| 释义 |
▪ I. chaldron|ˈtʃɔːldrən, ˈtʃɑːdrən|
Forms: 6 chauderne, 7 chaudron, chawdron, chauldron, chalderon, 7– chaldron.
[Another form of cauldron n.; a. OF. chauderon, mod.F. chaudron (= Sp. calderon, It. calderone), augm. of chaudère, chaudière (= Sp. caldera) kettle:—L. caldāria, pl. of caldārium hot-bath, f. cald-us, calid-us hot. The etymological form is chaudron; as in cauldron, an l has been inserted in recognition of the remoter derivation, and u subsequently dropped.]
†1. An obsolete form of cauldron n. Obs.
1555Eden Decades W. Ind. (Arb.) 223 A chauderne of water. 1601Holland Pliny I. 259 The tunnel or mouth of the furnace must be a good way off from the lead and chawdron. 1639T. De Grey Compl. Horsem. 137 Fill up the Chalderon with faire water. 1750G. Hughes Barbados 248 The juice..is boiled first in a very large copper or chaldron.
2. A dry measure of 4 quarters or 32 bushels; in recent times only used for coals (36 bushels).
1615Trade's Incr. in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) III. 295 Chauldron of coals. 1664Pepys Diary (1879) III. 21 This afternoon came my great store of Coles in, being 10 Chaldron. 1710Steele Tatler No. 73 ⁋16 All such that shall Poll for Sir Arthur..shall have one Chaldron of good Coals..And half a Chaldron to every one that shall not Poll against him. 1801Hutton Course Math. (1827) I. 28. 1834 Brit. Husb. I. xii. 296 Lime..from 6s. to 18s. per chaldron of 36 bushels. 1844Dickens Mart. Chuz. (C.D. ed.) 515 She had laid in several chaldrons of live coals and was prepared to heap them on the heads of her enemies. 1851Coal Tr. Terms Northumbld. & Durh. 13 The Newcastle chaldron is a measure containing 53 cwt. of coals..It has been found, by repeated trials, that 15 London Pool chaldrons are equal to 8 Newcastle chaldrons.
b. Comb., as chaldron-wagon.
1851Coal Tr. Terms Northumbld. & Durh. s.v. Chaldron, The content of the chaldron waggon..is 217,989 cubic inches. 1881Raymond Mining Gloss., Chaldron-wagons, containing this quantity, convey the coal from the pit to the place of shipment.
†3. In sense of chalder1 1. Obs.
1617Moryson Itin. iii. iii. iv. 155 The Gentlemen reckon their reuenewes, not by rents of monie, but by chauldrons of victuals. 1628Hobbes Thucyd. (1822) 138 Valued at three hundred chaldrons.
▪ II. chaldron
obs. form of chawdron, entrails. |