| 释义 |
▪ I. burgeon, n.|ˈbɜːdʒən|
Forms: 3 burjon, 4 bor-, burioun, -ion, -ioyn, -gean, borgun, 4–7 burgen, 5 bergyng, burgyon, 6 burgeant, -gine, burryon, 7–9 bourgeon, 4– burgeon.
[ME. borioun, burioun, -jon, a. OFr. bor-, burjon, mod.Fr. bourgeon, of uncertain etymology. (Diez suggests its derivation from OHG. burjan to raise, to hold up.) The n. and its derived vb. seem to have died out in ordinary and even in poetic use before the 18th c., but to have survived as technical terms in gardening. In the 19th c. they have been revived in poetry; the use of the n. in Zool. corresponds to that of mod.F. bourgeon.]
1. A swelling bud, a young shoot of a plant. Now only poet.
b. Zool. A ‘bud’ or reproductive germ of a zoophyte.
a1300Cursor M. 10735 Quilk o þaim þat bar burjon [Gött. burioun] Suld spus þat mai. 1375Barbour Bruce v. 10 The treis begouth to ma Burgeonys. c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (1840) 56 To se burgyons on a dede drye stok. 1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. (1586) 81 The sette must be..full of knottes and jointes, and many little burgeons. 1601Holland Pliny I. 476 The Vine in her eies and burgeons. 1753Chambers Cycl. Supp., Burgeon, in gardening a knot or button put forth by the branch of a tree in the spring. 1836Todd Cycl. Anat. & Phys. I. 129/2 The parent..throws out burgeons or buds from its surface. 1876Swinburne Erechth. 1170 Bounteous with..burgeon of birth.
2. fig.
a1340Hampole Psalter 513 My lare..make to be grene in ȝou the burioyns of vertus. 1577Harrison England iii. xiv. (1878) ii. 91 Nascad originall burgeant of the kings of Essex. 1655–60Stanley Hist. Chaldaick Philos. (1701) 11/2 The bourgeons even of ill matter are beneficial and good.
†3. transf. A slight swelling or pimple. Obs.
1597Lowe Chirurg. (1634) 83 Furuncle is a tumor procreate of the like humor, as the burgens of the face.
▪ II. burgeon, v.|ˈbɜːdʒən|
Forms: 4 borgoune, burioune, -wne, 4–5 burion, 4–6 burgone, -own, -oyne, -yn(e, 5 burryn, 6 borgeon, 4–7 burgen(e, 5–7 burgein(e (also poet. in 9), -in(e, -inne, -ion(e, bourgen(e, 7–9 bourgeon, 4– burgeon.
[f. prec. n. Cf. F. bourgeonner.]
1. intr. To bud or sprout; to begin to grow.
c1325E.E. Allit. P. B. 1042 Þay borgounez & beres blomez ful fayre. 1382Wyclif Numb. xvii. 8 The ȝerde of Aaron..hadde buriowned. 1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 391/3 To burgene and brynge forth fruyte more plenteously. 1584Peele Arraignm. Paris i. iii. (1829) 10 The watery flowers burgen all in ranks. 1650Bp. Hall Balm. Gil. 79 When the Sun returnes.. it burgens out afresh. 1721Bailey, Burgeon, to grow big about or gross, to bud forth. 1775Ash, Burgein, Burgeon (v. intr. obsolete). 1810Scott Lady of L. ii. xix, Earth lend it sap anew, Gaily to bourgeon, and broadly to grow. 1814Cary Dante (Chandos) 209 Our plants then burgein. 1850Tennyson In Mem. cxv. 2.
b. transf. Of the limbs or appendages of animals. Formerly also of animals and diseases.
1382Wyclif Lev. xiii. 29 Man or womman, in whos heed or beerde boriouneth a lepre. 1536Bellenden Cron. Scot. (1821) II. 326 Thir eddaris..burgeon with mair plentuous nowmer than evir was sene. 1566W. Adlington Apuleius 31, I perceaved a plume feathers did burgen out. 1774Goldsmith Nat. Hist. (1862) II. i. ii. 380 Two small feet are seen beginning to bourgeon near the tail. 1827Scott Napoleon (1835) II. 390 A hydra whose heads bourgeoned..as fast as they were cut off.
c. fig. To bud, burst forth; to grow, flourish.
1382Wyclif Prov. xiv. 11 The tabernaclis of riȝtwis men shal burioune. 1531Elyot Gov. i. xiii. (1883) I. 132 Learning..sowen in a childe..springeth and burgeneth. 1641Milton Animadv. (1851) 195 The Prelatism of Episcopacy..began then to burgeon. 1848Kingsley Saint's Trag. iii. i. 33 Beneath whose fragrant dews all tender thoughts Might bud and burgeon.
2. trans. To shoot out, put forth as buds. Also with out, forth. Also transf. and fig.
1382Wyclif Gen. iii. 18 It shal buriown to thee thornes and brembles. c1400Beryn 692 The busshis burgyn out blosomis, & flouris. 1596Lodge Marg. Amer. 22 Love..had newe burgend his wings. c1820Surtees in Taylor Life (1852) 288 This goodly graft..bourgeon'd forth its flowers and leaf. |