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单词 cathartic
释义

catharticadj.n.

Brit. /kəˈθɑːtɪk/, U.S. /kəˈθɑrdɪk/
Etymology: < Latin catharticus, < Greek καθαρτικός fit for cleansing, purgative; see catharsis n. Compare French cathartique.
A. adj.
1. Medicine. Cleansing (the bowels), promoting evacuation, purgative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [adjective] > purgative
outrunningeOE
laxativea1398
purgativea1398
openinga1400
abstersive?a1425
purging?c1425
solublec1503
minorative1543
purgy1562
relaxing1562
solutive1564
benedict1576
aperitive1582
scouring1597
apertive1605
dejective1605
relaxative1611
subductory1620
calastic1621
aperient1626
cathartic1639
dejectory1640
relaxant1651
spurginga1652
cathartical1656
anastomotic1657
ecphractic1657
ecphractical1657
rhyptical1657
rhyptic1659
loosening1665
eccathartic1681
fluxing1702
chalastic1704
loosinga1722
hypactic1753
evacuatory1789
evacuant1800
relaxatory1925
1639 J. Woodall Treat. Plague in Surgeons Mate (rev. ed.) 351 Catharticke or purging Medicines.
1667 R. Boyle Origine Formes & Qualities (ed. 2) The purgative faculty of Rhubarb, Senna, and other Cathartick Vegetables.
1801 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 5 220 An ounce of the common cathartic salts.
1868 ‘G. Eliot’ Spanish Gypsy iii. 239 Honey's not sweet, commended as cathartic.
2. gen. (and figurative) Cleansing, purifying, purging.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > improvement > [adjective] > purifying or refining
purgatoryc1390
cathartical1656
cathartic1678
polishing1788
1678 R. Cudworth tr. J. Philoponus in True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. v. 787 As this Earthy Body is washed by Water, so is that Spirituous Body Cleansed by Cathartick Vapours.
1822 T. Taylor tr. Apuleius Metamorphosis 364 This philosophic death..is effected by the cathartic or purifying virtues.
1841 R. W. Emerson Heroism in Ess. 1st Ser. (London ed.) 250 We need books of this tart cathartic virtue.
B. n.
a. A medicine which has the power of purging or evacuating; a purgative. More strictly: ‘a medicine which is capable of producing the second grade of purgation, of which laxative is the first and drastic the third’ ( New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon).
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [noun] > purgative
laxativec1386
abstersive?a1425
purgative?a1425
lax1526
purgation1527
cleanser1528
looser1528
laskc1540
purger1558
solutory1561
scouring1575
expulsive1576
purge1593
solutive1605
opener1610
physica1616
calastic1621
loosener1630
minorative1633
relaxativea1637
cathartic1651
eccoprotic1656
vacuative1656
aperitive1671
spurger1681
aperient1682
hypercathartic1706
chalastic1708
scourer1718
drastic1783
solvent1815
purgament1828
dejector1831
laxation1897
mochlic1907
jollop1955
poop-pusher1966
1651 R. Wittie tr. J. Primrose Pop. Errours iv. 265 Aloes, which is such a gentle cathartick.
a1774 A. Tucker Light of Nature Pursued (1777) III. i. 389 It may be proper for jockeys and running footmen to keep themselves spare and light by cathartics.
1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 208 A mild cathartic.
b. figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > improvement > [noun] > purification or refinement > that which
alembic1614
cathartic1667
1667 R. Allestree Causes Decay Christian Piety v. 75 Lustrations and Catharticks of the mind were sought for.
1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 507. ¶1 Plato has called Mathematical Demonstrations the Catharticks or Purgatives of the Soul.
1860 W. Thomson Outl. Laws of Thought (ed. 5) §35 Logic..is called the Cathartic of the Mind.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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adj.n.1639
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