单词 | shale |
释义 | shale (ʃeɪl ) Word forms: shales variable noun Shale is smooth soft rock that breaks easily into thin layers. We hope shale will be the next industry. Image of shale © Sakdinon Kadchiangsaen, Shutterstock Collocations: extract shale It was once too difficult and costly to extract shale gas. The Sun Councils will need to give planning approval before drillers can move in to extract shale gas. Times, Sunday Times The company has not ruled out using hydraulic fracturing - fracking - to extract shale gas by forcing liquid into the rock under high pressure. Times, Sunday Times Financed by profits of locally extracted shale gas, the fund will be aimed at creating a multi-city 'northern powerhouse' to rival the southeast. Times, Sunday Times Yet 150 have signed a petition calling for the process of extracting shale gas - which has not even started yet - to be suspended. The Sun This formation consists of a 3000ft m layer of shale, sandstone, and silt. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The two bodies of water are separated by a layer of shale and thus not connected. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 When gas or fluids migrate up through the sand and reach this impermeable layer, pressure may build up in the sand and push up against the impermeable layer of shale. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The occasional layer of shale also caused construction and conservation difficulties, as this rock expands in the presence of water, forcing apart the stone surrounding it. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Fracking involves blasting large amounts of water, sand and chemicals into layers of shale rock deep underground to release trapped natural gas. Times, Sunday Times Shale deposits may be close to towns and cities whose inhabitants may block their extraction. Times, Sunday Times Shale deposits occur in almost every corner of the world. Houston Chronicle However, the unexpected discovery of new gas reserves in shale deposits has changed the equation. Times, Sunday Times All told, the extraction of hydrocarbons from shale deposits added $62 billion to federal revenues in 2012. Times, Sunday Times The development costs and true potential of the shale deposits are unknown. Times, Sunday Times Shell has begun to use 'cube development', which involves linking multiple wells to extract all the oil from a shale formation at once, rather than gradually. Times, Sunday Times Oil shale formation takes place in a number of depositional settings and has considerable compositional variation. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 In the oil shale formation, the gas would cause pyrolysis, releasing shale oil vapors. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The technology has unlocked vast reserves of oil and gas in shale formations underground, transformed the energy industry and fuelled the fortunes of families. Times, Sunday Times It said that it would also test shale formations, however, and if the results were positive it would consider applying for fracking at the site. Times, Sunday Times Experts believe it may have the world's fifth largest shale reserves. The Sun Areas with shale reserves could receive up to 1.1bn in compensation. Times, Sunday Times The proven oil shale reserves comprise about 36 billion tonnes. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The first three have undergone some significant exploration and attempts to commercialize the oil shale reserves since the 1960s. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Several other countries are currently conducting research on their oil shale reserves and production methods to improve efficiency and recovery. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Energy extraction is also becoming more water-intensive as technological advances enable companies to extract fuel from resources such as tar sands and shale rock. Times, Sunday Times (2013) Shale gas is natural gas produced from shale rock formations. Times, Sunday Times (2012) It involves drilling for oil and gas in shale rock. The Sun (2014) Translations: Chinese: 页岩 Japanese: 頁岩 |
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