| 释义 |
shalk poet. Obs.
Forms: 1–3 scealc, 3 scalk, scalc, scælk, 4–5 skalke, schalke, 4–6 schalk, 5 shalk(e.
[Com. Teut.: OE. sc(e)alc masc. = OFris., OS. skalk, OHG. scalc, scalh servant (MHG. schalk servant, mod.G. schalk rogue, wag), ON. skalk-r (Icel. skálk-r rogue, Sw., Da. skalk), Goth. skalk-s servant:—OTeut. *skalko-z. No cognates outside Teut. have been found; the word forms the second element in *marho-skalko-z ‘horse-servant’, marshal n.]
Originally, a servant; in alliterative poetry one of the common synonyms for ‘man’. (In the last example used contemptuously.)
Beowulf 939 Nu scealc [Beowulf] hafað..dæd ᵹefremede, ðe we ealle ær ne meahton snyttrum besyrwan. c1000Ags. Ps. (Th.) lxxxv. 2 Hæl þinne scealc [salvum fac servum tuum]. c1205Lay. 4219 Heo wenden bi þen scelden þat hit heore scalkes weoren. Ibid. 19126 Þer wes moni bald scalc. 13..E.E. Allit. P. C. 476 Þe schyre sunne hade hem schent, er euer þe schalk wyst. a1400–50Wars Alex. 1391 Archars with arows of atter envemonde Schotis vp scharply at shalkis [Dubl. MS. salkez] on þe wallis. c1440York Myst. xxxiii. 2 Ȝe schappely schalkes and schene for to schawe, I charge ȝou as ȝour chiftan þat [etc.]. c1450Golagros & Gaw. 891 Sexty schalkis full schene, Cled in armour sa clene. 1508Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen 105 Quhen schaiffyn is that ald schalk with a sharp rasiour, He schowis on me his schewill mouth. |