| 释义 |
Quisling|ˈkwɪzlɪŋ|
Also with lower-case initial.
[The name of Major Vidkun Quisling (1887–1945), Norwegian officer and diplomatist, who collaborated with the Germans during their occupation of Norway from 1940 to 1945.]
1. A traitor to one's country, a collaborationist, esp. during the war of 1939–45. Also transf. and fig.
1940Times 15 Apr. 5/3 Comment in the Press urges that there should be unremitting vigilance also against possible ‘Quislings’ inside the country [sc. Sweden]. 1940H. Nicolson Diary 10 May (1967) II. 81 He is hurrying back to Holland to fight. He says..they will fight to the last man, but that they are worried about their Quislings. 1941Sun (Baltimore) 7 Mar. 1/6 No report of the size of the attacking fleet..was given, but small craft actually allowed British and Norwegian troops to take 215 Germans and ten ‘Quislings’ as prisoners. 1943C. S. Lewis Christian Behaviour i. 9 The results of bad morality..press on us every day: war and poverty and graft and quislings and shoddy work. 1946Downside Rev. 51 In our striving after this way of love, we are confronted by a threefold enemy, the devil, the world, both external to us, and the quisling within us, called ‘Self’, the most dangerous of all the foes. 1950N.Y. Times 1 July 16/5 The attempts that the Communist-dominated governments are making to create ‘national’ Catholic Churches through the appointment of religious ‘Quislings’. 1958P. Kemp No Colours or Crest vii. 125 Isa Toska, a notorious Albanian quisling..was a brigand who with Italian help had equipped a strong band of mercenaries. 1961B. Fergusson Watery Maze iii. 78 They brought back 225 prisoners (including a dozen quislings), 314 Norwegian volunteers, [etc.]. 1966‘H. MacDiarmid’ Company I've Kept xiii. 260 A Scot far more typical in his attitude than the English care to recognise, or Anglo-Scottish quislings dare admit. 1974Globe & Mail (Toronto) 22 Apr. 3/2 But a spokesman..denounced the appointment, dismissing Mr. Marouf as a ‘quisling’ who did not represent the Kurdish liberation movement. 1976Economist 16 Oct. 74/2 But for years the government has used them [sc. moderate leaders of South African blacks] only to put on a front of ‘consultation’, while paying scant regard to their views. It is this which has left them feeling like quislings whose only purpose is to give the system a look of respectability.
2. a. Comb., as Quisling-hearted, Quisling-minded adjs.
1940Times 4 Oct. 9/6 Its organizers had assembled..sympathizers and other potentially Quisling-minded adults from neutral countries. 1946P. Bottome Lifeline xxi. 176 The boastful triumph of the quisling-hearted.
b. attrib. passing into adj.
1941Times 11 Mar. 4/7 The quisling newspapers not only endorse this but accuse the British of plundering Lofoten shops. 1942‘G. Orwell’ in Partisan Rev. Mar.–Apr. 159 The quisling intellectual is a phenomenon of the last two years. 1943S. G. Evans Christians in World Struggle 2 The normal service of the cathedral..had been replaced by a pagan ‘Quisling’ ceremony. 1945H. G. Wells Happy Turning v. 13 He [sc. Jesus] began his career as a good illiterate patriotic Jew in indignant revolt against the Roman rule and the Quisling priests who cringed to it. 1947Times 28 Apr. 8/3 Certainly the story itself shows no lingering trace of quisling quality: it is conventional to the very last joint. 1959Listener 30 Apr. 765/1 Brand was written in anger against Ibsen's smug, quisling and bourgeois Norway of the nineteenth century. 1973Ibid. 16 Aug. 226/3 Television..cast a regretful backward glance at Czechoslovakia under the heel of its wretched Quisling government.
Hence (as a back-formation) ˈquisle v. (joc.), to betray one's country, in the manner of a Quisling; ˈquisler, one who ‘quisles’; ˈquislingism, a political doctrine based on the collaborationist principles of Quisling; ˈquislingist, a Quisling; also attrib.; ˈquislingite, a Quisling; ˈquislingize v., to cause to act as a Quisling; ˈquislingized ppl. a.; also transf.
1940Times 22 Apr. 8/2 There seem to have been no Quislings, partly because it was unnecessary to ‘quisle’ in a country which, as the Nazis have always said ‘could be taken by telephone’. Ibid. 4 Oct. 5/2 The Quislingists have begun Jew-baiting in Norway. Ibid. 15 Oct. 3/5 Lunde, the Quislingist Minister of Propaganda—the Norwegian Goebbels—has announced his intention to ‘Quislingize’ all newspapers. 1940Amer. Speech XV. 261/1 ‘Quislings everywhere’, ‘Nazi sympathisers who might quisle’, ‘Other potential quislers are now at large’. 1940Manch. Guardian 19 Oct. 6/3 So far the most significant and valuable addition in this war is ‘Quisling’. Will there be a verb, ‘to quisle’? 1941Times 6 Feb. 3/5 The new secret police..have arrested many hundreds of persons who were known to be hostile to Quislingism. 1942Ann. Reg. 1941 239 But for the protection of the German troops..the Quislingites would..undoubtedly have been wiped out. Ibid. 240 After the British raid..the Reichs-kommissar..ordered them to pay the maintenance of the Germans and Quislingites taken to England. 1942Times 28 Feb. 3/5 Over 1,000 teachers stuck to their resignations from the quislingized teachers' association even after the Church Department had decreed that such resignations were tantamount to resignation of office. 1944‘G. Orwell’ in Horizon X. 244 The modern political scene, in which..bribery and quislingism are normal. 1945Sun (Baltimore) 28 Sept. 11/2 They bear the label of Quislingism, but they also carry the cross of illegitimacy. 1946‘G. Orwell’ in Tribune 26 Apr. 7/2 All that is left of him [sc. the Vicar of Bray] is a comic song and a beautiful tree, which..must surely have outweighed any bad effects which he produced by his political quislingism. |