| 释义 |
▪ I. broil, n.1|brɔɪl|
Forms: 6 breull, bruill, 6–7 broyl(e, broile, 8–9 Sc. brulyie, -zie, 6– broil.
[app. f. broil v.2: cf. It broglio ‘hurlie burlie, confusion, mingle mangle’ (Florio); the F. brouille is mod. and from the verb.]
1. A confused disturbance, tumult, or turmoil; a quarrel. See also brulyie.
1525Ld. Berners Froiss. II. 140 (R.) We shall make a great breull in Englande. 1548Hall Chron. (1809) 272 The Erle of Warwickes faccion intendyng to set a bruill in the countrey. 1571R. Ascham Scholem. (Arb.) 158 In the middes[t] of the broyle betwixt Cæsar and Pompeie. 1591Shakes. 1 Hen. VI, i. i. 53 Prosper this Realme, keepe it from Ciuill Broyles. 1664H. More Myst. Iniq. 439 Filling the Empire with intestine Broils. 1797T. Jefferson Writ. (1859) IV. 173 Plunging us in all the broils of the European nations. 1813Scott Rokeby iii. xxiii, Foremost he fought in every broil. 1876Green Short Hist. iii. §4 (1882) 130 A tavern row between scholar and townsman widens into a general broil.
†b. to set in broil, on a broil. Obs.
1577Holinshed Chron. I. 73/1 The greeuous danger of setting things in broile. Ibid. IV. 204 To set things in broil..within this hir realme of England. 1603Knolles Hist. Turkes (1621) 839 That warre, which would set all Europe on a broile.
2. Comb., as broil-maker.
1561Stow Chron. an. 1104 (R.) Letting out the broyle-maker into France.
▪ II. broil, n.2|brɔɪl|
Also 6 broyle, 9 bruil.
[f. broil v.1]
1. A broiling, a great heat; a very hot state.
1583Babington Commandm. vii. 295 What broyles of scorching lust soever the minde abideth. 1821Mrs. Wheeler Cumbld. Dial. App. 8 My het bluid, my heart aw' in a bruil, Nor callar blasts can wear, nor drops can cuil.
2. Broiled meat; a grilled chop or steak.
1822W. Kitchiner Cook's Orac. iv. 107 The Fat..dropping into the fire..will spoil the Broil. 1861Hughes Tom Brown Oxf. I. iii. 45 Go and get me a broil from the kitchen.
3. Comb., as † broil-iron = broiling-iron.
1567Wills & Inv. N.C. (1860) II. 266 One broule-Iron, vij speights, iiij pair of pottclipps.
▪ III. broil, n.3, bryle Min. (Cornwall.)|brɔɪl, braɪl|
Loose fragments, often of a metallic nature, found lying on the surface above a vein or lode.
1778Pryce Min. Cornub. 125 Upon the top of most Tin Lodes..is that mineralized substance, which is called the Broil or Bryle of the Lode. 1818W. Phillips Min. & Geol. (ed. 3) 210 Loose fragments or portions of earthy or stony substances, having generally more or less of an ochreous tinge..called the ‘bryle of the load’. 1839H. T. De la Beche Rep. Geol. Cornwall xv. 528 The upper part of a lode is usually now termed the broil, or bryle. 1859Forfar Pentowan v, Sometimes we do discover the lode by a broil.
▪ IV. broil, v.1|brɔɪl|
Forms: 4 Sc. brulȝe, broilye, 4–6 brule, 5 broille, brolyyn, broylyn, broyll, 5–6 broyle, bruyle, broile, 6 brooyle, 6–7 broyl, 6– broil.
[Of uncertain origin and history: the form brule, which is not infrequent before 1500, appears to be the F. brûle-r to burn (in OF. also bruller); but it is very doubtful what relation this brule bears to the general form bruyle, broyle; they may be distinct words, or brule may be a conscious assimilation to the F. bruler. The form bruyle, and Sc. brulȝe, appear to be the OF. bruillir found in Godef. in the intrans. sense of ‘broil, burn’ (bruillir de soleil); bruyle would become broyle, broil.]
†1. trans. To burn, to char with fire. Obs.
1375Barbour Bruce iv. 151 Assalit Within with fyre, that thame sa brulȝeit. c1375? ― St. Georgis 456 He gert brandis of fyre [til hyme] bynde, To brule it wes lewit behynde. c1440Promp. Parv. 53 Brolyyn or broylyn, ustulo, ustillo, torreo. a1450Knt. de la Tour (1868) 49 Ye shalle..be broiled and brent, and sinke in the pitte of helle. 1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 280/3 That he myght be brente and bruyled. c1500Partenay 2289 Ther paynymes were bruled and brend entire. a1533Frith Disput. Purgatory (1829) 115 He putteth them not away for broiling in purgatory. 1568H. Charteris Pref. Lyndesay's Wks. iij b, To bruyle and scald quha sa euer suld speik aganis thame.
2. spec. To cook (meat) by placing it on the fire, or on a gridiron over it; to grill.
c1386Chaucer Prol. 383 He cowde roste, sethe, broille, and frie..and wel bake a pye. 1483Cath. Angl. 45 Brule, assare. 1598B. Jonson Ev. Man Hum. i. iv. 12 The first red herring that was broyld in Adam and Eves kitchen. 1653Walton Angler 57 Broil him [chub] upon wood-cole or char-cole. 1769Mrs. Raffald Eng. Housekpr. (1778) 71 To broil Mutton Steaks. 1835W. Irving Tour Prairies 117 An evening banquet of venison..roasted, or broiled on the coals. 1853Arab. Nts. (Rtldg.) 621 Our gridiron is only fit to broil small fish.
3. To scorch; to make very hot, to heat.
1634Rainbow Labour (1635) 18 Let not his hot pursuit broyle him in an ægyptian furnace. 1718Lady M. W. Montague Lett. II. xlix. 64, I was..half broiled in the sun. 1818Byron Juan i. lxiii, That..sun..will keep..broiling, burning on. 1858Hawthorne Fr. & It. Jrnls. I. 268 We turned back, much broiled in the hot sun.
4. intr. To be subjected to great heat, to be very hot. (Mainly in to be broiling, for to be a-broiling.)
1613Shakes. Hen. VIII, iv. i. 56 God saue you Sir, Where haue you bin broiling? Among the crow'd i'th' Abbey. 1642H. More Song of Soul ii. iii. iv. xxxii, One of a multitude of myriads Shall not be sav'd but broyl in scorching wo? 1748Smollett Rod. Rand. vii. (1804) 34 Before your age I was broiling on the coast of Guinea. 1883Leisure Ho. 148/1 Don't keep us broiling here for ever!
b. intr. To grow hot; esp. fig. to become heated with excitement, anger, etc. ? Obs.
1561T. Norton tr. Calvin's Inst. iv. xx, If they [Magistrates] must punish..let them not broile with unappeaseable rigor. 1627P. Fletcher Locusts i. xxiv, Meantime (I burne, I broyle, I burst with spight). 1760Sterne Tr. Shandy II. v, He broil'd with impatience. 1817Byron Beppo lxix, Her female friends, with envy broiling, Beheld her airs and triumph.
c. Said of passion, emotion, etc.: To burn, glow, be ardent.
1600Newe Metamorph. (N.) Love broyled so Within his brest. 1709Steele Tatler No. 36 ⁋2 The secret Occasion of Envy broiled long in the Breast of Autumn.
▪ V. broil, v.2
Forms: 5–7 broyl, bruill, brooyl, 6–7 broile, broyle, 8 (Sc.) brulyie, 6– broil.
[a. F. brouille-r ‘to jumble, trouble, disorder, confound, marre by mingling together’ (Cotgr.), corresp. to It. brogliare to stir, disorder, embroil; cf. the It. n. broglio ‘hurlie burlie, confusion, mingle mangle’, etc. (Florio). Ulterior derivation uncertain: see Diez, Littré, Scheler.
Littré (like Diez) thinks the F. vb. identical with Pr. bruelhar, brolhar, Cat. brollar ‘to bud, rise up’, and connected with OF. bruill, broel, broil, mod.Fr. breuil, ‘an enclosed piece of brushwood, matted underwood, or cut bushes for animals,’ found in late L. in the Capit. de Villis (lucos nostros quos vulgus brugilos vocat), med.L. broilus, brolius, which is referred to the OCeltic brog-, brogi- territory, district (Thurneysen). But most etymologists doubt the connexion of brouiller with this.]
†1. trans. To mix or mingle confusedly. Obs.
1401Pol. Poems (1859) II. 61 Thou broylist up many lesynges, ffor grounde of thin ordre. 1631Heywood Engl. Eliz. (1641) 187 The abundance of bloud already spilt and broiled in the land.
†2. To involve in confusion or disorder; to agitate, discompose (a person); to ‘set by the ears’, embroil. Obs.
1513More Rich. III (1641) 405 He was sore moved and broyled with Melancolie and dolour. 1549Cheke Hurt Sedit. (1641) 16 Who..intende to broyle the Commonwealth with the flame of their treason [with an allusion to broil v.1]. 1585Jas. I. Ess. Poesie (Arb.) 21 To translate it well and best, where I haue bothe euill, and worst broyled it. 1642Bp. of Durham Presentm. Schismatic 4 Contentious ones..broyling the world in this manner.
3. intr. To be or to engage in a broil; to contend in a confused struggle, irregular fight or strife.
c1567Turberville After Misadv. Good Haps (R.) The barck that broylde in rough and churlish sease. 1592W. Wyrley Armorie 81 Couragious John of Gaunt Like Priams sonne strong broyling mid his foes. 1883Pall Mall G. 15 Oct. 4/1 He was always broiling with his chiefs, constantly in debt.
4. trans. To put into a broil, to embroil.
1857Heavysege Saul (1869) 243, I shall not hurry him, nor broil myself. |