| 释义 |
▪ I. creed, n.|kriːd|
Forms: 1 creda, 2–6 crede, 5–6 Sc. creid(e, 6–7 creede, 7– creed.
[OE. créda, ad. L. crēdo I believe: see credo.
(Cf. Pogatscher Lehnworte im Altengl. §137.)]
1. A form of words setting forth authoritatively and concisely the general belief of the Christian Church, or those articles of belief which are regarded as essential; a brief summary of Christian doctrine: usually and properly applied to the three statements of belief known as the Apostles', Nicene, and Athanasian Creeds. (the Creed, without qualification, usually = the Apostles' Creed.)
a1000in Thorpe O.E. Hom. II. 596 Se læssa creda. Ibid. 274 ælc cristen man sceal æfter rihte cunnan his credan. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 25 Þe salm þe me clepeð crede. a1225Ancr. R. 20 Þus doð..iðe Crede et tis word ‘natus ex Maria uirgine’. c1394P. Pl. Crede 8 Y can nohȝt my Crede. c1440J. Capgrave Life St. Kath. Prol. 167 Þis athanasius..ȝef it wer he Þat made þe psalme qwech we clepe þe crede. 1483Caxton Cato C ij, The thre credes the whyche our moder holy chirche singeth. 1533Gau Richt Vay To Rdr. (1888) 5 Thay suld leir the chrissine faith as it is contenit in the creid. 1664H. More Myst. Iniq. 495 The Scripture asserting no such thing..nor any of the Three Creeds. 1782Priestley Corrupt. Chr. II. viii. 117 It had been the custom to repeat the creed. 1891Gardiner Hist. Gt. Civ. War III. 256 Atheism or blasphemy contrary to the doctrine of the three Creeds.
b. A repetition of the creed, as an act of devotion.
1425Ord. Whittington's Alms-house in Entick London (1766) IV. 354, xv Pater Nosters, and thre credes. 1808Scott Marm. i. xxvi, Before his beads Have marked ten aves and two creeds.
c. More generally: A formula of religious belief; a confession of faith, esp. one held as authoritative and binding upon the members of a communion.
1676Marvell Gen. Councils Wks. 1875 IV. 124 That we should believe ever the more for a Creed, it cannot be expected. 1833Declar. of Faith, &c. in Congregational Year-Bk., Disallowing the utility of creeds and articles of religion as a bond of union. 1845S. Austin Ranke's Hist. Ref. III. 269 The Wittenberg reformers took, as basis of their creed, the Schwabach articles. 1884R. W. Dale Manual Congreg. Princ. iv. iii. 186 Nor is it consistent with Congregational principles for a particular church to draw up a Creed and to require its acceptance by candidates for membership.
2. An accepted or professed system of religious belief; the faith of a community or an individual, esp. as expressed or capable of expression in a definite formula.
[1563N. Winȝet tr. Vincentius Lirinensis Ded. Wks. 1890 II. 8 We and al wtheris professing our commoun crede.] 1573Tusser Husb. (1878) 194 This is my stedfast Creede, my faith, and all my trust. 1742Young Nt. Th. iv. 705 Nature is Christian..And bids dead matter aid us in our creed. 1857Kingsley Lett. (1878) I. 257 Every man is better and worse than his creed. 1860Whittier Quaker Alumni xxxii, The creed may be wrong, but the life may be true. 1874Green Short Hist. v. 229.
b. transf. A system of belief in general; a set of opinions on any subject, e.g. politics or science.
1613Shakes. Hen. VIII, ii. ii. 51, I loue him not, nor feare him, there's my Creede. 1654Whitlock Zootomia 72 If the Sex cannot, much lesse can Conception be discerned, though it be part of the peoples Creed it may. 1733Lady Bolingbroke in Swift's Lett. (1766) II. 175 As to your creed in politics, I will heartily..subscribe to it. 1770Junius Lett. xli. 210 A declaration of your political creed. 1800Med. Jrnl. III. 378 His favourite chemical creed. 1870Emerson Soc. & Solit., Old Age Wks. (Bohn) III. 132 The cynical creed..of the market.
c. Belief, faith (in reference to a single fact). rare.
1819Byron Juan i. cvi, Her creed in her own innocence. 1838H. G. Knight Normans in Sicily 340 note, It was the creed of the Greek..Church, that St. Catherine was a king's daughter.
3. Comb., as creed-bond, creed-bound adj., creed-maker, creed-making, creed-monger, creed-mongering, creed-subscription.
1736Chandler Hist. Persec. 108 A kind of Creed-maker general. 1782Cowper Hope 393 ‘Whatever some creed-makers mean By Athanasian nonsense, or Nicene.’ 1856Whittier Trinitas xiii, Old pages, where (God give them rest!) The poor creed-mongers dreamed and guessed. 1879Geo. Eliot Theo. Such xiii. 332 A shade of Creed-reciting belief. 1880Fraser's Mag. Nov. 703 The Creed-making power in any creative sense is lost to the Church.
▪ II. † creed, v. Obs.
[ad. L. crēdĕre to believe: after creed n.]
trans. (also absol.) To believe.
1602Warner Alb. Eng. xii. lxxv. (1612) 313 Nor creeded be this Loue-Tale. 1605Sylvester Du Bartas, Sonn. late Peace xxxvi. Wks. 598 One Ouer-Creeds, another Creeds too short. 1645Milton Colast. Wks. 1738 I. 296 That part which is so creeded by the People. 1652C. B. Stapylton Herodian iv. 26 No humane worke they creed it is at all.
▪ III. creed pa. pple.
see cree.
▪ IV. creed
var. of greed, duckweed.
1880Jefferies Gt. Estate 26 The pond in the corner, all green with ‘creed’ or duck-weed. |