Households have made a classic mistake of 'false consciousness', or a 'misperceptions gap', they said.

He hates the cinema, on account of it being an instrument of false consciousness, but he says the usher has a point.

In denial about their political flaws, they have convinced themselves that the voters will flock to their cause once saved from their state of false consciousness.

Someone could be deprived of such capabilities in many ways, e.g. by ignorance, government oppression, lack of financial resources, or false consciousness.

These include efforts at manufacturing consent and eliciting false consciousness.