| 释义 |
▪ I. budge, n.1|bʌdʒ|
Forms: 4 bugee, -eye, 5 boge, bogey, 6 bogy, bug(g)e, buggye, Sc. buge, 7 budg, 9 boodge, 6– budge.
[Etymology obscure; usually identified with budge n.3, bouge n.1, a leather bag; but the connexion of sense is not clear, and most of the early forms seem to indicate a dissyllabic etymon. If the original sense were ‘kid-skin with the hair’ (see quot. 1616), the OF. bouchet, bochet a kid, might be thought of; cf. ‘budge of court’ from F. bouche under bouge n.2]
1. A kind of fur, consisting of lamb's skin with the wool dressed outwards.
1382Pol. Poems (1859) I. 265 Somme frers beren peluse aboute..Al after that thai ere..For somme bugee, and for somme byse. 1395Determin. Feast in Rogers Agric. & Prices II. 647 De xxxix furruris pro capuciis de Bugeye. 1465Paston Lett. xcix. I. 134, Ij. gounes, one furryd with bogey. 1513Douglas æneis viii. Prol. 58 Byand byssely, and bane, buge, beuir and bice. 1532–3Act 24 Hen. VIII, xiii, No man, vnder the saide estates..shall weare any furre..except foynes, genets..and Bogy. c1570Thynne Pride & Lowl. (1841) 32 A gowne Of fine blacke cloth, and faced faire with budge. 1611Cotgr. s.v. Agneau, Blanche d'agneaux, the furre called, white Lambe, or, white Budge. 1616Bullokar, Budge, a furre of a kinde of kid in other countries. c1640J. Smyth Lives Berkeleys (1883) I. 305 Furred with Coney, lambskinne, and budge. 1721C. King Brit. Merch. I. 288 Budge and Goat Skins. a1859De Quincey Whiggism Wks. VI. 115 note, Budge is a species of fur.
2. attrib. and Comb., as in budge-face, budge-fur, budge-gown, budge-skin; budge-bachelor, one of a company dressed in gowns trimmed with budge, who took part in the procession on Lord Mayor's Day (see bachelor 2). (For budge-doctor, etc., see budge a.)
1466Mann. & Househ. Exp. 371 My mastyr bout of hym vj. boge scynnes prise iiij.s. 1526Skelton Magnyf. 1070 In the stede of a budge furre. 1599Marston Sco. Villanie iii. x. 222 Poore budge face, bowcase sleeue, but let him passe, Once furre and beard shall priuiledge an Asse. 1649Milton Observ. Art. Peace Wks. 1738 I. 355 To part freely with their own Budge-gowns. 1680T. Jordan London's Glory 13 In the Rear of them..hastens the Foins and Budge-Batchelors together with the Gentlemen-Ushers to Guild-Hall. 1706Phillips, Budge-Bachelers, a Company of poor old Men Cloath'd in long Gowns, lin'd with Lambs-furr, who attend upon the Lord Mayor of the City of London, during the Solemnity of the Publick Shew.
▪ II. † budge, n.2 Obs. rare—1.
Also 6 buge.
[a. OF. bouge ‘espèce de hache d'armes, ou plutôt une grande serpe’ Godef. See voulge.]
‘A kind of bill; a warlike instrument’ (Jamieson).
1513Douglas æneis xi. Prol. 16 Nane vther strokis nor wapynnis had thai thar, Nother speyr, buge, pol-ax, swerd, knyfe, nor mace [ed. 1553 has budgeis].
▪ III. † budge, n.3 Obs.
[Later spelling of bouge n.1, in sense 1. Cf. budget n.]
A leather bag.
1606Holland Sueton. 204 To the necke of another, there was tyed a lether-bagge..with this title..But thou hast deserved a verie lether budge [culeum] indeed.
▪ IV. † budge, n.4 Obs.
[? f. budge v.1]
A shove, a push.
1714T. Ellwood Autobiog. (1765) 60 As for the Budge I had had it given me often in the Street but understood not the meaning of it till now; and now I found it was a Jostle, enough to throw one almost upon his Nose.
▪ V. † budge, n.5 Obs. slang.
See quots. Also attrib.
1673R. Head Canting Acad. 95 The Budge..his employment is in the dark of the Evening, to go into any door that he seeth open, and..take whatever next cometh to hand. 1676Warning for Housekprs. (title), Budg and Snudg, File-lifter, Tongue-padder, The Private Theif. 1706Phillips, Budge, one that slips into a House, or Shop, to steal Cloaks, etc. 1751Fielding Amelia i. iii, You are some sneaking budge rascal.
▪ VI. budge, n.6
var. of bouge n.2, court rations.
▪ VII. † budge, a. Obs.
Also 7 bodge, budg.
[Etymology unknown: we may perhaps compare bug a., also bog a. boggish.
There appears to be a reference to the attrib. use of budge n.1, as in the first quot. Possibly budge doctor may have originally meant one who wore budge fur.]
1. Solemn in demeanour, important-looking, pompous, stiff, formal.
1634Milton Comus 707 Those budge doctors of the Stoic fur. 1640Brome Sparagus Gard. iv. v, I ha no more to zay t'yee, since you be so budge. 1676Marvell Gen. Councils Wks. 1875 IV. 119 And how budge must they look when they returned back to their diocesses. 1686Oldham Art Poetry 66 No tutor, but the Budg Philosophers he knew. 1714T. Ellwood Autobiog. (1765) 60 The Warden was a budge old man; and I looked somewhat big too: having a good gelding under me, and a good riding coat on my back. 1755Johnson, Budge, surly, stiff, formal. 1781Cowper Convers. 299 The solemn fop, significant and budge.
2. dial. Brisk, lively.
1691Ray S. & E.C. Wds. 90 Budge, brisk, jocund. You are very Budge. ― N.C. Wds. (E.D.S.) Crowse, brisk, budge, lively, jolly. 1721–1800in Bailey.
▪ VIII. budge, v.1|bʌdʒ|
Also 6–7 bouge, (7 budg).
[a. F. bouge-r to stir; according to Diez, prob. = Pr. bolegar to disturb oneself, It. bulicare to bubble up:—late L. *bullicare to bubble, frequentative of bullīre to boil. Cf., for the sense, Pg. bulire to move, stir.]
1. intr. To stir, to move from one's place. (Almost always with negative expressed or implied, and said of that which stands firmly or stubbornly.) to budge against, to move against, act in hostility to, is now obs.
1590Greene Orl. Fur. (1599) 31 Bouge not a foot to ayd Prince Rodamant. 1603Florio Montaigne (1634) 148 He could not be induced to bouge from his place. 1637Earl of Monmouth tr. Malvezzi's Rom. & Tarquin 154 [He] doth not budge against his Prince. 1663Butler Hud. i. iii. 201, I thought th' hadst scorn'd to budge a step, For fear. 1768Goldsm. Good-n. Man Epil., Not a soul will budge to give him place. 1837W. Irving Capt. Bonneville (1849) 207 The trapper..refused to budge an inch. 1877Mrs. Oliphant Makers Flor. x. 252 Showing no inclination to budge.
†b. ? To wince, flinch, shirk (after Fr. bouger).
1601Shakes. Jul. C. iv. iii. 44 Must I bouge? Must I obserue you? 1607― Cor. i. vi. 44 The Mouse ne're shunn'd the Cat, as they did budge From rascals worse then they. 1630Wadsworth Sp. Pilgr. iii. 15 All are bound to bee there without budging at seuen. 1651Baxter Inf. Bapt. Apol. 10 He told them in the Pulpit, that let them budge at it how they would, it was their Hypocrisie that hindered them from receiving the truth.
c. To alter or shift from one's (predetermined) position or opinion. Usu. in negative contexts. colloq.
1930N. Coward Private Lives i. 20 You're as obstinate as a mule{ddd}you don't intend to budge an inch, do you? 1955Times 31 Aug. 8/2 Egypt, says Colonel Sadat, will not budge from her present position that stability in the Arab world must be on the basis of United Nations resolutions. 1960C. P. Snow Affair xl. 372 Skeffington would not budge from his incorruptibility. 1982S. Brett Murder Unprompted iv. 44 Now I've argued with him about this, but he won't budge.
2. trans. To stir or move (a heavy inert thing).
1598Sylvester Du Bartas ii. i. iv. (1641) 106/1 A stone so huge, That in our Age three men could hardly bouge. 1853Kane Grinnell Exp. xxiv. (1856) 218 Although the starboard floe..parted a six-inch hawser, it failed to budge us one inch from the icy cradle. 1883Harper's Mag. Nov. 903/2 Three men were trying..and could not budge it.
▪ IX. † budge, v.2 Obs.
[? var. of bodge v.]
To put together clumsily.
1628Earle Microcosm. xliv, All the actions of his life are like so many things budg'd in without any natural cadence or connection at all.
▪ X. budge
var. of bouge v. Obs. to bilge.
1622Fletcher Span. Curate iv. v, Preach not abstinence..'Twill budge the bottoms of their consciences. |