| 释义 |
▪ I. pyrrhic, n.1 and a.1 Greek Antiq.|ˈpɪrɪk|
Forms: 6–7 pir(r)hicke, 7–8 pyrrhick, 8 pyrric(k, 8– pyrrhic.
[ad. L. pyrrhicha or Gr. πυρρίχη a dance in armour, said to have been so named from one Πύρριχος the inventor; prop. an adj. qualifying ὄρχησις dance. Perh. through F. pyrrique (14th c. in Hatz.-Darm.).]
A. n. The war-dance of the ancient Greeks, in which the motions of actual warfare were gone through, in armour, to a musical accompaniment.
1597–8Bp. Hall Sat. vi. i. 266 Or dance a sober pirrhicke in the field. 1776Burney Hist. Mus. (1789) I. vi. 67 Proper for military dances called Pyrrhics in which the dancers are armed. 190619th Cent. Mar. 450 In Sparta..all who were above five years of age learnt the Pyrrhic.
B. adj. Epithet of this dance; of or pertaining to this dance.
1630B. Jonson New Inn i. iii, Do they not still Learn there..The Pyrrhic gestures, both to dance and spring In armour, to be active in the wars? 1632Heywood Iron Age iii. i. Wks. 1874 III. 306 Musicke strike A pirhicke straine. 1748Chesterfield Lett. 11 Oct. ii. xxxix, I now plainly see the prelude to the pyrrick dance in the north, which I have long foretold. 1815Elphinstone Acc. Caubul (1842) II. 81 Their amusements are listening to songs..and dancing a sort of Pyrrhic dance, in which they go through some warlike attitudes, and leap about, flourishing their swords. 1821Byron Juan iii. lxxxvi. x (Isles of Greece), You have the Pyrrhic dance as yet: Where is the Pyrrhic phalanx gone?
So † ˈpyrrhical a. Obs. rare = B.; ˈpyrrhicist [ad. Gr. πυρριχιστής], a dancer of the pyrrhic.
1698Fryer Acc. E. India & P. 109 Dancing in such Antick Dances as resemble the Pyrrhical Saltation. 1842Smith Dict. Grk. & Rom. Antiq. s.v. Saltatio, Three Pyrrhicists, two of whom..are engaged in the dance.
▪ II. pyrrhic, n.2 and a.2 Prosody.|ˈpɪrɪk|
Forms: 7–8 pyrrhick, 7– pyrrhic, 9 pyrr(h)ich.
[ad. L. pyrrhichius, a. Gr. πυρρίχιος of or pertaining to the πυρρίχη or Pyrrhic (dance); as n., short for pes pyrrhichius, ποὺς πυρρίχιος pyrrhic foot, a metrical foot used in the war-song: see prec.]
A. n. A metrical foot in ancient Greek and Latin verse, consisting of two short syllables. Sometimes applied to a group of two unstressed syllables in modern accentual verse: see quots.
1626B. Jonson Staple of N. iv. iv, His Hyper, and his Brachy-Catalecticks, His Pyrrhicks, Epitrites and Choriambicks. 1749J. Mason Numbers in Poet. Comp. 43 A Pyrrhic may possess any Place of the Verse except the last. But wherever it is, it gives a brisk Movement to the Measure. 1824L. Murray Eng. Gram. (ed. 5) I. iv. ii. 372 A Pyrrhic has both the words or syllables unaccented: as, ‘ŏn thĕ tall tree’. 1871Roby Lat. Gram. i. xii. §289 Of words ending in ă or ŏ a pyrrich or dactyl is rarely elided before a short syllable, except (1) in proper names; or (2) in first foot [etc.]. 1886Mayor Eng. Metre ii. 31 They intended to vary the ordinary rhythm by introducing an accentual pyrrhic. 1907Ormond English Metrists 175 A trochee he [Ruskin] prefers to name choreus, keeping the former term for what most writers call pyrrhic or dibrach.
B. adj. Consisting of two short syllables; composed of or pertaining to pyrrhics.
1749J. Mason Numb. Poet. Comp. 16, I have exemplified the Pyrrhic, which contains two short Times, by two short Monosyllables, because every Word of two Syllables hath in the Pronunciation an Accent upon one of them, and in English Metre every accented Syllable is long; and there⁓fore no English Word of two Syllables can properly exemplify a Pyrrhic Foot, which consists of two short ones. |