| 释义 |
convocation|kɒnvəʊˈkeɪʃən|
[ad. L. convocātiōn-em, n. of action f. convocāre (see above). Cf. F. convocation (14th c. in Littré).]
1. The action of calling together or assembling by summons; the state or fact of being called together.
1413Lydg. Pilgr. Sowle i. xxxvii. (1859) 41 The Prouoste lete make a grete conuocacion. 1549Compl. Scot. xi. 93 Quhen kyng eduard maid ane conuocatione of al the nobillis of scotland at the toune of ayre. 1678Trans. Crt. Spain ii. 9 The convocation of the Army is to be on Monday next. 1777Watson Philip II (1839) 43 To procure the convocation of a general council, for suppressing heresy. 1887Pall Mall G. 24 Oct. 7/1 They shall meet, on convocation by their senior member, in order to make the necessary inquiries.
2. An assembly of persons called together or met in answer to a summons.
1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VII. 111 Þere was i-made a seyne and a convocacioun aboute þe chesyng of þe bisshop. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 92 b, In a generall conuocacyon or counseyle of ony congregacyon or couent. 1602Shakes. Ham. iv. iii. 21 A certaine conuocation of politick wormes are e'ne at him. Your worm is your onely Emperor for diet. 1611Bible Ex. xii. 16 And in the first day there shalbe an holy conuocation. 1789T. Jefferson Writ. (1859) II. 588 We may hope a happy issue from the approaching convocation. 1862C. Wordsworth Hymn, ‘O day of Rest’, To holy convocations The silver trumpet calls.
3. spec. In the Church of England: A provincial synod or assembly of the clergy, constituted by statute and called together to deliberate on ecclesiastical matters.
There is a convocation of each of the provinces, Canterbury and York. The former is the more important, and is often referred to as ‘Convocation’ simply; it consists of two Houses, an Upper and a Lower (on the model of the Houses of Parliament). It was convoked originally in the time of Edward I, at the same time as the lay Parliament, for the purpose of self-taxation, but it gradually assumed synodical powers. In Ireland a convocation, supposed to be the first, formed by a union of the four provincial synods, met in Dublin in 1615; after the disestablishment of the Irish Church, it was superseded by the General Synod of the Church of Ireland, composed of both clergy and laity.
a1400Cov. Myst. (Shaks. Soc.) 261 The cownsel-hous beforn-seyd xal sodeynly onclose schewyng the buschopys, prestys, and jewgys syttyng in here astat lyche as it were a convocacyon. 1472Paston Lett. No. 687 III. 33 Also the[r] schalle be a convocacion off the Clergye in all haste. 1534Act 25 Hen. VIII, c. 19 The Clergie of the Realme of England haue knowledged..that the Conuocations of the same Clergie is, alwaies hath beene, and ought to be assembled only by the Kings writ. 1548Hall Chron. 52 We haue in our spirituall conuocacion graunted to your highnes suche a some of money as, etc. a1654Selden Table-T. (Arb.) 18 They [the Thirty-nine Articles] were made at three several Convocations. 1710Swift Lett. (1767) III. 2 My duty to the bishop of Clogher..I take it ill he was not at convocation. 1765Blackstone Comm. i. 380 As arch-bishop, he, upon receipt of the king's writ, calls the bishops and clergy of his province to meet in convocation: but without the king's writ he cannot assemble them. 1878Stubbs Const. Hist. III. 319 The convocations of the two provinces..have undergone, except in the removal of the monastic members at the dissolution, no change of organisation from the reign of Edward I down to the present day.
b. In the American Episcopal Church: A voluntary organization of the clergy of a subdivision of some of the dioceses, for mutual conference, promotion of missionary work, etc., but having no legislative function. Its president is called the Dean of Convocation. The name is also applied to the division of the diocese in question, e.g. ‘Convocation of East Tennessee’.
The analogue in England is a conference of the clergy of an archdeaconry or rural deanery.
4. In the English Universities:
a. At Oxford and Durham: The great legislative assembly of the University, consisting of all qualified members of the degree of M.A.; also, a meeting of this body (the earlier sense). In the University of London, and the Royal University of Ireland, a body consisting of all registered graduates, having the power of discussing and expressing an opinion on any matter connected with the interests of the University, and of electing certain members of the Senate.
†b. At Cambridge, formerly: An assembly of the Senate out of term. Obs.
[1432Oxford Statute in Anstey Mun. Acad. 312 In Convocatione seu Congregatione magistrorum ubilibet celebratura. 1477Junior Proctor's Bk. (Anstey 481), Ante magnam Convocationem Regentium et Non-regentium.] 1511[see congregation 3 b]. 1577Earl of Leicester Letter 8 Apr. (in Oxf. Archives), I..have thought good thus farre to open the whole matter to you in Convocation. a1644Laud Hist. his Chanc. of Oxf. 7 (T.), I was named in convocation one of the delegates myself. 1679Prideaux Lett. (Camden) 67 Your letter having passed the Convocation this afternoon. 1755Ld. Arran in Gentl. Mag. LXI. ii. 895 That I shall act agreeably to the sentiments of the whole University in desiring that it may be proposed in convocation to confer on him [Johnson] the degree of Master of Arts. 1835Stat. in Durham Univ. Cal. (1837) 75 That the number of Terms [etc.] shall, until settled by Statute, be determined by the Senate and Convocation. 1872Oxford Statutes xx. iv. 3 The Vice-Chancellor shall have power to hold Congregations and Convocations in the Theatre, when he shall think fit. 1882Ibid. v. v. §1. 1 No person shall be eligible [to sit on a Board of Faculty] who is not a member of Convocation.
b.1688in Wall Cerem. Univ. Camb. (ed. Gunning) 429 May it please you that this Convocation be turned into a Congregation, and that this day [28 June] and tomorrow be Term, and that the 15th and 16th of November next be Non-Term for the death of Dr. Cudworth. 1828Ibid. 230 [For the election of] Members of Parlt...the Vice-Chancellor gives four days notice, at least, of the Election, at a Congregation or Convocation. Ibid. 239 If the notice, etc. be at a Convocation, the forms of the Notice, Nomination, and Voting, are in English [not in Latin as in Congregation].
†5. The parliament of tinners in Cornwall: see convocator and stannary. Obs.
1703Luttrell Brief Rel. (1857) V. 342 The convocation of tinners met the 16th instant at Truro in Cornwall. 1778W. Pryce Min. Cornub. 318 Convocation and Convocators, or Parliament of Tinners. All stannary laws are enacted by the several convocations.
6. Comb. Convocation-house, the place where a convocaton meets; the assembly itself, the ‘House’ of Convocation; † Convocation-man, a member of a convocation.
1571Golding Calvin on Ps. xxiv. 6 Beeing desired to sitte down..by the Usher of the *Convocation house. 1641Termes de la Ley 77 The higher Convocation house, where the Archbishops and Bishops sit severally by themselves; the other, the lower Convocation house, where all the rest of the Clergie are bestowed. 1691Wood Ath. Oxon. II. 716 The senior Proctor having sprain'd his leg..and therefore not able to come to the convocation house to be admitted. 1710Hearne Collect. 5 Mar. (Oxf. Hist. Soc.) II. 354 The Apodyterium of the Convocation-House. 1870Oxford Statutes x. iii. §2. 14 All notices hereinbefore required to be issued shall be given by affixing a paper to the door of the Convocation House.
1640in Rushw. Hist. Coll. (1692) iii. I. 42 To consider whether any man Complained of here, being a *Convocation-man, may not by Authority of this House be sent for by the Serjeant at Arms. 1711Hearne Collect. III. 245 Mr. Giffard was three times Convocation-Man for the Church of Peterborough. |