However, with the opening up of the western tradition to cultures throughout the world, we now have a wider understanding of what art might be.

We just assume in the western tradition that if you get down to the bits of something, you're down to the real deal.

Part verb, part adjective, part tonal language, part way to spend an evening, these are not like anything in mainstream western tradition.

What can be defined as a portrait outside of the western tradition?

By then he had a background in classical philosophy and the developing thought of the western tradition.