| 单词 | biological |
| 释义 | biological (baɪəlɒdʒɪkəl ) 1. adjective [usually ADJECTIVE noun] B2 Biological is used to describe processes and states that occur in the bodies and cells of living things. The living organisms somehow concentrated the minerals by biological processes. This is a natural biological response. biologically (baɪəlɒdʒɪkli ) adverb [ADVERB with verb] Much of our behaviour is biologically determined. Possibly we are accustomed, biologically speaking, to this background radiation. 2. adjective [ADJECTIVE noun] B2 Biological is used to describe activities concerned with the study of living things. ...all aspects of biological research associated with leprosy. ...the university's school of biological sciences. 3. adjective [usually ADJECTIVE noun] Biological weapons and biological warfare involve the use of bacteria or other living organisms in order to attack human beings, animals, or plants. Such a war could result in the use of chemical and biological weapons. 4. adjective [ADJECTIVE noun] Biological pest control is the use of bacteria or other living organisms in order to destroy other organisms which are harmful to plants or crops. ...Jim Litsinger, a consultant on biological control of agricultural pests. 5. adjective [ADJECTIVE noun] A child's biological parents are the man and woman who caused him or her to be born, rather than other adults who look after him or her. ...foster parents for young teenagers whose biological parents have rejected them. 6. adjective A biological washing powder contains substances called enzymes which dissolve dirt. Collocations: biological characteristics He wants to understand—and relay to chocolate eaters—not only the biological characteristics of the plant, but also the sensorial ones. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 A study was performed of funerary practices and biological characteristics of the massif populations. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 To achieve this, isotopes are used because they have similar chemical and biological characteristics. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 However, its biological characteristics make this species particularly vulnerable to over-fishing. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 From an initial 1963 publication on its biological characteristics, it has become the most studied species of spider. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Either way, biological complexity appears to have occurred much easier and faster than we thought. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 If theists provide a supernatural explanation for biological complexity, naturalistic scientists rule such an explanation out of court. Christianity Today Such layers of biological complexity should not be masked with the term 'scurvy'. The Times Literary Supplement Yet, both plants have the same basic biological complexity and do the same things--like flower--using approximately the same 25,000-43,000 genes. The Scientist There exist many more eukaryotic initiation factors than prokaryotic initiation factors due to greater biological complexity of eukaryotic cells. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The two extremes of cultural and biological determinism peddle hopelessly partial and impoverished views of human nature. The Times Literary Supplement But while there have clearly been brave, marginalised people chafing against biological determinism since the dawn of time, it seems inescapable that today there are rather more of them. Times, Sunday Times Supporters of hereditarianism reject this sense of biological determinism for most cases. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The emphasis on biological determinism and internal explanations of crime were the preeminent force in the theories of the early thirties. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Debates persist inside the field and out, regarding genetic and biological determinism. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 It can be a genuine biological difference but it can also mask issues. The Sun Is this simply a biological difference or are they shaving? Times, Sunday Times Cross-national studies have also been shown to refute the argument for an innate biological difference in mathematical skills. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 But my internal and biological differences were never properly explained to me or my family. Times, Sunday Times By minimizing these systematic variations, true biological differences can be found. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Some scientists doubt that xenoestrogens have any significant biological effect, in the concentrations found in the environment. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Neurotransmitters produce most of their biological effect by binding to the active site of a protein receptor. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The sievert represents the equivalent biological effect of the deposit of a joule of radiation energy in a kilogram of human tissue. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Therefore, the equivalent dose was defined to give an approximate measure of the biological effect of radiation. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Such changes are presumed to have little or no biological effect. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 In the beginning, then, certain highly generalized potentials were built into the psyche by biological evolution. The Times Literary Supplement In biological evolution three ingredients are necessary: variation (in genes), inheritance (of that variation) and differences in survival (natural selection). Times, Sunday Times Humans are born imitators: this talent enabled us to develop far quicker than our competitors could via biological evolution alone. Times, Sunday Times He shows how the complexities of grammar could historically emerge from simple patterns of language use, in a second evolutionary track that runs parallel to our biological evolution. The Times Literary Supplement First, fishing vessels, although their designs continue to develop, are not products of biological evolution like their fellow marine predators and the prey organisms that have evolved alongside them. The Times Literary Supplement The name, derived through common use, was a functional description of the biological experiment carried by the satellite. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Cups, multiplying at the speed rabbits reproduce, contain various biological experiments. Times, Sunday Times The technology's flexibility allows custom chip designs to be turned around in a matter of days, permitting the researcher to perform real-time iterative biological experiments. The Scientist Thus, the ground was made for biological experiments with optical trapping. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Medical and biological experiments were carried out, including an audio experiment which tested sound and noise perception limits. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Combinatorial chemistry has provided novel avenues to probe molecular structure, biochemical activity (enzyme kinetics, ligand binding), and biological function. The Scientist (2000) The biological function of the claustrum remains speculative, despite many years of research. 2014, 'A role of the claustrum in auditory scene analysis by reflecting sensory change', Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience The probable biological function of each sensillum type was deduced based on the basis of their structure. 2016, 'Morphology, distribution and abundance of antennal sensilla of the oyster mushroom fly, Coboldia fuscipes (Meigen) (Diptera: Scatopsidae)', Revista Brasileira de Entomologia He denies putting pressure on me, then talks about our biological imperative, which makes me feel like a problem that needs to be fixed. Times, Sunday Times And on another it's a biological imperative. Times, Sunday Times Or are you listening to creative artists making music because - for all the biological imperative involved - they are in love with music itself ? Times, Sunday Times You may be sceptical, but we have a primary drive to sleep; it's a biological imperative to the point that it's no longer a choice to our brain. Times, Sunday Times They destroy the ecosystems of all the planets they visit as their biological imperative. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 State law requires the authorities to preserve relevant 'biological material' and 'physical evidence' until a convicted person has left jail. Times, Sunday Times Any biological material derived from living, or recently living, organisms. Times, Sunday Times Certainly, up to the 1970s it was possible to buy a skeleton from any reputable supplier of biological material for a few hundred pounds. Times, Sunday Times Police checked for chemical or biological material but the powder proved to be harmless. The Sun Medical procedures that introduce a donor's biological material into the body are also long accepted. Times, Sunday Times So there was never a plausible biological mechanism by which mobile phones could cause brain tumours. Times, Sunday Times Now scientists have finally unravelled the biological mechanism behind body odour. Times,Sunday Times Other studies have looked at the biological mechanism behind the inheritance of traits or memories. Times, Sunday Times The biological mechanism with which axonal pruning occurs still remains unclear for the mammalian central nervous system. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Each of these will have their own physical characteristics and biological mechanism of action. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 His work proved pivotal in elucidating the pathways by which numerous biological molecules are made by enzymes. Times, Sunday Times His early work focused on making biological molecules called steroids; compounds that include cholesterol and hormones. Times, Sunday Times It uses very bright, highly focused light to illuminate the structure of biological molecules and see how they're built. Times, Sunday Times They then measure the changes in current as biological molecules pass through the nanopore or near it. Times, Sunday Times Many cryoprotectants also function by forming hydrogen bonds with biological molecules as water molecules are displaced. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Like any other biological organism — why change if you don't have to? Times, Sunday Times In order for a biological organism to evolve by natural selection, there must be a certain minimum probability that new, heritable variants are beneficial. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Pathogens are generally included as well, despite some definitions not regarding biological organism as toxic by themselves. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 They believe that we are more than biological organisms. Times, Sunday Times We are objects, beings in physical space, subject to the same causal laws as other biological organisms. Times, Sunday Times Abiogenic hypotheses reject the supposition that certain molecules found within petroleum, known as biomarkers, are indicative of the biological origin of petroleum. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 In time, these heterogeneous armies grew into a new people possessing a strong belief in a common biological origin. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Currently the fossils are thought to be of biological origin. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Signalers clarify their signals to indicate the biological origin of their actions. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 This discovery established the biological origin of petroleum, which was previously poorly understood. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 In addition to its importance as a biological phenomenon, defective apoptotic processes have been implicated in an extensive variety of diseases. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 His work seeks to understand consciousness as a biological phenomenon. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Just as new species are named when they are discovered, he says, naming new biological phenomena also makes them available for further study by others. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 It focuses mainly on physical, chemical, and biological phenomena and processes in structures of sizes comparable to a few nanometers. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 However, together they address phenomena related to living organisms (biological phenomena) over a wide range of scales, from biophysics to ecology. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 She added the findings did not suggest that anyone made up having the condition as it was a biological process. Times,Sunday Times In their bodies, the healthy, helpful biological process works overtime. Christianity Today The device uses a biological process called cell rolling, where cells get attracted to vessel walls and roll slowly across them in order to pick up instructions from nearby tissues. Times, Sunday Times Experiments such as these have helped us to redefine ageing not as something inevitable, but as a biological process that, like other biological processes, can be understood and remedied. Times,Sunday Times Researchers say sleep can rescue memories in a biological process of storing and consolidating them deep in the brain's complex circuitry. Globe and Mail A successful pharmaceutical industry depends on the results of basic biological research. Times, Sunday Times This led to that community's initiation and substantial control of the funding for biological research and a persisting mind-set. The Scientist Commercially, seaweed extracts produce the food thickener carrageenan, agar for food and biological research uses, docosahexaenoic acid, fertilizer, vitamins, and other products. The Scientist The foundation has two funds, one for the promotion of biological research and the other for supporting projects of an important scientific or social nature. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 This represented an enormous boon to medical and biological research. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Our biological rhythms thrive on routine and the master clock located in the hypothalamus area of the brain responds to daylight exposure to keep us ticking on time. Times,Sunday Times Chronobiology investigates biological rhythms occurring in some prokaryotes and in all eukaryotes from fungi to humans. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Biological rhythms, including cycles related to sleep and wakefulness, mood, and cognitive performance, are synchronized with the body's internal circadian clock. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 By regulating social rhythms, therapists hope to normalize in turn individuals' biological rhythms. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Under these circumstances, the circadian clock alone modulates the body's biological rhythms. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 On board the ship there are labs for water-chemistry testing and geological and biological sample analysis. Times, Sunday Times The company says it also has developed a device to prepare a biological sample that can be analyzed. The Scientist As a result, organomercurial agarose gel or gel beads are used to isolate thiolated compounds (such as thiouridine) in a biological sample. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The biological sample can be a cell, a cellular organelle, an organ, a tissue, a tissue extract, a biofluid or an entire organism. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 There, they hit the target, which may be a biological sample or shielding material. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 It contains the school library, laboratories, the biological specimen room and computer rooms. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 A healthy person donates a biological specimen and agrees to have that specimen and associated data put into a genome-wide association study. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The cooling of materials to produce effects such as superconductivity, in which all electrical resistance disappears, and for scientific and industrial uses, such as the preservation of biological specimens. Times, Sunday Times Science students can study cross-sections of internal organs of the human body and other biological specimens. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Biological specimens are typically required to be chemically fixed, dehydrated and embedded in a polymer resin to stabilize them sufficiently to allow ultrathin sectioning. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Meat produced synthetically from biological tissue. Times, Sunday Times They may also be used for collection and processing of biological tissue samples within the same container. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 In biological tissue, these motions essentially are molecular diffusion of water and microcirculation of blood in the capillary network (perfusion). Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 The most important advantage of the specificity of mass spectrometry data to the histological level, the opportunity to identify biological tissue based on chemical composition. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Another type of biological valve utilizes biological tissue to make leaflets that are sewn into a metal frame. Retrieved from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0 Translations: Chinese: 生物学的 Japanese: 生物学の |
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