| 释义 |
▪ I. shoveller1|ˈʃʌv(ə)lə(r)|
Forms: α. 5 schoveler, 9 shoveller (U.S. shoveler); β. 9 shooler.
[f. shovel v. + -er1.]
One who shovels.
αc1440Promp. Parv. 448/2 Schoveler..tribularius. 1833H. Martineau Charmed Sea iv. 60 She..stood dripping with her load in the presence of the shoveller. 1884Milit. Engin. I. ii. 27 It is advisable to provide one shoveller to each two diggers in the third relief.
β1857Jrnl. R. Agric. Soc. XVIII. i. 105 The labourer with the spade—or ‘shooler’, as he is called—commences his work by throwing out a furrow.
▪ II. shoveller2|ˈʃʌv(ə)lə(r)|
Forms: α. 5 shovelere, schoveler, 6 schofler, shovelor, (shoovelar), 6–7 shovelar, 7 shovler, 7–8 shuffler, 6– shoveler, shoveller; β. 7 shouler.
[Alteration of shovelard, with substitution of -er1 for -ard. Cf. G. † schufler (1582 in Gesner-Heusslin), schaufler (Nemnich).]
†1. = shovelard.
αc1460J. Russell Bk. Nurture 541 Also for bustard betowre & shovelere, gamelyn is in sesoun. a1529Skelton P. Sparowe 408 The shouelar with his brode bek. 1577V. Leigh Surveying D j b, The like Rente, maie be and in some Mannours, is of Herneshawes, Shouelors, &c. 1603G. Owen Pembrokeshire (1892) 131 The Shovler. 1612Peacham Gentl. Exerc. i. xvi. (1634) 54 Waterfowle, as the Mallard, Shoveller, Sheldrake. 1668Charleton Onomast. 103 Ardea Alba..the white, and spoon-bill'd Heron, or Shoveler. 1796Stedman Surinam II. xxviii. 343 The shoveler, or spoon-bill (which has some affinity to the cranes) is about the size of a goose.
β1622Drayton Poly-olb. xxv. 353 The Shouler which so shakes the ayre with saily wings.
¶b. Erroneously applied to the Pelican.
1552Cooper Elyot's Dict., Pelicanus, a byrde called a pelicane, or shouelar.
2. ‘From the latter half of the 17th century’ (Newton Dict. Birds 841) applied to the Spoonbill Duck, Spatula (or Rhynchaspis) clypeata, a bird with a broad shovel-like beak. Also shoveller duck.
1674Ray Coll. Words, Water Fowl 96 The Shoveler: Anas platyrynchos, sive clypeata. a1700B. E. Dict. Cant. Crew, Shuffler, a Bird like, but not so big as a Duck, having a broader Bill. 1732Mortimer in Phil. Trans. XXXVII. 449 The Blue-wing'd Shoveler. 1768Pennant Brit. Zool. (ed. 4) II. 467 Red Breasted Shoveler. 1838J. J. Audubon Ornith. Biogr. IV. 241 Shoveller Duck. Anas clypeata, Linn. 1859Darwin Orig. Species vii. (1873) 184 The beak is thus very inferior as a sifter to that of the shoveller. 1878Proc. U.S. Nat. Museum I. 446 Spatula clypeata (Linn.). Shoveller; Spoon-bill Duck.
3. Her. A representation of a ‘shoveller’.
[1572J. Bossewell Armorie iii. 25 Beareth to hys creste a shouelard Argente (misprinted a shouelar d'Argente).] 1780Edmondson Heraldry II. Gloss., Shoveller, a species of water-fowl, somewhat like the duck.
▪ III. † ˈshoveller3 Obs. rare—1.
[f. shovel n. + -er1.]
? The Shovel-head Shark.
1664Hubert Catal. Rarities 13 Whole Fishes. A Shoveller or Blew Sharke. |