| 释义 |
dauphin Fr. Hist.|ˈdɔːfɪn|
Forms: α. 5–6 dolphyn, 6 dolphyne, dolphine, doulphyn, 6–8 dolphin; β. 5 daulphyn, 6–7 daulphin, 7– dauphin.
[a. F. dauphin (earlier daulphin, in 15th c. also doffin) = Pr. dalfin:—pop. L. *dalphīnus, for L. delphīn-us (ad. Gr. δελϕίς dolphin), whence Sp. delfin, It. delfino. In earlier use Eng. had daulphin, also dolphyn, -in, the same as the name of the fish; dauphin is after mod.F., since the 17th c. See dolphin.]
The title of the eldest son of the King of France, from 1349 to 1830.
Originally a title attached to certain seigneuries: Dauphin of the Viennois, Dauphin of Auvergne. According to Littré, the name Dauphin, borne by the lords of the Viennois, was a proper name Delphinus (the same word as the name of the fish), whence the province subject to them was called Dauphiné. Humbert III, the last lord of Dauphiné, on ceding the province to Philip of Valois in 1349, made it a condition that the title should be perpetuated by being borne by the eldest son of the French king.
(α) Form daulphin, dauphin.
1485Caxton Paris & V. 1 A ryche baron daulphyn and lord of the lond. a1577Sir T. Smith Commw. Eng. (1633) 44 In France the Kings eldest Sonne hath the title of Daulphin. 1614Selden Titles Hon. 172 The sonne and heire apparant of the French King is known to all by the name of Daulphin. 1681Nevile Plato Rediv. 107 The Barons call'd in Lewis the Dauphin. 1871Morley Voltaire (1880) 159 To celebrate the marriage of the dauphin.
(β) Form dolphin, dolphyn, doulphyn. (Rare after 1670.)
1494Fabyan Chron. vii. 500 Kyng Iohn..sent sir Charlys his sone, dolphyn of Vyenne, into Normandy. 1530Palsgr. 214/2 Doulphyn, the frenche kynges eldest sonne. 1559Mirr. Mag., Salisbury xxiii, Charles the Dolphyn our chief enemy. 1591Shakes. 1 Hen. VI, i. i. 92 The Dolphin Charles is crowned King in Rheimes. 1670Cotton Espernon ii. v. 216 The Joy all good Frenchmen were full of, for the Birth of the young Dolphin. 1708T. Ward Eng. Ref. (1716) 140 The Scottish Queen Had to the Dolphin married been.
†2. attrib. or adj. = delphin, q.v. Obs.
1705Hearne Collect. (Oxf. Hist. Soc.) I. 14 The Dauphin Edition of this Author.
Hence † dauphinage (dolphynage); also dauphinate, the rule or jurisdiction of a dauphin (of Viennois).
1494Fabyan Chron. vii. 498 In this yere the dolphyn of Vyen..solde his dolphynage vnto the Frenshe kynge. 1884J. Woodward in N. & Q. 16 Aug. 137 The dauphinate of Viennois was then vested in the Crown. |