| 释义 |
sonicate, n. and v.|ˈsɒnɪkeɪt|
[f. sonic a. + -ate, after filtrate, precipitate.]
A. n. A sample which has been subjected to ultrasound so as to fragment the macromolecules and membranes in it.
1958M. Litt et al. in Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. XLIV. 144 The production of sonicates (degraded samples) covering more than a tenfold range in molecular weight. 1958Nishihara & Doty in Ibid. 412 Eight 30-cc. aliquots of a stock solution..were exposed to 9-kilocycle sonic waves in a 50-watt Raytheon magnetostriction generator... The samples produced in this way, termed ‘sonicates’, are listed. 1979Nature 25 Jan. 314/2 (caption) Calvaria were washed again, sonicated, and the sonicate ultracentrifuged.
B. v. trans. To subject to such treatment.
1960Biochem. & Biophys. Res. Communications III. 471 Tumor mitochondria were sonicated at maximum intensity (1·3 amps) for two 2·5-minute periods. 1974Nature 20 Dec. 655/1 (caption) The DNA fragments were prepared by sonicating calf thymus DNA to a molecular weight of 5·4 × 105. 1978[see below].
Hence ˈsonicated ppl. a.; soniˈcation, treatment with ultrasound; ˈsonicator, an apparatus for treating samples in this way.
1958Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. XLIV. 150 The loss in activity due to sonication occurs only as a result of reduction in molecular size below that required for attachment. 1959Brookhaven Symp. in Biol. XII. 11 The variance due to any change in compositional heterogeneity of the sonicated sample, can be obtained. 1964Jrnl. Cellular & Compar. Physiol. LXIV. 153/1 Washed ghosts were sonicated for ten minutes using an MSE 60 W sonicator. 1969Nature 20 Dec. 1164/2 The supernatant contains the polymerase, which may then be assayed simply by adding sonicated calf thymus DNA. 1970Sci. Jrnl. Apr. 42 Cleaning these parts is a major branch of ultraclean technology involving the application of special solvents, the use of ‘sonication’—ultrasonic vibration—to jar the dirt loose,..and many other highly specialized procedures. 1978Jrnl. Protozool. XXV. 492/2 Other aliquots of E[ncephalitozoon] cuniculi..were sonicated using a Bronson sonicator. |