| 释义 |
† sparple, v. Obs.
Forms: α. 4, 6 sparpil(l, 5 sparpeyll, 5–6 sparpyll(e, 6 -el(l, 6–7 -al(l, 4–6 (9) sparple; 4–5 sparpoil, 6 -ole; 5 sperpule, 5–6 sperpele, -ale, -ole, sperple. β. 4–6 sparble, 6 sparbel-. (See also sparfle v., sparkle v.2, and spartle v.1)
[ad. OF. esparpeillier (12th c.; mod.F. éparpiller), = Prov. esparpalhar, Catal. esparpillar, It. sparpagliare, to scatter, disperse, send in all directions: of uncertain origin, cf. disparple v.]
1. intr. To go or run in different directions; to disperse or scatter.
αc1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 8488 Fele were slayn als þey fledde, & fleyng þey sparplyed & spredde. c1420Wars Alex. (Prose) 39 (E.E.T.S.), Wate þou noȝte wele þat a wolfe chasez a grete floke of schepe & gerse þam sparple. c1450St. Cuthbert (Surtees) 7826 On þe ferth day þai sparpylled. c1475Rauf Coilȝear 26 Ilk ane tuik ane seir way, And sperpellit full fer.
βc1440Partonope 1076 (Roxb. Cl.), For Partanope made hym sparble wyde. c1450Merlin xvii. 274 Than sparbled the saisnes and turned bakke towarde her chyuachie.
2. trans. To cast or throw here and there or in different directions; to scatter; to disperse or separate unduly or improperly.
a1350John Bapt. 222 in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1881) 126 Þe banes þat þai fand Sparpilled þai wide in þe land. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xix. cxxxi. (1495) 942 The rough voyc is hose and sparplyd by smalle and dyuers brethynge. a1400–50Alexander 4162 Þan ferd þai forth..& freschly assemblis All at was sperpolid on þe spene & spilt with þe blastis. 1487Sc. Acts Parlt. (1814) II. 178 Nor the merchandis gudis be strikin vp nor vnresonably sperpalit. 1513Douglas æneid xi. xii. 50 With sik rebound and rewyne wonder sayr That he his lyfe hes sparpellit in the ayr. 1542St. Papers Hen. VIII, III. 374 The Kinges Majesties Judges..wer so sperplid or severid from other, not two in one housse. 1566Drant tr. Hor., Sat. i. i. A iij, If that thou spende and sparple it, no dodkin wyll abyde. 1819W. Tennant Papistry Storm'd v. (1827) 152 The heukle-banies black That sparpled lay about like wrack Or tangles on a shore.
b. To disperse by distribution or division among persons. Chiefly Sc.
1435Misyn Fire of Love 24 Gudes þe whilk he has ouer his nede, to þame þat it nedis he sparpyll. 1533Bellenden Livy ii. iii. 138 The faderis has dividit þe croun amang þame self, and sparpellit his riches and guddis amang þe pepill. 1581Reg. Privy Council Scot. III. 414 The guidis and geir of the foirsaidis rebellis..ar sparpallit and devidit in the handes of sindre personis. 1615Ibid. X. 343 [They have] sparpallit and disponit upoun the same gold and silver at thair pleasour.
3. To break up, scatter, disperse (an assembly, army, fleet, etc.) by superior force. Freq. with abroad.
α1382Wyclif 2 Sam. xviii. 8 Forsothe there was the batail sparpoild vpon the face of al the loond. c1420Wars Alex. (Prose) 74 (E.E.T.S.), Thare na gouernour es þe folke are sparpled belyfe als schepe þat ere wit owtten ane hirde. 1489Caxton Faytes of A. i. xxiv. 74 So were they in parell to be broken and sparpeylled abrode. c1500Melusine 165, I..shal shew you of the viii vessels that were sparpylled by the tempeste. 1549Thomas Hist. Italy 186 Andrew and his men behaued them selfes so valiauntly, that they sparpled the imperiall army abrode. 1582N. Lichefield tr. Castanheda's Conq. E. Ind. i. lviii. 121 b, There was made a great slaughter, yea, farre greater then in the fieldes, for that there they were sperpeled and heere they tooke them altogether in their streets.
βa1513Fabyan Chron. vii. (1811) 375 Where thorough that symple feleshyp whiche named theym self shepherdes, was disseueryd and sparbelyd. Ibid. 636 The Kynges hoost was sparbled and chasyd.
4. To disperse in a more or less regular or methodical manner.
c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 158 Þe veyne arisynge comeþ to þe mydrif; & sum partie of hir is sparpoiled þoruȝ þe mydrif & þe lymes of þe brest. 1536Bellenden Cron. Scot. (1821) I. 48 King Rewtha brocht all maner of craftis⁓men out of othir contres, and sparpellit thaim in sindry schiris of his realme. 1553T. Wilson Rhet. 90 There is another kind of exornacion that is not equally sparpled throughout the whole oration.
5. To spread abroad or disseminate (rumours, news, etc.).
1536–7Ld. Derby in 6th Report Hist. MSS. Commission 445/2 Which letters and devises they sparple abroad. 1548Udall, etc. Erasm. Par. John vii. 52 These sayinges were by secrete whisperinges sperpled abrode. 1582J. Melvill Autobiog. (Wodrow Soc.) 132 Newes war sparpelit athort the countrey, that the Ministers war all to be thair massacred. |