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▪ I. † claret, n.1 Obs.
[ad. med.L. clarētum, f. OF. claré, claret, clary q.v.]
= clary n.1
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xix. lviii. (1495) 896 Claret is made of wyne and of hony and swete spycery [Lat. Claretum ex vino et melle et speciebus aromaticis confectum]. c1425Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 658 Hoc claretum, a clarett. c1440Promp. Parv. 79 Claret, wyne [clarey K. clarry P.], claretum. 1559Morwyng Evonym. 398 Ginger ij drams, Cinnamon half an unce, Cloves a dram, whyt wyne iij measures, that is xij pound, an unce of hony, whyte sugar half a pound; make claret thereof according to art.
▪ II. claret, n.2 (a.)|ˈklærət|
Forms: 5– claret, 5 clarett, clarrytte, clarete, (cleret, clerote), 6 clarette, -ed, Sc. clarat, 6–7 clarret(t.
[a. OF. claret, in vin claret (mod.F. clairet), from claret, clairet, dim. of clair ‘clear, light, bright’; cf. It. chiaretto dim. of chiaro, L. clārus ‘clear’. The OF. claré clary, and this claret have fallen together in mod.F. under the form clairet (see Littré).]
1. A name originally given (like F. vin clairet) to wines of yellowish or light red colour, as distinguished alike from ‘red wine’ and ‘white wine’; the contrast with the former ceased about 1600, and it was apparently then used for red wines generally, in which sense it is still, or was recently, dial. (cf. also 3). Now applied to the red wines imported from Bordeaux, generally mixed with Benicarlo or some full-bodied French wine.
†a. as adj., qualifying wine. Thus used, it was apparently at first significant of colour, as in F.
[Cf.c1396Manière de Langage (1873) Vin claret, vermeille, et blanc.] c1440Promp. Parv. 79 Claret or cleret as wyne, semiclarus. c1500Blowbol's Test. in Halliw. Nugæ P. 10 Rede wyn, the claret, and the white. 1513Boke Keruynge in Babees Bk. 267 Reed wyne, whyte wyne, clared wyne. 1533Elyot Cast. Helthe (1541) 39 a, Frenche claret wines. 1562W. Bullein Def. agst. Sickness lf. xi, The seconde wine is pure claret, of a cleare Iacent or Yelow choler. 1568Withals Dict., Claret Wine, vinum sanguineum subrubrum, vel rubellum. 1587Harrison England ii. vi. (1877) i. 149 Small wines onlie, as Claret, White, Red, French, etc. 1593Shakes. 2 Hen. VI, iv. vi. 4 That..The Conduit run nothing but Clarret Wine. 1611Cotgr., Vin claret, claret wine. 1714Gay What d'ye call it i. i. 9 My dry Lip is dy'd with Claret Wine.
b. absol. (The earlier quots. are uncertain.)
[a1400Morte Arth. 200 Þane clarett and Creette, clergyally rennene, With condethes fulle curious alle of clene silvyre. c1485Digby Myst. (1882) iii. 477 Of wynys I haue grete plente, Both whyte wynne and red þat [ys] so cleyr..Clary wynne and claret, and other moo. ]c1535G. Du Wes Introd. Fr. in Palsgr. (1852) 909 The whyte wyn, the claret (le claret), the wyne red. c1575Art of Planting 74 Vessels of white wine..or Claret and such like. 1616Surfl. & Markh. Countr. Farme 638 Amongst these our French vvines, some are white, othersome are of a deepe yellow, commonly called clarets, or reddish vvines, vvhich are the most wholesome of all..The rest are all red, more or lesse. 1689Locke Lett. Toleration i. 51 Others have their Clubs for Clarret. 1707Lond. Gaz. No. 4333/8 To be sold an entire Parcel of New French..Claret..being of the Growth of Lafitt, Margouze, and La Tour. 1778Johnson in Boswell 29 Apr., A man may choose between abstemiousness and knowledge, or claret and ignorance. a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Claret, any sort of foreign red wine. 1836C. Redding Hist. Mod. Wines iii. (ed. 2) 53 There is no pure wine in France like that which is designated claret in England. This wine is a mixture of Bordeaux with Benicarlo, or with some full wine of France. Clairet wines..signify those which are..rose-coloured. 1861Sir J. Bowring Autobiog. Recollect. (1877) 373 The four clarets of the first quality.
2. Pugilistic slang. Blood.
1604Dekker 1st Pt. Honest Wh. i. vii, Wks. 1873 II. 45 This should be a Coronation day: for my head runs Claret lustily. 1652Benlowes Theoph. iii. lxviii. War hath our luke-warm Claret broacht with Spears. 1821Byron Lett. 12 Dec., Besides losing some claret on the spot, [he] bruised himself a good deal. 1848Thackeray Van. Fair lvi. 473 His fine shirt frill dabbled with the claret drawn from his own little nose.
3. The colour of ‘claret’; in modern acceptation, a reddish-violet.
1648Herrick Hesper., On Julia's Recovery, Health on Julia's cheek hath shed Clarret, and creame commingled. 1884Chr. World 17 Jan. 52/1 Very rich Brocaded Plush to match in..Claret.
b. attrib. or as adj. Claret-coloured. Cf. 1 a.
1547Recorde Judic. Ur. 33 Claret and redd Urine. 1580Hollyband Treas. Fr. Tong. Rougeastre, reddish or claret colour. 1630Randolph Aristippus Wks. (1668) 299 I'll..have some Claret Whore burn him for an Heretick (cf. scarlet lady). 1736Mortimer in Phil. Trans. XXXIX. 258 The Brimstone, the Carrot, and Claret Potatoes. 1882Garden 25 Mar. 196/1 The deep claret hue of the Akebia.
4. Angling. Species of artificial salmon-fly, so named from its general colour when made up.
1867F. Francis Angling x. (1880) 346 The Claret..is good for sea-trout.
5. attrib. and Comb., as claret-jug, claret-vessel; claret-coloured adj.; † claret-cunner, a connoisseur of claret; claret-cup, a mixture of iced claret with lemonade and various flavouring ingredients.
1777Scott Colour Blindness in Phil. Trans. LXVIII. 613 A fine rich *claret-coloured dress.
1500–20Dunbar Remonstr. King 42 Monsouris of France, gud *clarat-cunnaris.
1876M. E. Braddon Hostages to Fortune 81 (Hoppe) He..compounds *claret-cup at the evening meal.
1862Dickens Lett. 2 Jan. (1880) II. 171 The packet will contain a *claret-jug. I hope it is a pretty thing in itself for your table.
Hence (chiefly nonce-wds.) ˈclaret v., to drink claret (cf. to wine); clareˈteer, a drinker of claret; ˈclaretless a., without claret; ˈclarety a., having the appearance of claret.
1814Byron Lett. Moore 9 Apr., We clareted and champagned till two. a1679Ld. Orrery Altemira ii, The Humble Claretteers resist in vain, Whilst he toasts, every Night, in politick Champaign. 1707Hearne Collect. 5 Nov. (Oxf. Hist. Soc.) II. 68 Being a stout Claretteer [he] kill'd..an Apothecary..by hard drinking. 1823Byron Juan xiv. lviii, Leaving all-claretless the unmoisten'd throttle. 1709Rambl. Fuddle-Cups 15 Your poor Son with that Clarety Nose.
▪ III. † ˈclaret, n.3 Obs.
Some apparatus for drawing liquor from a cask.
c1440Promp. Parv. 79 Claret of a tunne [1499 claret], ductilium. 1466Paston's Fun. in Paston Lett. 549 II. 268 For claretts and fawcetts, vid. |