| 释义 |
solitude|ˈsɒlɪtjuːd|
Also 6 soll-.
[a. OF. solitude (also mod.F., = Sp. solitud, Pg. solitude, It. solitudine) or ad. L. sōlitūdo, f. sōlus alone. Not in common use in English until the 17th c.]
In poetry, esp. of the 18th century, freq. more or less personified in senses 1 and 2, or in a blending of these.
1. The state of being or living alone; loneliness, seclusion, solitariness (of persons).
c1374Chaucer Compl. Mars 65 She hath so grete compassion on her knyght, That dwelleth in solitude til she come. 1592Kyd Sp. Trag. i. iv, For sollitude best fits my cheereles mood. 1625Bacon Ess., Friendship (Arb.) 165 But little doe Men perceiue, what Solitude is, and how farre it extendeth. 1663S. Patrick Parab. Pilgr. xxix. (1687) 345 As the wise employ their Solitude in pious counsels. 1709Lady M. W. Montagu Let. to Miss A. Wortley 8 Aug., Your letters..are the only pleasures of my solitude. 1764R. Burn Poor Laws 199 There can be no more effectual means..than those of solitude and fasting. 1818Byron Ch. Har. iv. xxxiii, If from society we learn to live, 'Tis solitude should teach us how to die. 1856Vaughan Mystics (1860) I. 53 Solitude brings no escape from spiritual danger. 1887Ruskin Præterita II. 237, I was not, as I used to suppose, born for solitude.
†b. The fact of being sole or unique. Obs. rare.
1642H. More Song of Soul iv. 20 All the arguments that I have brought For to disprove the souls strange solitude. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 133 Nor will the solitude of the Phœnix allow this denomination, for many there are of that species.
2. Loneliness (of places); remoteness from habitations; absence of life or stir.
1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. iv. x. 121 b, The desart is of greate compasse and Solitude. 1639Massinger Unnatural Combat iv. ii, His doors are fast locked up, and solitude Dwells round about them. 1729Law Serious Call xxi. 419 The solitude of his little Parish is become matter of great comfort to him. 1794Mrs. Radcliffe Myst. Udolpho xxxi, During several hours, they travelled through regions of profound solitude. 1825Scott Betrothed x, A bustle, equally different from the solitude of the early morning, and from the roar and fury of the subsequent engagement. 1849James Woodman i, Then all was stillness and solitude once more. 1873Hamerton Intell. Life ix. vi. 325 The solitude of the infinite sea.
3. A lonely, unfrequented, or uninhabited place.
1570–6Lambarde Peramb. Kent (1826) 192 Being then a meere solitude, and on no part inhabited. 1617Moryson Itin. iii. 125 There be vast solitudes and untilled Desarts on all sides. 1660F. Brooke tr. Le Blanc's Trav. 184 High Mountaines, and inpenitrable forests, solitudes, and frightfull deserts. 1712Steele in Pope's Wks. (1757) VII. 180, I am at a solitude, an house between Hampstead and London. 1788Gibbon Decl. & F. xliii. IV. 277 That busy scene was converted into a silent solitude. 1816Byron Ch. Har. iii. cii, A populous solitude of bees and birds. 1854Milman Lat. Chr. iii. vi. II. 77 Their Solitudes ceased to be solitary. 1873Symonds Grk. Poets x. 319 An Italian of the present day avoids ruinous places and solitudes however splendid.
fig.1843Carlyle Past & Pr. iii. xii, Peopling..the unmeasured solitudes of Time!
4. A complete absence or lack. rare.
1605Bacon Adv. Learn. ii. To the King §8 Hence it proceedeth that Princes find a solitude, in regard of able men to serve them. 1821Lamb Elia i. Old Benchers Inner Temple, Thomas Coventry.., who made a solitude of children wherever he came. |