| 释义 |
▪ I. ‖ schout
(skaʊt, in Du. sxout)
Also 5–6 scoute, 6 scowte, 7–9 scout.
[Du. schout, MDu. schout, schoutet, schoutheet, corresponding to OS. sculthêto (Essen Gl.), MLG. schultête, schulte (mod.LG. schulte), OE. sculthéta (Corpus Gl.), scyldhǽta, -háta, OFris. skeldata, skelta, OHG. scultheiȥo, -heizo (MHG. schultheiȥe, -heitze, mod.G. schultheiss, schulz, schulze):—OTeut. type *skuldi-, skuldohaiton-, -tjon-, f. *skuldi-z, skuldā obligation, duty, + *hait- to command (see hight v.). Cf. med.L. scultetus.]
A municipal or administrative officer in the Low Countries and in Dutch colonies.
Originally the schout was the lord's bailiff in a subject town or village. In later use the functions and status of the officers so named have varied according to time and place as widely as have those of the English bailiff, the term sometimes denoting a municipal dignitary of high rank, and sometimes a mere police officer.
c1481Caxton Dialogues 43 Bayllyes, scoutes, Some of the skepyns, Ryde with. a1500Arnolde's Chron. (1811) 230 We late you weten in beryng witnesse and certifiyng for troueth that y⊇ day of the date of these presentis before oure scoute and vs and appered thesse persones. 1533J. Coke in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. ii. II. 44, I resorted to the Scowte, borowmaisters, and skepyns of the said towne of Barowe. 1617Moryson Itin. iii. 285 Ten Judges of criminall causes (vulgarly called Skout). 1670Temple Let. to Sir J. Trevor 15 Aug., Wks. 1720 II. 233 They said the Magistrates did not know the Man, nor any of their Officers. But if I could send some body that did to the Town-house, they would send their Scout with him to execute what I desired. 1673― Obs. United Prov. ii. 82 The Scout, who takes care of the Peace, seizes all Criminals, and sees the Sentences of Justice executed, and whose Authority is like that of a Sheriff in a County with us, or a Constable in a Parish. 1809[see schepen]. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., Schout, a water-bailiff in many northern European ports, who superintends the police for seamen.
▪ II. schout
obs. form of scout n.3 |