| 释义 |
▪ I. shroud, n.1|ʃraʊd|
Forms: 1–3 scrud, (1 scruud, 3 srud, srut), 3–4 schrud, 3–6 shrud, 4–5 schrowde, 4–6 schroud(e, 4–7 shroude, (4 ssroud, shrout(e, 5 shrude, shrowed, 6 schrowd, shrow'd, shrowdde, 7 sroude), 5–7 shrowde, 5–9 shrowd, 4– shroud.
[OE. scrúd str. neut. = ON. skrúð neut. (also skrúðe wk. masc.), fittings, furniture, ornament, also, some kind of textile fabric (Norw. skrud ornament, attire, MSw. skruþer masc., state clothing, ornaments, Sw. skrud masc., attire); f. OTeut. *skrūđ-, long-wk.-grade of *skreuđ- to cut (see shred n.).]
†1.
a. A garment; an article of clothing; sing. and pl. (one's) clothes, clothing, habiliments. Obs.
c1000ælfric Gloss. in Wr.-Wülcker 151/6 Habitus, scruud. c1000― Gen. xlv. 22 And [he] sealde hira ælcum twa scrud. c1200Ormin 137 All ane shridd wiþþ haliȝ shrud Ȝede he till Godess allterr. c1205Lay. 5362 Þeos eorles heom gerden mid godliche scruden [c 1275 scrude]. a1225St. Marher. 19 Feirlec ant strencðe beoð his schrudes. 13..E.E. Allit. P. B. 47 Þus schal he be schent for his schrowde feble. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. Prol. 2, I schop me in-to a schroud [B. in shroudes] A scheep as I were. c1440York Myst. xxix. 364 Lo, here a shrowde for a shrewe. c1470Gol. & Gaw. 599 Schaip the evin to the schalk, in thi schroud schene. 1508Dunbar Tua mariit wemen 252, I wes schene in my schrowd. 1535Stewart Cron. Scot. II. 34 Thair semelie schroud likeas siluer scheue. 1594Marlowe & Nashe Dido iii. iii, My princely robes..are layd aside, Whose glittering pompe Dianas shrowdes supplies. 1638G. Sandys Paraphr. Job xxxviii, Swadled, as new-borne, in sable shrouds.
b. In generalized use: Clothing, vesture.
a1122O.E. Chron. (Laud MS.) an. 1070 Swa maneᵹa gersumas on sceat & on scrud [etc.]. c1175Lamb. Hom. 63 Gif..to þe flesce scrud and clað. c1250Gen. & Ex. 176 Al erue..ðe sulde him her,..to fode, and srud, to helpen ðe lif. a1300Cursor M. 3250 Bath gold and stan for maiden scrude.
c. transf. and fig., esp. the ‘vesture’ in which the world or the things of nature are ‘clothed’; also, the ‘veil’ of flesh. Obs.
c1175Lamb. Hom. 79 Ho hine bireueden of þere muchele mihte þet crist him hafde iȝefen of al þer orþe scrude, of þe uisces iþe wetere and fuȝeles iþe lufte. c1200Vices & Virtues 95 Wel him ðe..hafð ðat faire scrud of charite all besett mid ȝimstanes of gode werkes. c1200Ormin 17591 & tohh iss þeȝȝre baþre [sc. man and the world] shrud Þurrh Cossmos wel bitacnedd. a1225Leg. Kath. 914 Þus he schrudde & hudde him,..mid ure fleschliche schrud. a1300Cursor M. 9380 Til alkin thing he gafe, Þair kind scrud al for to haue. a1366Chaucer Rom. Rose 64 And then bicometh the ground so proud That it wol have a newe shroud.
d. Plumage. Obs.
a1400Pistill of Susan 85 Þer schene briddes in schawe schewen heore schroude. c1450Holland Howlat 914 So fair is my fetherem I haf no falowe; My schrowde and my schere weid schir to be schawin.
2. a. The white cloth or sheet in which a corpse is laid out for burial; a winding-sheet.
1570Levins Manip. 217/2 A shroude, amiculum funerale. 1588Shakes. L.L.L. v. ii. 479 Die when you will, a smocke shall be your shrowd. 1611Coryat Crudities 71 The shroud wherin our Sauiours blessed body was wrapped. 1649Davenant Love & Hon. iii. iii, Let her make love to a sexton, and steale shrowds. 1702Steele Funeral i. i, I carried home to your house the shroud the gentleman was buried in last night. 1790Cowper Stanzas for Year 1790, 16 Soon the grave must be your home, And your only suit a shroud. 1847Prescott Peru (1850) II. 287 His remains, rolled in their bloody shroud. 1848Lytton Harold ii. iii, If England needs defenders when I and Godwin are in our shrouds.
¶ By association with the black of mourning, shroud has received the epithet sable.
1637Milton Lycidas 22 And as he passes turn, And bid fair peace be to my sable shrowd. 1724D. Mallet Will. & Marg. ii, Clay-cold was her lilly hand, That held her sable shroud. 1805Scott Last Minstr. vi. xxiii, Each Baron, for a sable shroud, Sheath'd in his iron panoply. 1887W. S. Gilbert Ruddigore ii, Inky clouds, Like funeral shrouds.
b. In fig., allusive, and symbolic uses.
1742Young Nt. Th. iv. 809 How swift the shuttle flies, that weaves thy shroud! 1820Shelley Autumn 4 The Year On the earth her death-bed, in a shroud of leaves dead, Is lying. c1860Bryant New & Old ii. Poet. Wks. (1891) 283 These gay idlers, the butterflies, Broke, to-day, from their winter shroud. 1865Ruskin Sesame ii. §92, I do not wonder at the sensualist's life, with the shroud wrapped about his feet. 1869J. H. Newman in W. Ward Life (1912) II. 281 Dress me up, and you will soon have to make my shrowd.
c. dial. The charred sooty piece at the top of a burning wick which requires snuffing. (Supposed to betoken a death.)
1877Manley & Corringham Gloss. 1894H. Nisbet Bush Girl's Rom. 142 The guttering..candles..melted from their blackened..wicks, all unheeded and shroud-environed.
†3. A place or dwelling which affords shelter; a retreat; a shelter, esp. one of a slight or temporary kind, as a tent or shed. Obs.
c1380Sir Ferumb. 2416 Þe þef..fond hure þer..liggyng vnder shroute. Ibid. 3358 Ameral atte is soper he of-say sittynge vnder shrout. c1450Lydg. Life Our Lady lxvii. (1484) k iij b, [The sun] To shewe his light in euery shroude & shade. 1552B. Gilpin Serm. bef. Edw. VI (1630) 33 As for turning poore men out of their holdes, they take for no offence..They turne them out of their shrouds as mice. 1576Gascoigne Philomene xlix, Unto a selly shrowde A sheepcote closely builte Amid the woodds. 1577–87Harrison England ii. xix. 205 in Holinshed, Our countrie conuerted..into the walks and shrowds of wild beasts. 1616R. C. Times' Whistle (1871) 151 Then shall we see Christ comming in the cloudes, When some will wish whole mountaines were their shroudes. 1634Milton Comus 147 Run to your shrouds, within these Brakes and Trees. 1656–7Burton's Diary (1828) I. 364 When men pull down their houses that are ruinous, they try awhile by setting up shrowds, but finding them drop in, they build their houses again.
4. pl. (rarely sing.) A crypt, vault; esp. applied to the Chapel of St. Faith in St. Paul's Cathedral. (Cf. crowd n.2) Now Hist.
1550Lever (title), A fruitfull Sermon made in Poules churche at London in the Shroudes. 1552Elyot Dict., Apogæum, a shrowdes or lyke buildinge vnder the grownde. 1599Hakluyt Voy. II. i. 153 A church vnder the ground, like to the shrouds in Pauls. 1601Holland Pliny xxviii. ix. II. 321 Shee goeth downe into the vault or shrouds out of which she delivereth her prophesies. 1611Cotgr., Apogée, a shrowd, or denne under th' earth. 1790Pennant London (1793) 392 The preacher [at Paul's Cross] went, in very bad weather, to a place called the Shrowds. 1868Milman St. Paul's vii. 164 According to some accounts the Shrouds were in the triforium of the church.
†5.
a. Shadow, shade; fig. protection. Obs.
a1586Sidney Ps. xci. ii, Soft hiv'd with wing and plume Thou in his shrowd shalt ly. 1588Kyd Househ. Phil. Wks. (1901) 248 To retyre them from the heate..vnder the shade of a Tree, or shroude of a Church. 1606Shakes. Ant. & Cl. iii. xiii. 71 To heare from me you had left Anthony, And put your selfe vnder his shrowd, the vniuersal Landlord.
b. The branches of a tree, considered as affording shade. Obs. (Cf. shroud n.3)
1597Drayton Heroic. Ep. 49 Where like a mounting Cedar he should beare His plumed top, aloft into the ayre; And let these shrubs sit vnderneath his shrowdes. 1611Bible Ezek. xxxi. 3 The Assyrian was a Cedar in Lebanon with faire branches, and with a shadowing shrowd. [So 1884 Revised.]
6. A thing serving as a covering or protection; a defence; a covering, screen, veil, ‘cloak’, disguise. Now somewhat rhetorical.
1558G. Cavendish Poems (1825) II. 171, I shall set my shrowd for my defence, Under the mantell of well wyllyng audyence. 1587A. Day Daphnis & Chloe (1890) 3 The greatest forwardness craueth a shrowd, and the meanest matter cannot be without defence. 1605B. Jonson Volpone v. ii, Jove..Could not inuent, t' himselfe, a shroud more subtile, To passe Acrisivs guardes. 1621G. Sandys Ovid's Metam. v. (1632) 186 Sol, obscur'd in shrowds Of exhalations. 1651Cleveland Poems 33 Thus Israel-like, he travells with a cloud, Both as a conduct to him, and a shroud. 1697Potter Antiq. Greece iii. x. (1715) 94 Their Tops were covered with raw Hides, and other Shrowds, to preserve them from Fire-balls and missive Weapons. 1699Pomfret Dies Noviss. 103 Swath'd in substantial shrowds of night, The sick'ning sun shall from the world retire. 1808Scott Marm. vi. xxvi, At length the freshening western blast Aside the shroud of battle cast. 1814― Ld. of Isles i. Introd., Beneath a shroud of russet dropp'd with gold Tweed and his tributaries mingle still. 1850Kingsley Alton Locke xxvi, A grey shroud of rain sweeping up from the westward. 1867‘Ouida’ Cecil Castlemaine 6 The thickest shroud of the ivy.
7. Technical senses.
† a. In a windmill, a protective addition to horizontal sails. b. Either of the two annular plates at the periphery of a water-wheel, forming the ends of the buckets. c. A rim or flange cast on the ends of the teeth of a gear-wheel.
1576Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 1580–93 (1888) 101/1 Sustentando dictum molendinum in omnibus necessariis, preter in new schrouddis to be mylne aves. 1629Rous Diary (Camden) 41 Her [sc. a crow's] nest was layd betweene the shrowdes in the toppe saile [of a windmill]. 1660R. D'acres Elem. Water-drawing 9 Some of these [horizontal sails of a mill] are made to go with shrouds or shelters, others without. Ibid., Though the shrouds may keep blustring winds away, yet neither it, nor any thing else can keep the Air away. 1759Phil. Trans. LI. 126 This wheel was two inches in the shroud or depth of the bucket. 1797J. Curr Coal Viewer 31 [Specification for] jinneys for conveying the corves..1 Shroud for the middle, 23/4 [inches] by 1, and 1 ditto for the Brake. 1884F. J. Britten Watch & Clockm. 291 The space occupied by the shrouds precludes their use in watches, but in the going parts of clocks they answer well.
d. Engin. A circular band attached to the circumference of the rotor of a turbine; a flange on the tip of a turbine rotor blade (flanges on adjacent blades usu. interlocking so as to form a continuous band).
1906J. W. Sothern Marine Steam Turbine (ed. 2) II. 54 At the outer ends..the blades fit..into a channel-shaped brass ring, or ‘shroud’, as it is called. 1951Cohen & Rogers Gas Turbine Theory v. 106 Although shrouds have been used on superchargers, they have not come into general use so far on impellers for gas turbines. 1967N. E. Borden Jet-Engine Fundamentals 93 The shrouds form a band around the perimeter of the turbine rotor which interlocks the blades at their tips and reduces vibration. 1971P. J. McMahon Aircraft Propulsion v. 162 What may show the difference between a turbine and a compressor stage would be the fitting of shrouds on turbine blades.
e. A temporary covering for part of a spacecraft, esp. one which protects and streamlines the payload of a rocket during launching.
1965W. R. Corliss Space Probes & Planetary Exploration x. 235 The shroud gives probes that customary conical appearance before deployment of the articulated sections. 1966[see dock v.2 5]. 1975K. W. Gatland Missiles & Rockets viii. 184 Above that, enclosed in a shroud, were the Airlock Module, Multiple Docking Adapter and Apollo Telescope Mount.
8. attrib. and Comb. in sense 2, as shroud-cloth, shroud-plait (poet.), shroud-rags; shroud-bound, shroud-like adj. and adv., shroud-maker, shroud-manufacturer; shroud-brass, a memorial brass in which the deceased is represented in his shroud; shroud-plate = 7 b.
1865Neale Hymns Parad. 24 *Shroud-bound, tomb⁓held,..Thou canst raise me.
1890Daily News 21 Oct. 5/2 Perhaps, a more truly morbid and abominable effigy never disgraced the walls of a place of worship than the *shroud brass. 1912J. S. M. Ward Brasses 82 Skeletons. These are not so common as shroud brasses.
a1847Eliza Cook To Mem. Burns 1, Thy ‘magic mantle's’ glowing sheen, Burst through thy *shroud-cloth ere 'twas seen.
1697Dryden Virg. Georg. i. 25 Thou, whose Hands the *Shrowd-like Cypress rear. 1835Lytton Rienzi x. v, In her shroud-like garments and attenuated frame, she seemed..as a spectre. 1913Engl. Rev. May 244 The Vicar, his surplice clinging shroudlike to his lank figure.
1892Simmonds Dict. Trade Suppl., *Shroud Manufacturer, a maker of grave clothes for a corpse.
c1864G. M. Hopkins Poems (1967) 117, I desire They swathe and lace the *shroud-plaits o'er my face.
1844H. Stephens Bk. Farm II. 326 On the inside of the *shroud-plates are formed the grooves for securing the ends of the buckets.
a1847Eliza Cook Dust iii, He sorts the *shroud-rags, he heaps gray bones.
▪ II. shroud, n.2|ʃraʊd|
Forms: 5 shrowthe-s, shrode-s, srowde, 5–7 shrowde-s, 6 schroude-s, shrowed(e)-s, shrowes (?), 6–7 shroude-s, 6–8 shrowd-s, 7 shreed-s, 7– shroud-s.
[Prob. a use of shroud n.1; cf. the mod. naut. phrase ‘to clothe the mast with the shrouds’; a mast or spar without its rigging is said to be ‘naked’. The sense of ‘shrouds of a ship’ attributed to ON. skrúð and to Norw. skrud is not authenticated.
‘Remembering that in the 15th c. the headropes (or shrouds) were very numerous, the appropriateness of the term shroud seems obvious’ (L. G. Carr Laughton).]
1. A set of ropes, usually in pairs, leading from the head of a mast and serving to relieve the latter of lateral strain; they form part of the standing rigging of a ship.
a. pl. (See also fore-shrouds fore-1 3 d, main-shrouds main a. 10, mizen-shrouds mizen 3; for an extended use see bentinck-, bowsprit-, bumkin-, futtock-shrouds.)
1458in Archæologia XXIX. 328 The mast hathe a welle good stay, Wt shrowthes sure. c1485Digby Myst. (1882) iii. 1720 In-to þe shrowdes I woll me hye. c1500Cocke Lorelles B. 12 Some one the shrowedes dyde clyme. 1531in J. Strutt Mann. & Cust. Eng. (1776) III. 53 Item 9 shrowds and a backe staye on either syd. 1589in Hakluyt Voy. 282 Another walkes vpon the hatches, another climbes the shrowes. 1642D. Rogers Naaman 496 As in a ship each boy hath his taske, some to row..others to climb the shreeds. 1666Dryden Ann. Mirab. cxlviii, To try new Shrouds one mounts into the wind, And one, below, their Ease or Stiffness notes. 1726G. Shelvocke Voy. round World 436 They seem to have but little regard to the support of their masts, to which their stays and shrouds hold no proportion. 1840R. H. Dana Bef. Mast xxiii, In an instant every one sprung into the rigging, up the shrouds, and out on the yards. 1883Chamb. Jrnl. 141 A heavy sea boarded the ship, dashing us into the mizen rigging, where we grasped the shrouds, and were saved.
b. collect. sing.
1465Mann. & Househ. Exp. (Roxb.) 200 Payd be my mastyr for ropes for hyr srowde, ij.li. 1588in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) II. 45 He shall shew lights, one in the poop, and another two shrowed high. 1691T. H[ale] Acc. New Invent. 126 Fitting of the Shrowd so as to make way for the gibbing of the Yards. 1814Scott Ld. of Isles iii. xxiii, The favouring breeze, when loud It pipes upon the galley's shroud.
c. sing. Any one of such ropes.
1748Anson's Voy. iii. v. 341 The mast itself is supported..by the shrowd..and by two stays. 1762Falconer Shipwr. ii. 236 Secure your lines! grasp every man a shroud! 1851H. Melville Whale ix. 50 Stumbling to the deck [he] grasps a shroud to look out upon the sea. 1882Nares Seamanship (ed. 6) 48 Each..bowsprit shroud [is] secured to its collar.
d. fig.
1595Shakes. John v. vii. 53 All the shrowds wherewith my life should saile, Are turned to one thred. 1602Marston Antonio's Rev. ii. ii, Readie to discharge Their pretious shot into the shrouds of heaven. 1667Denham Direct. Painter ii. 70 He quickly taught, pours in continual Clouds Of chain'd Dilemma's through our sinew'd Shrouds.
2. a. (See quot.)
1875Knight Dict. Mech., Shroud, the chains by which the smoke-stack is braced, in steamers.
b. = shroud line below.
1942F. H. Colvin Aircraft Handbk. (ed. 5) 679 (caption) Drawing the shrouds into their pockets in the seat pack. 1957L. L. Beckford A.B.C. of Aeronaut. 74/1 Fastened firmly between the gores are strong cords, called Shrouds, which distribute the load evenly over the Canopy. 1973‘A. Hall’ Tango Briefing x. 119 Watch the ground. The whisper of wind in the shrouds... He'd had to give me five seconds..so that the 'chutes wouldn't foul each other.
3. attrib. and Comb. shroud-bridle (see quot.); shroud hawser, a shroud-laid rope; shroud-knot, a knot used in repairing a parted shroud; shroud-laid a., applied to rope composed of four (formerly sometimes three) strands laid right-handed with a heart; shroud line, any of the straps joining the canopy of a parachute to the harness; (usu. pl.); cf. rigging lines s.v. rigging (vbl.) n.2 2 c; shroud-plate (see quot.); shroud-stopper, a rope connecting parts of a shroud below or above a damaged part (1867 Smyth Sailor's Word-bk.); shroud-tackle, -truck (see quots.).
1875Knight Dict. Mech., *Shroud-bridle, a kind of crow⁓foot fastened to the shrouds, to hold sheets, braces, etc.
1744J. Philips Jrnl. Exped. Anson 150 We receiv'd..a thirteen Inch Cable and a *shroud Hawser.
c1860H. Stuart Seaman's Catech. 30 How do you make a *shroud-knot? 1860All Year Round No. 66. 382 ‘Which knot?’ asked Toby. ‘Single or double wall, single or double diamond, Matthew Walker, spritsail-sheet, stopper, or shroud?’
1800Naval Chron. III. 474 Three strond *shroud-laid rope. 1825Budge Miner's Guide 98 The term ‘shroud-laid’ is used to distinguish a rope of three strands or parts from another of nine strands, which is termed ‘cable-laid’. 1875Bedford Sailor's Pocket Bk. x. (ed. 2) 360 Shroud-laid rope 4 strands and a heart Right-handed.
1929A. F. Collins Aviation xii. 184 The pilot chute and big parachute, together with its *shroud lines that hold it to the harness, are made so that they fold up in a very small pack. 1973‘A. Hall’ Tango Briefing xix. 240 The supply 'chute was draped across a spur of rock... The shroud lines were badly twisted.
1875Knight Dict. Mech., *Shroud plate, 1. a. An iron plate fixed to a ship's side for the attachment of the shrouds. b. A ring surrounding a mast and to which the futtock-shrouds are secured.
1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1789), Couladoux, *shroud-tackles, which are used in the gallies..in the Mediterranean, in the place of dead-eyes and laniards.
1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., *Shroud-trucks. 1875Knight Dict. Mech., Shroud-truck,..a wooden thimble secured to the shrouds and acting as a fair-leader for the running-rigging.
▪ III. shroud, n.3 Now dial.|ʃraʊd|
[Formally identical with shroud n.1, but with sense independently derived from the sense ‘to cut’ of the root. Cf. shred n.]
a. collect. sing. and pl. Loppings of a tree, branches or twigs cut off.
b. (chiefly pl.) A branch or bough.
1475–6in Swayne Sarum Churchw. Acc. (1896) 361 Of William Pole for the shrowde of the same elme, viijd. 1538Elyot Dict., Sarmenta, twigges or shroude of trees cut of. 1555Eden Decades (Arb.) 73 Shrouddes of younge vines. c1640J. Smyth Lives Berkeleys (1883) I. 114 Tythes for beech wood, loppes, shrowds, willowes. 1669Worlidge Syst. Agric. (1681) 15 Aquatick Trees, whose shrowds shall exceed in value the Grass they injure. 1862Lowell Biglow P. Ser. ii. vi. 93 In ellum-shrouds the flashin' hangbird clings.
▪ IV. shroud, v.1|ʃraʊd|
Forms: 3–4 scrude, 4 schroude, schruden, 4–5 shrude, 4–6 shroude, 5 shrowden, schrowude, 5–6 schroude, 6–7 shrowd(e, 7 shrow'd, shreud, shrewd, 6– shroud. pa. tense 6–7 shrowded, 6– shrouded; contr. 3–4 scrud, 4 schrud, shroude, scrowd. pa. pple. 3–4 scruded, 5 schruedede, 5 i-shrowdyd, schrouded, y-shrouded, 6–7 shrowded, 7 schroudit, 4– shrouded; contr. 3–4 scrud, 4–6 schroud, 5 schroude, 6 schroud, shrowed, 7 shroud.
[f. shroud n.1 Cf. shride v.1]
†1. trans. To clothe. Obs.
a1300Cursor M. 10448 Anna, leuedi,..scrud þe fair and mend þi chere! Ibid. 16346 Iesus thoght ful mikel scam quen he sua scruded was. c1400Anturs of Arth. 20 (Thornton MS.) Schruedede in a schorte cloke. c1407Lydg. Reson & Sens. 353 A mantel large hir self to shroude. c1450Holland Howlat 84 Myterit..Schroude in his schene weid.
†b. transf. To adorn, deck. Obs.
a1300Cursor M. 8322 It sal be precius and prude, Þe werc he sal sua semele scrude. Ibid. 23404 He þat wroght al thing in lede And scrud þam alle in þair fairhede. a1366Chaucer Rom. Rose 55 Ther is neither busk nor hay In May, that it nil shrouded been. 1500–20Dunbar Poems lxi. 3 Quhen gilletis wilbe schomd and schroud, That ridden ar baith with lord and lawd?
2. To give shelter or housing to; to shelter. arch.
Now only with admixture of 5 or 6.
c1450Lydg. Life Our Lady xviii. (1484) cvj, Quod gabriel within thy blessyd syde The holy ghoost shal I shrowdyd be. 1579Spenser Sheph. Cal. Apr. 32 The whiles our flockes doe graze about in sight, And we close shrowded in thys shade alone. 1582Stanyhurst æneis iv. 80 Fayre fowls..shrowded in hard bed Of thorny thickets. 1603Knolles Hist. Turks (1621) 83 Thrust out of all they had,..not knowing where to shroud their heads. 1614Raleigh Hist. World i. iv. 68 One of these trees considered with all his young ones may (indeede) shrowde foure hundred or foure thousand horsemen. 1671Milton P.R. iv. 419 Ill wast thou shrouded then, O patient Son of God. 1859C. Barker Assoc. Princ. i. 13 Some quiet cell, where they might shroud their grey hairs. 1860Farrar Orig. Lang. i. 17 The joyous birds, shrouded in cheerful shade.
†b. refl. To take shelter. Obs.
1553T. Wilson Rhet. Pref. A iiij b, Having neither house to shroude them in, nor attyre to clothe their backes. 1590Spenser F.Q. i. i. 6 Angry Ioue an hideous storme of raine Did poure into his Lemans lap..And this faire couple eke to shroud themselues were fain. 1620–55I. Jones Stone-Heng (1725) 8 Some..made themselves places of Lome and Twigs.., to creep into, and shroud themselves in. 1642–4Vicars God in Mount 193 They forced all the Musketeers..to run in and shroud themselves within their pikes. 1653H. Cogan tr. Pinto's Trav. xvii. 60 They came into the Port to shrewd themselves from the storm as others did.
c. intr. To seek shelter or retirement; to take shelter or refuge. arch.
1579Spenser Sheph. Cal. Feb. 122 In his small bushes vsed to shrowde The sweete Nightingale. 1610Shakes. Temp. ii. ii. 42, I will here shrowd till the dregges of the storme be past. 1634Milton Comus 316 If your stray attendance be yet lodg'd Or shroud within these limits. 1648J. Raymond Il Merc. Ital. Pref. 1 A weather beaten Traveller needs no such Umbrilla as a Patron to shroud under. c1746Collins Ode to Fear 48 Wilt thou shroud in haunted cell, Where gloomy Rape and Murder dwell? 1793–4Wordsw. Guilt & Sorrow xx, One who, forced from storms to shroud, Felt the loose walls of this decayed Retreat Rock. 1818Keats Endym. iv. 190 What enamour'd bride Cheated by shadowy wooer from the clouds, But hides and shrouds Beneath dark palm-trees by a river side?
†d. intr. and pass. To be huddled up or together.
1530Palsgr. 702/1 Se howe yonder kyne shrowde to gyther for colde. 1553T. Wilson Rhet. 64 b, Beastes and birdes without reason love one another, thei shroude, and thei flocke together. 1623J. Taylor (Water P.) World runnes on Wheeles Wks. (1630) ii. 242 Peoples guts like to be crushed out being crowded and shrowded vp against stalls.
3. To cover so as to protect; to screen from injury or attack; to afford protection to. ? Obs.
a1300Cursor M. 9902 Þis castel..o luue and grace..wit kirnels es vm-sett ful well, scrud on ilk side wit sele. c1475Rauf Coilȝear 459 Trewlie that tenefull was trimland than, Semelie schapin and schroud in that Scheild schene. c1580in Archæologia XI. 224 Vnder the protection of y⊇ peere..whereby thay are shrowed from the radge of the sea. c1582Ibid. 227 No shelues of beache haue euer growne or remayned longer then they have byn shrowded and protected by the peer. 1587Fleming Contn. Holinshed III. 1309/1 Whom he would in no wise shrowd or haue in his house and companie. 1618Latham Falconry ii. (1633) 84 Shee will grow so farre in loue..with you..and account her selfe safely shrowded when she hath your companie. 1674N. Fairfax Bulk & Selv. 40 The main Castleward to shrowd these weaklings from blows and qualmes. 1810Scott Lady of L. ii. xiii, From ire Of Scotland's king who shrouds my sire.
†b. refl. To protect oneself, seek protection. Obs.
14..Lydg. Beware of Doubleness 72 They have no better proteccioun But shroude hem under doublenesse. 1575tr. Marlorat's Apoc. 49 The sayde lawlesse libertie of whore-hunting..shrouded it selfe vnder the bond of brotherly loue. 1615W. Lawson Country Housew. Garden (1626) A 2, I could..so shroud my selfe from scandall vnder your honourable fauour. 1692T. Watson Body Divin. 376 The Thief that shrowds himself under Law. 1698Fryer Acc. E. India & P. 2 A great many [Ships] that had shrowded themselves under our Protection..
†4. To conceal in a secret place or in a secret manner. Often refl., to retire to a hiding-place; pass. to be in hiding. Obs.
c1402Lydg. Compl. Bl. Knt. 147, I..gan..Among the busshes me prively to shroude. 1560Becon New Catech. Wks. (1564) 389 Shal any man be able to shroude himselfe in such a corner, that I can not espye him? 1563–70Foxe A. & M. (ed. 2) 2125/2 [She] shrouded her selfe in a low ditch with nettles. 1588Shakes. L.L.L. iv. iii. 137, I haue beene closely shrowded in this bush, And markt you both. 1603― Ham. (1st Qo.) 1452 [iii. iv. 2] I'll shrowde my selfe behinde the Arras. 1612Webster White Devil i. ii. 40 Shrowd you within this closet, good my lord. 1641–2Chas. I Wks. (1662) I. 395, I am come to demand such Prisoners..and do believe they are shrowded in the City.
†b. intr. To be concealed, lie hid. Obs.
c1450Lydg. Life Our Lady xlviii. (1484) g vi, The septer of whom..shal..neuer cese ne in couert shroude. 1576Gascoigne Philomene vi, How covertly doth sorow shrowde, In trymmest worldely toys. 1649Lovelace Lucasta, Amyntor's Grove, Or have you seene the Lightning shrowd, And straight breake through th'opposing cloud? 1662R. Mathew Unl. Alch. 65 Many..shroud under a cloak of Religion.
5. To hide from view, as by a veil, darkness, cloud; to cover so as to conceal; to screen, veil.
1426Lydg. De Guil. Pilgr. 22288 The tother party, wonder myrk, Schrouded with a cloude dyrk. 1503Hawes Examp. Virtue ix. 162 Lycyna eke dyd her shrowde Vnder a blacke and mysty clowde. 1607Merry Devil Edmonton ii. iii. 77 That disguise will hardly shrowd my woe. 1624Capt. Smith Virginia ii. 32 Thus shrowding his body in the skinne by stalking he approacheth the Deere. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. i. 444 The Father of the Gods his Glory shrouds, Involv'd in Tempests, and a Night of Clouds. 1797Mrs. Radcliffe Italian i, A monk whose face was shrouded by his cowl. 1820W. Irving Sketch Bk. II. 59 A thin transparent vapour..threatening gradually to shroud the landscape. 1827Lytton Pelham vi, I was shrouded at that moment from his sight by one of the yew trees. 1902Buchan Watcher by Threshold 288 The hills, shrouded in grey mist. 1912Stage Year Bk. 27 They performed in evening dress, but were shrouded in sombre cloaks and masks.
6. In immaterial sense: To screen from observation; to envelop or wrap up, as in obscurity or mystery; to veil under an appearance or ‘show’: sometimes with implication of disguise or concealment for an evil purpose.
1412–20Lydg. Chron. Troy i. 2262 Whiche in þe ende, to her confusioun, Can vnder sugre schrowden her poysoun. 1509Hawes Past. Pleas. ii. (1555) 40 The poetes..underneth the trouth doth so shroude, Both good an yll. 1579Gosson Sch. Abuse Ep. Ded. (Arb.) 16 The shorteste Pamphlette may shrowde matter. c1585Faire Em ii. ii. 91 Is this William the Conqueror, shrouded vnder the name of sir Robert of Windsor? 1634W. Tirwhyt tr. Balzac's Lett. 340, I honour vertue..under what shape soever it is shrowded. 1642H. More Song of Soul ii. iii. ii. xlii, Nor doth the soul that in this flesh doth croud Her self rely on that thick vapour where she's shroud. 1726Pope Odyss. xix. 343 Irresolute of soul, his state to shrowd In dark disguise. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. II. v. v, The Queen, shrouded in deepest mystery. 1838Prescott Ferd. & Is. vii. (1846) I. 328 Its proceedings were impenetrably shrouded from the public eye. 1855― Philip II ii. xii. I. 288 We find her communications..frequently shrouded in cipher. 1867Freeman Norm. Conq. (1877) I. 64 The whole of the short reign of Eadwig is shrouded in mystery. 1874Green Short Hist. vi. §3. 286 His indolence and gaiety were mere veils beneath which Edward shrouded a profound political ability.
b. refl.
a1569A. Kingsmill Confl. Satan (1578) 12 He shrowdeth himselfe under the robe of trueth. 1576Gascoigne Grief of Joy iv. xi. Wks. 1910 II. 550, I graunt that pastyme ys the lowly porte, Wherein mans mynde, maie shrewd itself full oft. 1606L. Bryskett Civ. Life 84 If it happen that any abuse do grow and shrowd it selfe vnder the name of a custome. 1650Fuller Pisgah iv. ii. 21 The remains of that nation, which escaped that dismall overthrow, shrowded themselves under the names of some neighbouring people. 1791Burke App. Whigs Wks. 1842 I. 518 Mr. Burke, instead of shrowding himself in exploded ignorance [etc.]. 1823Scott Quentin D. xii, Courage occasionally shrouds itself under the show of modest timidity. 1882W. Ballantine Exper. xxiv. 233 He shrouded himself with a solemn air as if he was thinking profoundly. 1889H. F. Wood Englishman Rue Caïn xi, When I see some fellow shrouding himself in studied silence.
7. To put a shroud on (a corpse), lay in a shroud; hence, to prepare for burial, bury.
1577T. Kendall Flowers of Epigr. 77 This cuttes, his graue must cost a groate, to shrowde his carrin corse. 1604Shakes. Oth. iv. iii. 24 If I do die before, prythee shrow'd me In one of these same Sheetes. 1610Women Saints 24 That I may for pouertie be shrowded in a sheete of an other bodies. 1681Disc. Tanger 24 The Earl commanded the two dead Bodies..to be decently washt, and shrouded. 1718G. Sewell Proclam. Cupid 8 He has been shrowded—full three hundred Years. 1812H. & J. Smith Horace in London 129 Chaunt, widow'd muse, my dying speech, And shroud my ashes in the abbey. 1856Grote Greece ii. xcvi. XII. 453 He..caused his dead body to be honorably shrouded and transmitted into Macedonia for burial. 1858R. S. Hawker in Life (1905) 307 The..place wherein I have laid out and shrouded and coffined now four and twenty dead Sailors.
†8. To include, embrace. Obs. rare.
1593Nashe Christ's T. T 4 b, Vnder Gluttony, I shrowde not onely excesse in meate, but in drinke also.
9. Mech. To furnish (the sail of a windmill, a water-wheel) with shrouds. Also in gen. use with reference to the provision of a shroud in var. technical senses. Cf. shroud n.1 7.
1660L. D'acres Elem. Water-drawing 9 The other sort of Horizontal sailes with shrouds, move more quietly, but with no worthy strength, though the one half be shrouded never so wel. 1834–6Barlow in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) VIII. 88/2 The sides [of a breast wheel] are also sometimes close shrouded, or closed in on the sides to retain the Water, and it thus becomes a sort of bucket wheel. 1869Rankine Machine & Hand-tools Pl. J 3 The crank plate..being shrouded to a certain extent around the periphery. 1913S. J. Reed Turbines applied to Marine Propulsion iii. 41 In both of the above systems the tips of the blades are shrouded with a steel strip, a projecting piece being left on the blade tip which passes through a hole in the shroud and which is eventually riveted over. 1948Chambers's Jrnl. July 392/2 Mica is used to support the input sockets, thus preventing breakdowns owing to heat, and the sockets are also shrouded for safety and the prevention of shock. 1966McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. IV. 292/2 Shrouding a propeller may be used on a ship to decrease interference of propeller and hull.
▪ V. shroud, v.2 local.|ʃraʊd|
Also 6–7 shrowd(e, shrood.
[f. shroud n.3 Cf. shride v.2]
trans. To lop (a tree or its branches); also with off; occas. absol.
1577–87Harrison England ii. xxii. 212 in Holinshed, To shrowd, staie vpright, and cherish the same [trees] in the blustering winters weather. 1581J. Bell Haddon's Answ. Osor. 493 [One] who..may pare away all rotten and vnsauory subtilties,..may shrowde of all vnprofitable and withered superfluities and reduplications. 1582B.N.C. Docum. (Marston R.2 2), The Queen may shrood or lop anie tree or trees. 1662Herne in Collect. (O.H.S.) I. 246 All such pollards the tenants..shrowd when they make their hedges. 1764Museum Rust. II. lii. 149, I..requested him either to cut down the elms, or permit me to shrowd them. 1861Hughes Tom Brown at Oxf. xxxv, By the time the tree was felled and shrouded, Tom was in a convalescent state. 1887Hardy Woodlanders xiii, I'll climb up this afternoon and shroud off the lower boughs. c1890Morris in Mackail Life (1899) I. 7 The said hornbeams were all pollards, being shrouded every four or six years.
▪ VI. shroud
obs. form of shrewd. |