| 释义 |
sirloin|ˈsɜːlɔɪn|
Forms: α. 5–8 surloyn, 6–7 -loyne, 7 -loi(g)ne, -line, 8– surloin (8 sur-loin). β. 6 serlyn, 7 sir-loyne, 8 sir-loyn, sirloyn; 7 srloin, 8 sir loin, 8–9 sir-loin, 8– sirloin.
[ad. OF. *surloigne, var. of surlonge, f. sur over, above + longe loin n. The spelling sirloin shows the same tendency as sirname for surname, sirples (obs.) for surplice; its final prevalence may have been largely due to the fictitious etymology variously stated in the following quotations.
1655Fuller Ch. Hist. vi. ii. 299 A Sir-loyne of beef was set before Him (so knighted, saith tradition, by this King Henry [the Eighth]). 1732–8Swift Polite Conv. ii. 121 Miss. But, pray, why is it call'd a Sir-loyn? Lord Sparkish. Why,..our King James First,..being invited to Dinner by one of his Nobles, and seeing a large Loyn of Beef at his Table, he drew out his Sword, and..knighted it. 1822Cook's Oracle 163 Sir-Loin of Beef. This joint is said to owe its name to King Charles the Second, who dining upon a Loin of Beef,..said for its merit it should be knighted, and henceforth called Sir-Loin. ]
1. The upper and choicer part of a loin of beef, used for roasting. Also const. of.
α1554Church-w. Acc., St. Marg. Westminster (Nichols, 1797) 14 A surloyn of beef, 6s. 8d. 1559–60Old City Acc. Bk. in Archæol. Jrnl. XLIII. 175 Paide for a surloyne of beffe, vs iiijd. 1630J. Taylor (Water P.) Gt. Eater Kent 9 A calfe, a surloyne of roast biefe, a pigge. 1661Pepys Diary 21 Nov., We had a good surloyne of rost beefe. 1718Free-thinker No. 9. 57 Many..prefer..a Surloin of Beef, or a Haunch of Venison. 1740Somerville Hobbinol ii. 132 A Spit he seiz'd, Just reeking from the fat Surloyn. 1827J. F. Cooper Prairie II. ii. 23 When he has gotten his surloin or his steak. 1885Times 9 Apr. 9 The production of a perfect shorthorn surloin.
fig.1596Nashe Saffron Walden 48 Let's haue a dozen spare ribs of his rethorique,..and a whole surloyne of his substantiallest sentences and similes.
attrib.1601in Househ. Ord. (1790) 296 The surloine peece of the beefe. 1885Times 9 Apr. 9 A riband-patterned surloin steak.
β1525Old City Acc. Bk. in Archæol. Jrnl. XLIII. 172 Payd to the Bochsar for a greyt serlyn, xvid. 1623Althorp MS. in Simpkinson Washingtons (1860) App. 46 A srloin, a rumpe,..and a rond of beef. 1630J. Taylor (Water P.) Wks. i. 119/1 When..fish is gone,..then these venerable fathers..can take a Sir-loyne of Beefe [etc.]. 1712Addison Spect. No. 517 ⁋2 He had lost his Roast-Beef Stomach, not being able to touch a Sirloin. 1760S. Fielding Ophelia (1785) II. iv, The first cut of a sirloin of beef was better. 1819S. Rogers Human Life 13 Then the huge ox shall yield the broad sir-loin. 1836T. Hook G. Gurney III. 67, I hold it an article of faith to have a sirloin of beef upon my table on Sunday. 1865M. E. Braddon Doctor's Wife xv, A side-table was laid for him, and a great sirloin was brought in.
b. transf. Of persons.
1648Mayne Amorous War i. i, I doe feele, One of my Surloynes going. 1757E. Perronet Mitre ii. lxxxvii, The news makes all their Sur-loins crack: Down drops each stounded head. 1823Byron Age of Bronze xviii, To see proud Albyn's tartans as a belt Gird the gross sirloin of a city Celt.
2. With punning allusion to sir n. 1. (Cf. the etym. note above.)
1630J. Taylor (Water P.) Great Eater of Kent 10 That he should presently enter combate with a worthy knight, called Sir Loyne of Beefe, and ouerthrow him. |