| 释义 |
▪ I. † ˈracket, n.1 Obs. rare.
Also 4–5 raket.
[Etym. obscure.]
Some game played with dice.
c1374Chaucer Troylus iv. 432 (460) Canstow pleyen raket, to and fro, Netle in, dokke out, now this, now that, Pandare? 1387–8T. Usk Test. Love i. ii. (Skeat) 166, I haue not plaid raket, Nettle in, Docke out. 1430–40Lydg. Bochas v. xxix. (1554) 140 Kyng Phrahartes, in token he was unstable, Sent him three dees, forged square of golde, To play racket as a chylde chaungeable.
▪ II. racket, n.2|ˈrækɪt|
Forms: 6 rackat, -it, Sc. rakkett, rakcat, 6–7 rackette, 8 -ett, 5– racket; 6–9 raquet, 7 -ett, 9 racquet. See also raquette.
[a. F. raquette (16th c.) = Sp., Pg. raqueta, It. racchetta, lacchetta, of uncertain origin (see Littré and Devic): hence also Du. raket (in Kilian racket), G. rakete, -ette.]
1. a. A bat used in the games of rackets, tennis, etc., consisting of a network of cord or catgut stretched across a somewhat elliptical frame formed of a bent strip of wood, metal, etc., to the base of which a handle is attached.
1500–20Dunbar Poems xiv. 66 Sa mony rakkettis, sa mony ketche-pillaris. 1540[see b]. 1574Newton Health Mag. 6 Striking and receaving the balle with a raquet. 1624Capt. Smith Virginia ii. 27 The Beaver..His taile somewhat like the forme of a Racket. 1690Locke Hum. Und. xxi. §9 A Tennis-Ball, whether in motion by the stroke of a Racket, or lying still at rest. 1763C. Johnston Reverie II. 206 He was seated at table with a parcel of shuttle-cocks before him, and mending a racket. 1805Scott Last Minstr. ii. xxxi, Like tennis-ball by raquet tossed. 1808Pike Sources Mississ. (1810) 100 [In Lacrosse] one catches the ball in his racket, and..endeavors to carry it to the goal. 1828D'Israeli Chas. I, I. ii. 22 In the tennis⁓court he toiled with the racquet. 1890C. G. Heathcote Lawn Tennis 208 The main object of modern lawn tennis is to meet the ball with a full racket.
fig.1589Greene Menaphon (Arb.) 51 Finding opportunitie to giue her both bal and racket. 1610Healey St. Aug. Citie of God (1620) 616 Friuolous pamphlets, the very rackets wherewith Greece bandieth ignorant heads about. 1705Hickeringill Priest-cr. ii. iii. 38 Antichrist is the common Tennis-Ball that every malicious Racket bandies and tosses against each other. 1809Malkin Gil Blas viii. ix. ⁋9 You have a racket for every ball; nothing comes amiss to you.
b. A game of ball played by two persons, who strike the ball alternately with their rackets and endeavour to keep it rebounding from a wall. Now always pl. Also fig.
1529Lyndesay Compl. 175 Sum gart him raiffell at the rakcat: Sum harld hym to the hurly hakcat. 1540Heywood Four P.P. 882 All the soules were playnge at racket. None other rackettes they hadde in honde [etc.]. 1610J. Guillim Heraldry iv. xii. 221 Such [games] are.. Racket, Balloone. 1748Richardson Clarissa (1811) III. xxxii. 191 All his address and conversation is one continual game at raquet. 1822Hazlitt Table-t. II. vii. 161 Rackets..is, like any other athletic game, very much a thing of skill and practice. 1890E. O. P. Bouverie Rackets 359 The game of rackets is now exclusively played in a court enclosed in four walls.
†2. A military engine (see quot.). Obs. rare—1.
1535Coverdale 1 Macc. vi. 51 He made all maner ordinaunce: handbowes, fyrie dartes, rackettes to cast stones.
3. a. A snow-shoe made after the fashion of a racket (sense 1), as used in northern America.
1613Purchas Pilgrimage viii. iv. 753 Their Dogges..haue rackets tied vnder their feet, the better to runne on the snow. 1677W. Hubbard Narrative ii. 130 Unless they carried Rackets under their Feet, wherewith to walk upon the Top of the Snow. 1758Michmakis & Maricheets 55 Much more capable with their legs only, than we with our rackets. 1790T. Bewick Hist. Quadrup. (1792) 111 The sports⁓man pursues in his broad rackets or snow-shoes. 1875Temple & Sheldon Hist. Northfield, Mass. 84 Travel was next to impossible, except upon rackets.
b. A broad wooden shoe for man or horse to enable them to walk over marshy ground.
1846P. J. de Smet Oregon Missions (1847) xiv. 193 The savages travel over these marshy places in Rackets. 1864in Webster.
4. Ornith. A bird's tail-feather shaped like a racket, a spatule. (Cassell's Encycl. Dict. 1887.)
5. attrib. and Comb., as (sense 1) racket-frame, racket-maker, racket-seller; racket-like adj.; (sense 1 b) racket-ball, racket-bat, racket-court, racket-ground, racket-match, racket-player; (sense 3) racket-string; racket-press (see quot.).
1651Ogilby æsop (1665) 164 Like *Racket-Bals with Argos's I sport And the whole Ocean is my Tennis-Court.
1837Thackeray Ravenswing vi, Who hit [him] across the shoulders with a *racket-bat.
1604Middleton Father Hubbard's T. Wks. (Bullen) VIII. 103, I am no day from the line of the *racket-court. 1860All Year Round No. 66. 366 It is thoroughly inconvenient and defective as a racket-court.
1837Dickens Pickw. xli, This area..was the *racket-ground.
1893Newton Dict. Birds 168 The outermost pair [of feathers] are enlarged at the end in a *racquet-like form.
1611Cotgr., Raquetier, a *Racket-maker.
1838J. Grant Sk. Lond. 57 Employed to supply the *racket-players with balls.
1890C. G. Heathcote Lawn Tennis 204 Among those [implements] which..are useful, may be mentioned the *racket press to keep the racket from warping.
1808Pike Sources Mississ. (1810) 75 The pressure of my *racket strings brought the blood through my socks and mockinsons.
▸ racket abuse n. Lawn Tennis aggressive or unsporting behaviour by a player in which the racket is thrown or struck against something; an instance of this, esp. one which incurs a penalty from the umpire.
1981N.Y. Times (Nexis) 15 Oct. d22/6 McEnroe yelled at the umpire over a line call and smashed his racquet, and as a result drew a $350 fine for ‘*racquet abuse’. 1996Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 4 July 40 Goran also received a warning from the umpire for racket abuse. Not even the presence of his parish priest could make Goran behave.
▪ III. racket, n.3|ˈrækɪt|
Also 8–9 racquet.
[Prob. onomatopœic. Gael. racaid, sometimes cited as the source, is no doubt from Eng.]
1. a. Disturbance, loud noise, uproar, din; usually such as is produced by noisy or disorderly conduct on the part of one or more persons.
In quot. 1597 with pun on racket n.2
1565Abp. Parker Corr. (Parker Soc.) 234, I send you a letter sent to me of the racket stirred up by Withers. 1597Shakes. 2 Hen. IV, ii. ii. 23 But that the Tennis-Court-keeper knowes better then I, for it is a low ebbe of Linnen with thee, when thou kept'st not Racket there. a1641Bp. R. Montagu Acts & Mon. (1642) 323 Antonius..hearing what racket the Parthians kept in Syria. 1712Steele Spect. No. 336 ⁋3 After all this Racket and Clutter [etc.]. 1792Elvina II. 98 We wanted quiet, not racket. 1877Black Green Past. xlii. (1878) 336 A quiet country life—no racket except the roosters in the morning.
b. With a and pl. An instance of this.
1622Mabbe tr. Aleman's Guzman d'Alf. ii. 261 Then will shee keepe a racket, and cry out. 1683Pol. Ballads (1860) I. 243 And made such a riot..That never before such a racket was known. 1741Richardson Pamela (1824) I. 53 Your daughter has made a strange racket in my family. 1777F. Burney Early Diary 7 Apr., The drums and trumpets again made a racket. 1824Scott St. Ronan's i, Such dashers occasioned many a racket in Meg's house.
fig.1855J. H. Newman Callista (1890) 87 There is such a racket and whirl of religions on all sides of me.
c. A noisy expression of opinion or feeling; clamour, outcry; excitement or fuss (about something, or with a person).
1652Culpepper Eng. Physic. 182 What a noise Authours have made of Roses, what a ‘Racket’ they have kept up. 1755J. Shebbeare Lydia (1769) II. 270 She was astonished..at the racket which was made about a son of such a creature. 1789C. Smith Ethelinde (1814) I. 11 Though her father has always made such a racket with her.
2. a. The noise and whirl of society; excessive social excitement or dissipation.
1784R. Bage Barham Downs I. 118 Charm'd with dress and trumpery, with racket and dissipation. 1822Scott 4 Sept. in Fam. Lett. (1894) II. xviii. 149, I did not wish for you in the midst of all this racquet of mirth and war. 1850Thackeray Lett., to Mrs. Brookfield, With all this racket and gaiety, do you understand that a gentleman feels very lonely? 1886Spectator 6 Feb. 175/1 Dr. Johnson..did not live in the racket of Society.
b. A large or noisy social gathering.
1745Eliza Heywood Female Spect. No. 12 (1748) II. 269 She told me, that when the number of company for play exceeded ten tables, it was called a racquet. 1750Johnson Rambler No. 97 ⁋4 To idle amusements, and to negligence of domestic business, to wicked rackets. 1876T. Hardy Ethelberta (1890) 402 She'll have her routs and her rackets as well as the high-born ones.
c. A dance: see quots.
1882L. O. Carpenter J.W. Pepper's Universal Dancing Master 33 Racquette..Make three galop steps or slides to the left, throwing the foot out in second position... Slide to right [etc.]. 1882P. V. Cartier Practical Illustrated Waltz Instructor 45 The Racquet..Take two long galop slides with left foot on accent, and as right foot is brought up to left foot for second time, rest, and hold left foot in air. Repeat by sliding with right foot, etc. 1885A. Dodworth Dancing vii. 51 Racket Waltz (One-Slide Racket in Waltz Time). Ibid. 52 Changes are made..by alternating the one-slide racket with the three-slide. 1935D. N. Cropper Dance Dict. 54 Racket, popular 6/8 number of the ‘nineties’. Basic step: a waltz form with leap (1) slide (&) change-cut (2).
3. slang.
a. A trick, dodge, scheme, game, line of business or action. Now usually, any scheme or procedure which aims at obtaining money or effecting other objects by unusual, illegal, and often violent means; a distinctive form of organized crime.
1812J. H. Vaux Flash Dict., Racket, some particular kinds of fraud and robbery are so termed. 1851Mayhew Lond. Labour I. 224/1, I did wear a shovel hat when the Bishop of London was our racket. 1884Bread-winners 183 That's just our racket. 1928Daily Express 14 Sept. 1/1 The ‘racket’ has for years been distinctively a Chicago institution; and it has been found to be such a profitable form of crime there that it is spreading to the other large cities of the Middle West. 1931Sun (Baltimore) 4 Apr. 1/4 One racket in New York State alone—that of fake securities— is known to total approximately $100,000,000 a year. 1940E. Gill Autobiogr. vii. 259 It [sc. politics] is all a confused business of ramps and rackets—pretended quarrels and dishonest commercial schemings, having no relation to the real interests of peoples, neither to their spirtual nor their material welfare. 1944M. Laski Love on Supertax xii. 117 You organised all this Black Market racket, didn't you? 1950G. Brenan Face of Spain ii. 54 Of all the rackets recorded in history, the Spanish Inquisition, during the first hundred years of its career, was perhaps the most mean and repulsive. 1956‘C. Blackstock’ Dewey Death iv. 83 Mr. Wilson is now telling everybody that I.L.D.A. is the secret headquarters of the drug racket. 1974J. Gardner Return of Moriarty 31 All our family is affected if we start to lose in any racket, any lay. 1977Times 29 Nov. 14/2 Ulster by the middle of 1974 was suffering from rackets and violent crime on a scale equal to some of Europe's most notorious cities.
b. In more weakened senses: an activity, a way of life; a line of business.
1891Kipling & Balestier Naulahka vi, What's your lay? What's your racket? 1907R. Dunn Shameless Diary of Explorer xviii. 251 The Professor is working his faith-in-God-and-self, and line-of-least resistance racket, a mite too strong. 1916J. Buchan Greenmantle i. 4, I thrive on the racket and eat and sleep like a schoolboy. 1927Vanity Fair (N.Y.) XXIX. 132/3 ‘What's your racket?’ meaning ‘What do you do for a living?’ 1930Sun (Baltimore) 12 Feb. 10/7 My satisfaction would be complete if there were a 100 per cent rush for the doors that would entirely eliminate the encore racket. 1931F. L. Allen Only Yesterday vii. 172 At the beginning of the decade advertising had been considered a business..by the end of the decade many of its practitioners..were beginning to refer to it—among themselves—as a racket. 1936Amer. Speech XI. 274/2 Nowadays a racket may be a legitimate business... A man may say..‘I rather like the racket I'm in’, referring to his business. 1938Downside Review LVI. 100 It is true that the phrase ‘muscling in on the culture racket’ reflects a development of English word-usage from which the present reviewer had perhaps been preserved by monastic seclusion. 1942R.A.F. Jrnl. 3 Oct. 11, I sold insurance, and..that's the racket to develop your wits. 1944J. S. Huxley On living in Revol. 23 What with football, racing, the cinema, the theatre, popular literature, and holiday resorts, recreation is today one of the most profitable commercial rackets. 1978J. Updike Coup (1979) vi. 239, I am in the insurance racket. I am a claims adjuster.
4. An exciting or trying situation or experience; an ordeal. to stand the racket, (a) to hold out against strain or wear and tear; (b) to face the consequences of an action; (c) to pay.
1823‘J. Bee’ Dict. Turf, ‘Racket—to stand the’, when one of a set stands forward to bear all the blame. 1827T. Wilson Pitman's Pay ii. 63 Sic tussels nobbit pluck could settle, For nowse less could the racket stand. 1837Whittock Bk. Trades (1842) 404 (Shoemaker) Upon this..preparation depends his work standing the racket of adverse seasons. 1846Swell's Night Guide 132/2 Stand the racket, treat, pay for all. 1878Besant & Rice Celia's Arb. xxxii. (1887) 237, I escaped and came out of the whole racket unwounded. 1904G. K. Chesterton Napoleon of N.H. iii. iii. 168 ‘Can we do fifteen hundred pounds?’ ‘I'll stand the racket.’ 1905Pall Mall Mag. Dec. 678/2 If there is trouble, it will be for Great Britain to stand the racket. 1930Punch 19 Feb. 204/3 If her..friend had been a sportsman he'd have stood the racket himself.
5. Sc. A hard blow; a severe slap.
1710Ruddiman Douglas æneis, Gloss. s.v. Rak, More frequently..we use Racket, as he gave him a racket on the lug, i.e. a box on the ear. 1810Cock's Simple Strains 135 (Jam.) The wabster lad bang'd to his feet, An' gae 'im a waefu racket.
6. attrib. and Comb., as racket-buster, racket-busting (n. and adj.), racket-ridden (adj.), racket ring.
1940Sun (Baltimore) 21 Nov. 1/2 Sol Gelb..had been assigned by the New York ‘racket-buster’ to watch the hearing. 1959Times Lit. Suppl. 30 Jan. 55/4 Mr Danforth was senior investigator..from 1935–1951, when former Governor Thomas E. Dewey was the courageous D.A...and his famous racket-busting took place. 1972‘H. Howard’ Nice Day for Funeral iv. 58 Until the motive is established beyond doubt this case remains part of the DA's racket⁓busting programme. 1978Time 3 July 55/2 Died. Luther W. Youngdahl, 82, unflappable federal judge who..was appointed to the bench in 1951 after five years as a racket⁓busting Republican Governor of Minnesota.
1931F. D. Pasley Muscling In v. 138 New York stood revealed as the most racket-ridden city in the country. 1973Black Panther 5 May 2/2 It is widely known that Inman is himself a king pin in the city's organized crime and racket rings.
▪ IV. † ˈracket, v.1 Obs.
Also 7 rackat.
[f. racket n.2]
1. trans. To strike with, or as with, a racket; to toss or bandy about. Chiefly fig.
1603Florio Montaigne iii. ix. (1613) 540 The Gods perdie doe reckon and racket us men as their tennis balles. 1609B. Jonson Case is Altered iv. iv, Then think, then speak,..And racket round about this body's court These two sweet words, 'tis safe. 1631R. H. Arraignm. Whole Creature xiv. §2. 244 They are moveable as Shittlecockes, or Tennis Balls, now rackated here, now there. 1705G. Scrope Epit. on himself (St. Michael's, Coventry), Here lyes an Old Toss'd Tennis ball Was Racketted from Spring to Fall.
b. to racket away: To lose (money) in playing with a racket. Also transf.
1612Webster White Devil ii. i, I shall not shortly Racket away five hundred crowns at tennis But it shall rest upon record! 1861F. W. Robinson No Church I. iv. 95 An improvident young man, who..would racket away all the money he might be able to leave her.
2. to racket it: To carry a racket. rare—1.
1605Chapman, etc. Eastw. Hoe i. i, There's thy fellowe Prentise, as good a Gentleman borne as thou art..But does he pumpe it or Racket it?
▪ V. racket, v.2|ˈrækɪt|
[f. racket n.3]
1. intr. To live a gay life, to take part in social excitement. Also with about.
1760Gray Lett., to Dr. Clarke, Poems (1775) 282 Company and cards at home, parties by land and water abroad, and..racketing about from morning to night. 1792Elvina II. 132 Sir Edward will not allow Elvina to racket any more for some time. 1833Macaulay in Life & Lett. (1880) I. 346, I have been racketing lately, having dined twice with Rogers and once with Grant.
2. intr. To make a noise or racket; to move about in a noisy way. Also const. about, along, around.
1827Capt. Hardman Waterloo 16 A ball from their infantry went through my jacket, Took the skin off my side, and made me racket. 1851S. Judd Margaret xvii. 151 The wind blazed and racketed through the narrow space between the house and the hill. 1885B. Potter Jrnl. 6 May (1966) 141 How is it these high-heeled ladies who dine out..can racket about all day long, while I..am so tired toward the end of the afternoon that I can scarcely keep my feet? 1897R. Kipling Capt. Cour. iv. 86 The pots and pans..jarred and racketed to each plunge. 1914W. Owen Let. 21 Dec. (1967) 309, I racketed about all Saturday making luggage out of lumber. 1916‘Boyd Cable’ Action Front 197 A dozen paces away two of the battalion machine-guns were clattering and racketing in rapid gusts of fire. 1929M. de la Roche Whiteoaks xiv. 188 Aha..that's what I like to hear! Young lads racketing about! 1936A. Ransome Pigeon Post vi. 69 But do you think we'll hear it?’ said Mrs. Blackett, ‘when we're racketing about and busy with other things.’ 1967J. C. Holmes Nothing More to Declare i. 20 We read it in an empty subway car racketing along under the deserted streets. 1970G. Greer Female Eunuch 331 The first significant discovery we shall make as we racket along our female road to freedom is that men are not free. 1977‘L. Egan’ Blind Search i. 12 That girl racketing around heaven knows where or with what sort of characters. 1977W. M. Spackman Armful of Warm Girl 34 Guests..racketing up into the bedroom.
b. To get up with noise and confusion.
1847Alb. Smith Chr. Tadpole lii. (1879) 445 They're..obliged to racket up too early in the morning to catch the train, to take anything.
3. trans. To keep lively, to disturb, destroy (also with away), etc. by racketing. rare.
1753Richardson Grandison (1781) VI. xxvii. 166 Dearly do we love racketing; and, another whisper, some of us to be racketed. 1777Lady S. Lennox in Life & Lett. (1901) I. 261 The racketting their health so entirely away. 1827Hone Every-day Bk. II. 820 A racketty life had racketted his frame. 1886H. Ward Beecher in Hom. Rev. May 421 We hear the whole land racketed with the disturbance produced by labor and capital.
▪ VI. racket
var. rackett. |