or drain-cutting. In working the scarifier, the large iron pully is anchored on the edge of the ditch. 1880Jefferies Hodge & M. II. 74 He contracts to do their ploughing and scarifying at so much per acre. 1921D. Canfield Brimming Cup ii. xi. 182 How scarifyingly he would laugh at me.
attrib.1599A. M. tr. Gabelhouer's Bk. Physicke 363/2 Scarifye the skinne of the tumor with scarifyinge instrumentes. 1865Morn. Star 15 Mar., To try whether the scarifying process may not do more to bring South Carolina back to the Union than [etc.].
▪ II. scarify, v.2 slang (orig. dial.).|ˈskɛərɪfaɪ|
Also scarrify.
[Irreg. f. scare v. + -ify, perh. after terrify v.]
trans. To scare, frighten; to terrify.
1794A. Thomas Newfoundland Jrnl. (1968) 107 If a Clergyman was to make his appearance in his Canonical Robes at one of the Outharbours I have little doubt but the Weomen and Children would be scarified out of part of their senses. 1897G. Ford Larramys xxxii. 231 Vine rider! Scarify mos' volks to death, 'er wüd, I reckon. 1901‘A. Forbes’ Odd Fish 149 It will be more likely to scarrify 'er if I tells 'er nigh twelve o'clock. 1961‘F. O'Brien’ Hard Life vii. 53 You want to scarify the divils in the town of Kinnegad? 1966New Statesman 14 Jan. 51/3 There are almost forgotten casualties like disinterested and jejune and scarify (which was once used to mean to wound, not as a smart synonym for to scare).
Hence ˈscarified ppl. a.2, ˈscarifying ppl. a.; ˈscarifyingly adv.2
1895Meredith Amazing Marriage II. xxix. 330 Here I'm like a cannon for defending the house, needs be, and all inside flies off scarified. 1916M. Webb Golden Arrow iv. 26 Fixing a scarifying gaze on the truant. 1924N. Coward Rat Trap i. 12, I suppose it's silly nerves, but to be on the brink of a great happiness is a scarifying feeling. 1963Times 13 June 16/7 A comic role (scarifyingly overdone). 1973Times 17 Jan. 17/5, I would support the comparison with a historical rationale which may be deeply disturbing, even scarifying, but it is certainly not motivated by sensationalism or propaganda. |