| 释义 |
chemotherapy Med.|ˌkɛməʊˈθɛrəpɪ|
[ad. G. chemotherapie (Ehrlich), f. chemo- + therapy.]
The treatment of disease, esp. of parasitic infections or cancer, by means of chemical substances which act selectively on micro-organisms or malignant tissue. Also ˌchemotheraˈpeutics. Hence ˌchemotheraˈpeutic(al) adjs.
1907P. Ehrlich in Jrnl. R. Inst. Public Health XV. 449 (heading) Chemo-therapeutic studies on trypanosomes. 1910H. Schweitzer in Science XXXII. 809 (title) Ehrlich's Chemotherapy—a new science. Ibid. 810/1 By combining physiological with synthetic chemistry he [sc. Ehrlich] created on their borderland the new science of chemotherapy. 1911tr. Ehrlich & Hata's Exper. Chemotherapy iii. 146 It is possible..to find a specific and etiologically acting remedy for protozoal diseases in a chemo-therapeutical way. 1912Med. Times (N.Y.) XL. 132/2 Many infectious diseases are not attended with formation of antibodies to a curative extent... In such cases we are forced to seek remedies which can actually destroy the parasites by chemical means. This new direction of therapeutics is known as chemotherapy. 1913Lancet 16 Aug. 451/1 (heading) Address in Pathology on Chemotherapeutics. Ibid., From the very first beginnings of therapeutics chemotherapy has, indeed, been in existence, as all the remedies we employ are chemicals. Ibid., An insight into the workshop of the chemotherapeutic work. 1927Daily Express 12 July 9/7 A concentrated attack is being made on the problem from many different angles—pathological, bio-chemical..and chemo-therapeutical. 1942Electronic Engin. XV. 242 Twenty-seven years had to pass before it was discovered that it [sc. sulphanilamide] was a chemo⁓therapeutic agent of the foremost rank. 1943Endeavour II. 41/1 A definition of the scope of true chemotherapy is hard to frame... We may assume, however, that the term implies the cure of infections caused by micro-organisms with the aid of substances of known or partly known constitution. 1957Listener 14 Nov. 780/1 The past ten years have seen a great deal of progress in the field of cancer chemotherapy.
Add: ˌchemotheraˈpeutically adv.
1955Pharmacol. Rev. VII. 279 In this review an attempt is made to give a general account of the drugs which are chemotherapeutically active against filarial infections. 1986M. Kogut tr. Schlegel's Gen. Microbiol. vi. 206 Chloramphenicol..is used chemotherapeutically as a highly effective bacteriostatic agent. |