| 释义 |
▪ I. shrike, n.1 Obs. or dial.
[f. shrike v. Cf. skrike n.]
= shriek n. (In first quot., a shrill note.)
c1400Destr. Troy 346 Small briddes..With shrikes full shrille in the shire bowes. c1450Merlin i. 15 Whi made the childe this shrike? wilt thow slen it? a1547Surrey æneid ii. (1557) C j b, The palace within confounded was..with ruful shrikes and cryes. 1592Shakes. Rom. & Jul. iv. iii. 47 Loathsome smels, And shrikes like Mandrakes torne out of the earth. 1613Heywood Silver Age ii. i, Acrisius heares their clamours and their shrikes [rhyme strikes]. 1651Jer. Taylor Serm. for Year ii. ix. 109 The air became full of shrikes of the desolate mothers of Bethlehem for their dying Babes.
▪ II. shrike, n.2|ʃraɪk|
Also 6–7 shreek(e.
[app. representing OE. scríc, scréc (glossing L. ‘turdus’), which was perhaps used generally for birds having shrill cries; shrike and shrike-cock are dial. names for the missel-thrush. Cf. shreitch, shrite.
ON. sólskríkja, which has been compared, means ‘snowbunting’, not ‘shrike’.]
Any of the birds of the numerous species of the family Laniidæ, characterized by a strong hooked and toothed beak; the majority of them are insectivorous, but several species, as the (Great or European) Grey Shrike, Lanius excubitor, prey upon mice and small birds; = butcher-bird. b. Applied to similar birds of other families (e.g. Prionopidæ), e.g. cuckoo, drongo, swallow shrike.
Red-back(ed Shrike, Lanius collurio.
1544Turner Avium Præcip. F 8, De Mollicipite..Anglicè a shrike, a nyn murder. 1598Florio, Gazza sparuiera, a kind of lanaret hauke called a shreeke, or nine murther. 1678Ray Willughby's Ornith. 87 Of the Europæan Rapacious birds it is the least... In English it is called a Shrike. 1776Pennant Brit. Zool. II. 604 The Flusher, or red back Shrike, and the great Shrike, breeds with us. 1851F. O. Morris Brit. Birds I. 229 Great Shrike. [Syn.] Grey Shrike. Great Grey Shrike. Ash-coloured Shrike. Greater Butcher bird. Murdering Pie. Shrike. Shreek. 1855Tennyson Maud i. iv. iv, The Mayfly is torn by the swallow, the sparrow spear'd by the shrike. 1860G. Bennett Gatherings Natur. Austral. 283 The Australian Shrike or Butcher-bird, also called Rain-bird by the colonists (Vanga destructor). 1883Cassell's Nat. Hist. IV. 29 The Helmeted Wood Shrikes (Prionops).
▪ III. shrike, v. Obs. exc. dial.
Also 4–5 schrike, schryke, 4–6 shryke.
[Parallel to scrike v. (see scr-); perhaps representing an OE. *scrícan (cf. shrike n.2) = Norw. skrika, Da. skrige.]
= shriek v. † Of birds: To pipe.
c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 181 Elch wimman..þan hie beð mid childe bistonden..shrike) and reuliche biginneð. c1300Pol. Songs (Camden) 158 Heo biginneth to shryke, ant scremeth anon. c1400Destr. Troy 12973 Shene briddes in shawes shriked full lowde. 1471Caxton Recuyell (Sommer) II. 485 The ladies..shryked and cryed dolorously. 1530Palsgr. 705/2 She shriked so loude that a man myght her her tenne houses of. 1576Turberv. Venerie 238 [At rutting time] a Badgerd shriketh. 1593Shakes. Rich II, iii. iii. 183 Night-Owls shrike. 1629Gaule Holy Madn. 283 To shrinke and shrike, at euery push and pricke. 1676Hobbes Iliad xxi. 15 Grievous 'twas to hear them groan and shrike. 1828Carr Craven Gloss. 1895Lakeland Gloss.
Hence † ˈshriking vbl. n. and ppl. a.
c1374Chaucer Troylus v. 382 As Rauenes qualm or shrykyng [v.r. schrychynge] of þese owlys. c1440Promp. Parv. 449/1 Schrykynge. 1530Palsgr. 267/2 Schrikyng or roring out, escry. 1579E. K. Gloss. to Spenser's Sheph. Cal. May 54 Piteous outcryes, and dreadfull shriking. 1583Babington Commandm. 14 Christ..dooth crie vppon vs with shriking sounde. 1648Gage West Ind. 89 Judging every cry, every howling & shriking as an alarm to my death. 1650Howell Giraffi's Rev. Naples i. 70 Shrikings, and howlings, with horrid curses. |