| 释义 |
▪ I. shudder, n.|ˈʃʌdə(r)|
[f. shudder v.]
1. An act of shuddering; a convulsive tremor of the body occasioned by fear, repugnance, or chill.
Phr. to give one the shudders.
1607Shakes. Timon iv. iii. 137, I know you'l sweare, terribly sweare Into strong shudders, and to heauenly Agues Th' immortall Gods that heare you.
1824S. E. Ferrier Inher. vi, An aguish shudder. 1841Dallas Past. Superint. 212 [She] said..before I spoke of the Communion, that seeing it last Sunday, ‘gave her the shudders’. 1851Longfellow Golden Leg. iv. Neighboring Nunnery, Through all my limbs a shudder ran. 1872Darwin Emotions xii. 302 The first sensation of fear, or the imagination of something dreadful, commonly excites a shudder. 1908Sat. Rev. 13 June 750/2 They solemnly adjure the author not to waste..talent..on giving us the shudders.
2. A tremulous or vibratory movement; a quiver.
1865Swinburne Chastelard i. i. 15 The soft and rapid shudder of her breath In talking.
▪ II. shudder, v.|ˈʃʌdə(r)|
Forms: 4 shodder, 5 shodur, shuder, shoter, shadyr (?), 5–6 shoder, 6– shudder.
[ME. shod(d)re, cognate with MLG. schôderen, also schaderen (LG. schuddern, whence mod.G. schaudern), MDu. schûderen, frequentative formation (see -er5) on the root skū̆đ- to shake.
To this root belong also (1) MLG., LG. schudden (whence app. MSw., Sw. skudda, and NFris. skorre for *skodde), (2) OFris. schedda (WFris. skodzje, NFris. sköddi), OHG. scuttan, scut(t)en (MHG. schüt(t)en, G. schütten, whence mod.G. frequent. schüttern), (3) LG. schuddeln, OHG. scutilôn (MHG. schüteln, G. schütteln), (4) OHG. scutisôn to shudder, scutisôd ‘trepidatio’.]
1. a. intr. To have a convulsive tremor of the body caused by fear, abhorrence, or cold; hence, to tremble with horror or dread.
a1310in Wright Lyric P. xxxix. 110 For doute leste he valle he shoddreth ant shereth. c1450Cov. Myst. (Shaks. Soc.) 158 We xulde shadyr for no shoure. c1460Towneley Myst. xxx. 98, I shoterd and shoke I herd sich a rerd. a1529Skelton Col. Cloute 68 Thus eche of other blother The tone agayng the tother: Alas, they make me shoder! 1593Drayton Ecl. x. 4 The poore Heards..Shuddred with keennes of the winters cold. 1602Marston Antonio's Rev. ii. iii, Thou wrapt in furres, beaking thy lymbs 'fore fiers Forbidst the frozen Zone to shudder. a1700Dryden Theod. & Hon. 312 With Horror shuddring, on a heap they run. 1788F. Burney Diary 13 Feb., I shuddered, and drew involuntarily back, when..I saw Mr. Burke. 1814Scott Ld. of Isles iii. xxxi, He..mark'd him shudder at the sword. 1848Thackeray Van. Fair xxxix, Only two or three domestics shuddered in the bleak old servants' hall. 1871L. Stephen Playgr. Eur. (1894) ii. 41 The masses of ice and snow..make him openly shudder. 1885‘Mrs. Alexander’ At Bay ii, I have seen you look surprised when I have started and shuddered at trifles.
b. transf.
1769Junius Lett. xxix. 132 There are still some facts in store at which human nature would shudder. 1833T. Hook Parson's Dau. iii. ii, Her gentle heart, shuddering as it did with horror at his premeditated cruelty. 1848Thackeray Van. Fair x, My mind shudders when I think of her awful, awful situation.
c. With away, up: To shrink from.
1668Dryden Maiden Q. v. i, As children..First try the water with their tender feet; Then, shuddering up with cold, step back again. 1853Mrs. Gaskell Ruth xviii, She shuddered up from contemplating it. 1855― North & S. xxv, She shuddered away from the threat of his enduring love. 1893M. E. Mann In Summer Shade x, Mentally shuddering away from the picture he had called up.
d. const. inf.; esp. in colloq. phr. I shudder to think with obj. clause.
1742Young Nt. Th. iv. 249 A midnight, nature shudder'd to behold. 1777Toplady Hymn, ‘Deathless Principle’ v, Shudder not to pass the stream. 1861Meredith Phantasy xxix. Poet. Wks. (1912) 116 Already I shuddered to feel the wave, As I kept sinking slowly. 1872Geo. Eliot Let. 4 Aug. (1956) V. 297, I shudder a little to think what a long book it will be. 1952M. Laski Village iii. 53 What they're going to think of us abroad, I shudder to think. 1970A. Price Labyrinth Makers xii. 161 What he'll make of you I shudder to think!
2. nonce-uses.
a. To go out with a shudder.
1852Thackeray Esmond iii. xiii, The roses had shuddered out of her cheeks.
b. trans. To shake off with a shudder.
1827Hood Hero & Leander cv, Lo! how she shudders off the beaded wave.
3. intr. To move tremulously, vibrate, quiver.
1849Cupples Green Hand xiv, Still catching the fierce rush of the gale..which steadied her though she shuddered to it. 1856Mrs. Browning Aur. Leigh iii. 276 My pulse Would shudder along the purple-veined wrist Like a shot bird. 1869Farrar Families of Speech i. 25 The full dawn of which the earliest beams had shuddered through the darkness some years before.
4. trans. To cause to shudder. rare.
1639Chapman & Shirly Tragedie of Chabot Admirall of France i. sig. B, Loud conscience has a voyce to shudder greatnesse. c1801–3W. Blake Auguries Innoc. 8 A robin redbreast in a cage Puts all Heaven in a rage. A dove-house fill'd with doves and pigeons Shudders Hell thro' all its regions. 1925E. Blunden English Poems 58 A drowned sheep lodged In a black holt of alders, Its poor fleece brown and vile, To shudder young beholders.
†5. intr. and trans. To scatter. Obs.
c1400Destr. Troy iv. 1335 All shodurt as shepe, shont of his way. Ibid. 3706 The shippis with shire wynd shodert in twyn. Ibid. 6581 He..Shent of þo shalkes, shudrit hom itwyn. |