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▪ I. † seld, n. Obs.
Forms: 1 seld, 2 selt, 3 seld, 5 selde, 6 Hist. silde.
[OE. seld neut., metathetic form of setl settle n.
(A distinct word from OE. sęld, sæld mansion, hall.)]
1. A seat, throne.
c825Vesp. Psalter x. 5 In heofene seld his. c1175Lamb. Hom. 93 Ða apostoli siððan..isetten iacob þet wes ihaten rihtwis on cristes selt [ælfric setle]. c1205Lay. 25988 And þa six swin he gon æten alle ær he arise of selde.
2. A shop. (In L. records selda or silda; also in AF. form seude.) Also, a stand for spectators.
[1407Maldon (Essex) liber A, lf. 14 b, Pro parcella terre de communi super quam finis unius seude in le draperie est edificatus.] c1450Godstow Reg. 96 And ij. seldis in the market of Wycombe. Ibid. 508 One selde, with a solar ouer the same selde I-bilde. 1598Stow Surv. 206 After which time the king caused this silde or shede to bee made, and strongly to bee builded of stone, for himself, the Queene, and other estates to stand in, and there to behold the iustings. Ibid. 207 The men of Bredstreete ward contended with the men of Cordwayner street ward for a selde or shede.
▪ II. † seld, adv. and a. Obs.
Forms: 3–7 selde, 4–7 seld; 3 sealde, 3–6 sielde, 4 sylde, 4–5 seyld(e, 4–6 seild(e, silde, seelde, 4–7 seeld, 5 zelde, 6 sield, sealde, 6–7 sild.
[Early ME. selde, formed as positive to seldor, seldost, in OE. used as compar. and superl. of seldan seldom.]
A. adv. = seldom adv.
c1000ælfric Gram. xxxviii. (Z.) 240 Raro seldan, rarius seldor, rarissime ealra seldost. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 207 He haueð..gon..seldere þene he sholde to his chirche. c1205Lay. 17940 For selde [c 1275 sealde] he aswint þe to him seolue þencheð. c1290S. Eng. Leg. 474/424 Ȝwane he is wroth, he doth wreche, ake þat fallez ful sielde. c1386Chaucer Clerk's T. 371 The peple hym heelde A prudent man, and that is seyn ful seelde. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) I. 131 Egypt is silde bereyne. 1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 175 b/2 He wente ofte barefote and selde ware ony gyrdle. 1529More Dyaloge iii. Wks. 225/2 It is pytye that we see suche lyghte so sielde. 1590Greene Never too Late Wks. (Grosart) VIII. 158 Report that sild to honour is a friend. 1591Harington Orl. Fur. ix. xxiv, A weapon strange, before this seen but seeld. 1652C. B. Stapylton Herodian iv. 26 Though such a fall hath heard of been but seeld.
b. predicatively. (Cf. seldom adv. d.)
1390Gower Conf. II. 78 For sielde it is that love alloweth The gentil man withoute god. c1460Fortescue Abs. & Lim. Mon. xiii. (1885) 141 Wherfore it is right selde þat Frenchmen be hanged ffor robbery.
B. adj. = seldom a.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. v. xxxvi. (1495) k j, Yf the herte be to dreye & colde he makyth..slowȝ brethe and selde [L. respiratio tarda est & rara]. 1534More Comf. agst. Trib. ii. Wks. 1172/1 Let vs..make those kyndes of recreacion as shorte and as silde as we can. 1603Florio Montaigne iii. v. 530 Therefore hath nature bestowed..on vs a seld and vncertaine abilitie. 1607Tourneur Rev. Trag. iv. H 2 b, Honest women are so sild and rare.
C. Comb., as seld-heard-of, seld-known, seld-shaven, seld-shown adjs.; seld-speech, taciturnity; seld-time, -when (also -whens), -where, -while advs., rarely. Also seldseen a.
1597Cert. Prayers in Liturg. Serv. Q. Eliz. (Parker Soc.) 671 Thy rare-seen, unused, and *seeld-heard-of goodness.
1603Florio Montaigne ii. xii. 256 Strange and *seld-knowne opinions.
1800Lamb Let. to Coleridge 14 Aug., Please to blot out ‘gentle-hearted’, and substitute..*seld-shaven, odd-eyed, stuttering, or any other epithet.
1607Shakes. Cor. ii. i. 229 *Seld-showne Flamins Doe presse among the popular Throngs.
a1225Ancr. R. 76 Nouhware ine holi write, ne ivinde we þet heo spec bute uor siðen; auh for þe *seldspeche hire wordes weren heuie.
c1386Chaucer Clerk's T. 90, I me reioysed of my liberte, That *seelde [v.r. selden] tyme is founde in mariage.
c897K. ælfred Gregory's Past. C. xliii. 313 Ðonne cymð sio blis *seldhwanne. a1225Ancr. R. 428 Swuch ouh wummone lore to beon—luuelich & liðe, and seldhwonne sturne. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) I. 333 Men of that lond haueþ no feuere, but onliche þe feuere agu, and þat wel silde whanne. 1422tr. Secreta Secret., Priv. Priv. 157 Thow shalte Preyse and commende scarsly and seldewannes. 1546J. Heywood Prov. (1867) 40 Meete shall they seelde when, or haply neuer.
1390Gower Conf. III. 234 Chastete, which *sielde wher Comth nou adaies into place.
1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) I. 389 Þey..eteþ wel *seelde while.
▪ III. seld
obs. pa. tense and pple. of sell v. |