| 释义 |
▪ I. † cad1 Obs.
[Deriv. uncertain: the dates are against its identification with next word, which the sense alone might permit.]
A familiar spirit.
1657Bp. H. King Poems iii. (1843) 87 Rebellion wants no Cad nor Elfe But is a perfect witchcraft of it self. 1658Osborn Adv. Son (1673) 34 Love..cannot hold without Jealousie, nor break without Repentance, and must needs render their sleep unquiet, that have one of these Cadds or Familiars still knocking over their pillow.
▪ II. cad2|kæd|
[Apparently, an abbreviation of cadee, caddie, cadet, the senses of which show the development of meaning, starting from sense 2 of cadet, and its popular form cadee. The modern sense (5) appears to have arisen at the universities (or at least at Oxford), as an application of sense 4 to any one whose manners or conduct were like those of the class in question.]
†1. An unbooked passenger whom the driver of a coach took up for his own profit on the way.
1790Useful Hints in Globe 12 May (1885) 1/5 To prevent his taking up short passengers, or (as they are termed) cads, to the robbery of his employer.
2. An assistant or confederate of a lower grade, as a bricklayer's labourer (dial.); a familiar, ‘chum’.
1835T. Hook G. Gurney (1850) I. vii. 131, I will..appear to know no more of you, than one of the cads of the thimble⁓rig knows of the pea-holder. 1839Hood Kilmansegg 230 Not to forget that saucy lad (Ostentation's favourite cad) The page, who looked so splendidly clad.
†3. An omnibus conductor. Obs.
1833Hood Sk. fr. Road, Though I'm a cad now, I was once a coachman. 1837Dickens Pickw. xxxviii, Numerous cads and drivers of short stages. 1837Penny Mag. 31 Mar. 117 He who hangs behind—who opens the door and receives the money..is conductor or in the vulgar tongue—cad. 1848Thackeray Bk. Snobs xlix, A sceptical audience of omnibus-cads and nursemaids.
4. = Sc. caddie, sense 2: ‘Cads, low fellows, who hang about the college to provide the Etonians with anything necessary to assist their sports’. Hone (note to quot.). So at Oxford, applied by collegians to town-lads of the same description, and contemptuously to townsmen generally.
1831Hone Year Bk. 670 Preceded by one or two bands of music in two boats, rowed by ‘cads’. 1838Leg. late Illumination in Oxf. Her. 22 Feb., A gown-and-town row had got up, to testify their loyalty, By milling of all rads and cads, and other foes to royalty. 1844Pegge Anecd. Eng. Lang. (ed. 3) 34 note, The Oxford Townsman..in 1835 had been promoted to the title of cad. 1850Clough Dipsychus ii. ii. 152 If I should chance to run over a cad, I can pay for the damage if ever so bad.
5. colloq. A fellow of low vulgar manners and behaviour. (An offensive and insulting appellation.)
1838Hints on Etiquette for Univ. Oxf. 19 note, He was mentally considered a great ‘cad’ by the rest. 1850Kingsley Alt. Locke xii, ‘Box the cad's ears, Lord Lynedale,’ said a dirty fellow with a long pole. 1862A. Boyd in Gd. Words 694 People who talk of the great majority of their fellow-creatures as Cads. 1868Lessons Mid. Age 142 You cannot make a vulgar offensive cad conduct himself as a gentleman.
6. Comb., as cad-catcher: see quot.
1882Artist 1 Feb. 63/1 ‘Cadcatchers’ is an expressive, but not elegant, term now in use amongst artists for pictures painted to attract the undiscriminating.
Hence ˈcadism, the behaviour or action of a cad.
1876World V. 8 It is the superlative ‘cadism’ of English residents in India which galls the natives.
▪ III. † cad3 Obs.
= cade n.2, a cade-lamb.
▪ IV. cad4 Chiefly dial.
[Another form of caddis2 (dial. caddy); but there is nothing to show the actual relations to each other of cad, caddy, and caddis, nor which is the primitive form.]
A caddis or caddis worm. Called more fully cod-bait, cad-bait, cad-bit, cad-bote, cad-worm.
1651–1653 [see caddis2]. 1653Lauson Comm. Secr. Angling in Arb. Garner I. 194 Cad bait is a worm bred under stones in a shallow river. 1677N. Cox Gentl. Recreat., Fishing (1706) 41 Wasps, Gentles and Cad-bits are good baits for the Gudgeon. 1741Compl. Fam.-Piece ii. ii. 345 Tench delight chiefly in Worms..as the Lob-worm, Marsh-worm, Cad-worm, and Flag-worm. 1792Osbaldistone Brit. Sportsman 85/1 Cadbate, a worm, good bait for trout. 1833J. Rennie Alph. Angling 34 The grubs which are known by the name of caddis-worms, case-worms, cad or cod bait and ruff coats. a1888Northampton Dial. We are going to the brook for some cads.
†2. cad-worm, applied in derision to a man. Obs.
1630J. Taylor (Water P.) Wks. ii. 155 This Cadworme, hauing onely got Rime, which is but the buttons and loopes to couple Verse together.
▪ V. † cad5 Obs.
= caddow2.
1581in Bristol Wills (1886) 233 The worne Irishe Cad [valued at] xxiiijs. |